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EXPERIMENT 1 Cape Unit 1 57fd8499393c8

This experiment investigates the properties of ionic and covalent compounds. Samples of sodium chloride, sucrose, naphthalene, copper(II) oxide, calcium carbonate, and copper(II) sulfate are tested for their melting points, solubility in water and ethanol, and ability to conduct electricity when dissolved. Observations are recorded in a table. The discussion analyzes the results to distinguish between ionic and covalent bonding based on each compound's physical properties. Conclusions are drawn about the nature of bonding in the substances tested.

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38 views3 pages

EXPERIMENT 1 Cape Unit 1 57fd8499393c8

This experiment investigates the properties of ionic and covalent compounds. Samples of sodium chloride, sucrose, naphthalene, copper(II) oxide, calcium carbonate, and copper(II) sulfate are tested for their melting points, solubility in water and ethanol, and ability to conduct electricity when dissolved. Observations are recorded in a table. The discussion analyzes the results to distinguish between ionic and covalent bonding based on each compound's physical properties. Conclusions are drawn about the nature of bonding in the substances tested.

Uploaded by

lakadia taylor
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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EXPERIMENT #1- INVESTIGATING PROPERTIES OF IONIC AND COVALENT

COMPOUNDS
MATERIALS/APPARATUS
1. Finely divided samples of the following common laboratory substances:

Sodium chloride (NaCl)

Sucrose

Naphthalene

Copper (II) oxide (CuO)

Calcium carbonate (CaCO3)

Copper (II) sulphate (CuSO4)

2. Test tubes
3. Glass rods
4. 100 cm3 beaker
5. Apparatus for determining whether solutions conduct electricity, eg, a low voltage
battery, connecting wires, current-detecting device or measuring device, electrodes
6. Distilled water
7. Ethanol

PROCEDURE
1. Research the melting point temperatures of the given substances and record in the
appropriate column of the table of results.
2. Place two spatulas of sodium chloride in a test tube and heat gently at first then more
strongly, until no further changes occur.
3. Repeat step 2 with all the other substances provided.
4. Record observations in the appropriate column of the table by using the following
designations:

A- Does not melt at the temperature of the burner.

B- Melts without decomposition when gently heated.

C- Melts without decomposition when strongly heated.

D- Decomposes when heated.

5. Using 5 cm3 of solvent and half a spatula full of each substance, determine the solubility
of each. Keep the mixture so as to use it in further testing.
6. Record observations in the appropriate column of the table by using the following
designations:

IS- Insoluble

SS- Soluble

MS- Moderately soluble

7. Using the electrical circuit provided, determine whether the solutions or mixtures formed
in (5) above are electrically conducting. Wash the electrodes with distilled water before
inserting them into the solution.
8. Record observations in the appropriate column of the table.

OBSERVATIONS
In addition to all the other observations that should be listed students should record results in the
following format:
SUBSTANCES TESTED
CuSO4
Melting
Temp/K
Melting
characteristic

NaCl

C12H22O11

C10H8

CuO

CaCO3

Solubility in
water
Solubility in
ethanol
Conductivity of
solution in
water
Conductivity of
solution in
ethanol

DISCUSSION (Points to include)


1. What are covalent and ionic compounds?
2. Explain RESULTS.
3. Provide equations where necessary

CONCLUSION
LIMITATIONS AND PRECAUTIONS

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