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DR A.Q Khan

The document summarizes the contributions and achievements of Dr. Abdul Qadeer Khan, known as the "father of Pakistan's nuclear program." It details how he helped Pakistan develop nuclear weapons and ballistic missiles through his work setting up uranium enrichment centrifuges. It also lists the many educational and scientific institutions he established in Pakistan and his recognition through numerous honorary degrees and awards for his service to Pakistan.

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Rana Jahanzaib
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1K views6 pages

DR A.Q Khan

The document summarizes the contributions and achievements of Dr. Abdul Qadeer Khan, known as the "father of Pakistan's nuclear program." It details how he helped Pakistan develop nuclear weapons and ballistic missiles through his work setting up uranium enrichment centrifuges. It also lists the many educational and scientific institutions he established in Pakistan and his recognition through numerous honorary degrees and awards for his service to Pakistan.

Uploaded by

Rana Jahanzaib
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Declaration

We hereby declare that the information


provided in this report is on the basis of keen
study and the information provided on the
internet, hence the information is correct to the
best of our knowledge. We shall be accountable
for any misleading information in any part of this
report.

Rana Muhammad Jahanzaib.


ME-123079

Syed Mohsin Naqvi.


ME-123065

History

Dr. Abdul Qadeer Khan is a world-renowned nuclear scientist and metallurgical


engineer, widely acclaimed as Founder and Father of Pakistans Nuclear Deterrence
Program and also Called "the father of the Islamic bomb,". As title of honor, people of
Pakistan identify him as Mohsin-e-Pakistan (Savior of Pakistan). Khan was born in an
urban Muslim family of literary and religious scholars on April 1, 1936 in Bhopal, India.
In 1947, during Khans childhood, India achieved independence from Britain, and
Muslim areas in the east and west were partitioned to form the state of Pakistan. Khan
immigrated to West Pakistan in 1952, and in 1960 he graduated from the University of
Karachi with a degree in metallurgy. Over the next decade he pursued graduate studies
abroad, first in West Berlin and then in Delft, Netherlands, where in 1967 he received a
masters degree in metallurgy. In 1972 he earned a doctorate in metallurgical
engineering from the Catholic University of Leuven in Belgium.
In the spring of 1972 Khan was hired by Physical Dynamics Research Laboratory, a
subcontractor of the Dutch partner of URENCO. URENCO, a consortium of British,
German, and Dutch companies, was established in 1971 to research and develop
uranium enrichment through the use of ultracentrifuges, which are centrifuges that
operate at extremely high speeds. Khan was granted a low-level security clearance, but,
through lax oversight, he gained access to a full range of information on ultracentrifuge
technology and visited the Dutch plant at Almelo many times. One of his jobs was to
translate German documents on advanced centrifuges into Dutch. He worked as a
metallurgist for a firm and he copied blueprints on the sly and wrote to Prime Minister
Z.A. Bhutto that he could set up a similar plant in Pakistan. Impressed, A.Q. Khan
initially worked under Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission (PAEC), headed by Munir
Ahmad Khan, for a short period. But the pair fell out, and in July 1976, Bhutto gave A.Q.
Khan autonomous control of the uranium enrichment project, reporting directly to the
prime minister's office, which arrangement has continued since. A.Q. Khan founded the
Engineering Research Laboratories (ERL) on 31 July 1976,
Khan was given a carte blanche to purchase what he wanted from the grey market. By
1982 he had set up sophisticated centrifuges needed to enrich uranium and had enough
material to make a bomb. He was then asked to build the warheads by General Zia-ulHaq and was given a free hand for purchases again.
On 01 May 1981, ERL was renamed by Gen. Mohammad Zia ul-Haq as Dr. A.Q. Khan
Research Laboratories (KRL). It was enrichment of Uranium in KRL that ultimately led to
the successful detonation of Pakistan's first nuclear device on 28 May 1998.

Achievements

Dr. Khan has received honorary degrees of Doctor of Science from the University of
Karachi in 1993, Doctor of Science from Baqai Medical University on December 11,
1998, Doctor of Science from Hamdard University, Karachi, in March 6, 1999, Doctor of
Science from Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan, N.W.F.P. on April 16,1999, Doctor of
Science from the University of Engineering & Technology, Lahore on December 9, 2000
and Doctor of Science from the Sir Syed University of Engineering & Technology,
Karachi on March 25, 2001. Apart from his eminent contribution in the filed of Science
and Technology, Dr. Khan is an avid supporter of Science and Technology education in
Pakistan. As the Project Director of GIK Institute of Science and Technology, he has
invested his energies in developing the Institute into an exemplary high technology
institution. For his important and eminent contributions in the field of science and
technology, the President, Islamic Republic of Pakistan conferred upon Dr. Khan the
award of Nishan-i-Imtiaz on 14 August, 1996 and 14 August, 1998. He is also a recipient
of Hilal-i-Imtiaz. Dr. Khan is the only Pakistani to have received the highest civil award
of "Nishan-i-Imtiaz" twice. The list of his contribution and achievement is far too long to
be mentioned in this short citation. He is a person imbued with the spirit of serving the
cause of Pakistan and Muslim Ummah through his able researches, high acumen,
intellectual robustness and unwavering devotion. So numerous are his activities that
every segment of society has praised him in different forms. He has been awarded 42
gold medals by various national institutions and organizations. He was also presented
with 3 gold crowns Dr. Khan is a Fellow of Kazakh National Academy of Sciences, the
first Asian scientist with this honour, Elected Fellow of the Islamic Academy of Sciences
and Honorary Member of the Korean Academy of Science & Technology. He has also
been elected as the Chairman of the Islamic Development Bank's Advisory Panel on
Science and Technology in the Panel's first ever meeting, held at the IDB's
headquarters in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, on October 17, 2000. Being a Fellow of Pakistan
Academy of Sciences, he was elected unopposed the President of the Academy's in
1997- the position that he still occupies. Besides, he is a member of a large number of
national and international professional organizations, which include Pakistan Institute of
Metallurgical Engineers; Pakistan Institute of Engineers; and Institute of Central and
West Asian Studies. He is a Member of the Institute of Materials, London; American
Society of Metal (ASM); The Metallurgical Society of the American Institute of
Metallurgical Mining and Petroleum Engineers (TMS); Canadian Institute of Metals
(CIM) and Japan Institute of Metals (JIM).

Contributions
He is the man who made our country into a Nuclear power.
Nuclear Bombs & Missiles:
This breakthrough ultimately resulted in the historic explosion of six nuclear bombson May 28
and May 30, 1998. Not only this but a significant development was alsomade with the
successful test firing of Intermediate Range Ballistic Missiles.

Ghauri I, on April 6, 1998


Ghauri II on April 14, 1999.

The scientific contributions of Dr Khan have been recognized in several ways.


As an active scientist and technologist, he has published more than 188
scientific research papers in international journals of high repute.
He has been editor of a large number of books on metallurgy, advanced
materials and phase transformation.
His academic and scholastic activities have attracted the attention of number of
western countries where he has delivered more than 100 lectures.
Dr A Q Khan worked hard not only to make Pakistan a strong nuclear power but also
developed and led development programs for development of Pakistans strategic
weapon systems. His contribution to Pakistani nuclear and missile program, both in
technology and leadership fronts, helped establish a formidable defense system for
Pakistan which transcended its conventional capabilities.
Khan was also a key figure in the establishment of several educational institutes in
Pakistan.
GIK Institute, Topi, NWFP.
Pakistan Academy of Sciences, Islamabad.
Dr. A. Q. Khan Institute of Bio Technology & Genetic Engineering, Karachi
University, Karachi.
Institute of Behavioral Sciences, Karachi.
Pakistan Institute of Science, Technology and Economics, Karachi.

Kahuta Institute of Technology, Kahuta.


Dr. A. Q. Khan Institute of Technology, Mianwali.
Kahuta Boys Degree College, Kahuta.
Govt. Girls Degree College, Kahuta.
Govt. Boys Primary School, Nathot (Kahuta).
Govt. Boys Middle School, Nathot (Kahuta).
Govt. Girls Primary School, Chhani Awan (Kahuta).
Cadet College, Kallar Kahar, Punjab.
Pearl Valley Public School, Rawalakot, AJ&K.
Islamabad Foreign Women Association (IFWA) Middle School, Nurpur Shahaan,
Islamabad.
Computer Training Centre, Islamabad Foreign Women Association (IFWA)
Community Centre, Islamabad
Dr. A. Q. Khan Girls College for Computer Science, Rawalpindi.
Dr. A. Q. Khan Ophthalmic Research Center, Al-Shifa Trust Eye Hospital,
Rawalpindi.
Zulaikha-Quadeer Science Block, Fatima Jinnah Women University, Rawalpindi.
Al-Markaz Al-Islami, H-8/4, Islamabad.

His others contributions are:


Dr A.Q khan hospital trust.
He has developed 12 mosques in various places.
5 dispensaries and community health centers a part from 21 educational
centers/institutions.

Established Gas & Water Supply Facilities:


Water Supply at Sumbalgah.

Sui Gas Supply at Sumbalgah.


Scholarships floated after the name of Dr. Abdul Qadeer khan.

Dr Abdul Qadeer Khan is also the member of ever so many national and
international academic institutions,
Despite his international image, Khan remains widely popular among in Pakistanis and
he is considered domestically to be one of the most-influential and respected scientists
in Pakistan.

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