Quantify PM Value
Quantify PM Value
The “Expert Series” is a collection of articles, papers and writings by PM Solutions’ associates and other
industry experts that provides insight into the practice and value of project management.
METRICS MAKE MY DAY ! They are also the foundation for many of the management decisions I make on
a daily basis. Capturing the right metrics and properly interpreting them is often my challenge. I used
to think that the most fundamental metric was the “bottom line”. After all, business needs to generate
profit. The return on investment (ROI) tends to be the driving factor for implementing specific proj-
ects and ultimately the measure of their success. If the return is good (and I generally think in terms of
$$), then obviously it is a good project and a smart decision to implement it. However, after reading
numerous articles and publications on different approaches for evaluating value, I am slowly altering
my perspective.
In trying to understand a specific business approach, I generally relate it to a more familiar environ-
ment - my family. I have three daughters who absolutely love volleyball. They not only play for their
high schools, but also with the local “club” teams. Club volleyball can get very expensive (relatively
speaking). So my husband and I took a business perspective and agreed to invest in developing their
volleyball skills. Our thought was that if we invest now, they will probably end up getting scholarships
and our return on this investment will be great! Well, my oldest daughter just graduated from high
school…and she did not receive a volleyball scholarship. Was my investment a failure?? Absolutely
not! If my measure was strictly the return on our investment (ROI), then the absence of a volleyball
scholarship would deem this investment a failure. However, in the four years that my daughter played
volleyball with this Club team, she received so many more intangible benefits. From a broader and
more balanced view, this investment was a success and the “return” is forthcoming.
Many executives are turning toward this “balanced scorecard approach” to determine the value of
project management in their organizations. They believe that many other, more intangible benefits will
accrue but not show in the ROI calculations. So what should one measure to determine the benefits of
implementing project management? Certainly ROI plays a critical role. ROI measures how effectively
assets are used to earn income. Financial measures alone, though, do not present a clear picture of the
value. They often do not represent a clear sign of the future measures. To truly evaluate effectiveness,
financial measures must be supplemented with nonfinancial ones.
Research in a report published by the Center for Business Practices has shown that creating value for
stakeholders is the key to organizational success. Companies that stress shareholders, customers, and
employees outperform firms that do not. Over an eleven-year period, the former increased revenues
by an average of 682 percent versus 166 percent for the latter, expanded their workforces by 282 per-
cent versus 36 percent, grew their stock prices by 901 percent versus 74 percent, and improved their
net incomes by 756 percent versus 1 percent.1
A balanced family of measures for determining the value of project management might include:
Financial Measures: economic value-added, return on capital employed, sales growth, productivity,
cost savings, earnings per share.
Customer Measures: customer satisfaction, customer retention, customer acquisition, customer prof-
itability, market share, customer use.
1 J.Kent Crawford and James S. Pennypacker, “The Value of Project Management: Why Every 21st Century Company Must
Have an Effective Project Management Culture,” PMI 2000 Seminars & Symposium Proceedings, Project Management
Institute, 2000.