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Sample Problem #1

An isopropyl ether solvent is used to extract an aqueous acetic acid solution using countercurrent multistage extraction. The aqueous solution contains 30% acetic acid at a flow rate of 200 kg/h. The solvent flows at 600 kg/h and the desired exit concentration of acetic acid in the raffinate is 4%. To determine the compositions and amounts of the extract and raffinate, as well as the number of stages required, material balances and equilibrium data are used. The analysis shows that 3.7 stages are needed, with the extract containing 8% acetic acid and the raffinate achieving the target 4% acetic acid concentration.

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3K views

Sample Problem #1

An isopropyl ether solvent is used to extract an aqueous acetic acid solution using countercurrent multistage extraction. The aqueous solution contains 30% acetic acid at a flow rate of 200 kg/h. The solvent flows at 600 kg/h and the desired exit concentration of acetic acid in the raffinate is 4%. To determine the compositions and amounts of the extract and raffinate, as well as the number of stages required, material balances and equilibrium data are used. The analysis shows that 3.7 stages are needed, with the extract containing 8% acetic acid and the raffinate achieving the target 4% acetic acid concentration.

Uploaded by

Dozdi
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Sample Problem #1:

Pure solvent isopropyl ether at the rate of 600 kg/h is being used to extract an aqueous
solution of 200 kg/h containing 30 wt % acetic acid by countercurrent multistage extraction.
The desired exit acetic acid concentration in the aqueous phase is 4%. Determine the
compositions and amounts of the ether extract and the aqueous raffinate. Calculate the
number of stages required.
Equilibrium data for water-acetic acid-isopropyl ether at 20C and 1 atm
Water Layer, wt % Isopropyl Ether Layer, wt %
Isopropyl Isopropyl
Acetic Acid Water Acetic Acid Water
Ether Ether
0.69 98.1 1.2 0.18 0.5 99.3
1.41 97.1 1.5 0.37 0.7 98.9
2.89 95.5 1.6 0.79 0.8 98.4
6.42 91.7 1.9 1.93 1.0 97.1
13.30 84.4 2.3 4.82 1.9 93.3
25.50 71.1 3.4 11.40 3.9 84.7
36.70 58.9 4.4 21.60 6.9 71.5
44.30 45.1 10.6 31.10 10.8 58.1
46.40 37.1 16.5 36.20 15.1 48.7

Solution:
VN+1
V2 600 kg/h solvent
V1
1 2 N yAN+1 = 0
L0
200 kg/h feed LN
L1
xA0 = 0.30 xAN = 0.04
xB0 = 0.70

Total balance: L0 + VN+1 =  VN+1


200 + 600 =  L0 = 200
800 = 

A balance: L0xA0 + VN+1yAN+1 = xA
200(0.30) + 600(0) = 800xA
0.075 = xA
VN+1 = 600
Or by ratio and proportion:
L0 VN 1

x A x A 0  x A L0
200 600
 xA = ?
x A 0.30  x A
 xA = 0.075 xA0 = 0.30
1.0

0.9

0.8

0.7

0.6

0.5
1
0.4
0.9
0.3
0.8
0.2
0.7
0.1
0.6
0.0
0.5
0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0
0.4
0.3

0.2

0.1

0
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1

From diagram above: N = 3.7


Extract composition: 8% acetic, 89% ether, 3% water
Raffinate composition: 4% acetic, 1.8% ether, 90.2% water

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