PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT 1-3B

1st Quarter

Name: Lars Morada Grade: Nine Score:

Project Name: Subject: Date of Submission:

I. INTRODUCTION
Chemical bonding refers to the formation of a chemical bond between two or more atoms,
molecules or ions to give rise to a chemical compound. These chemical bonds are what keep the
atoms together in the resulting compound.
Ionic bonds allow the synthesis of specific organic compounds. Scientists can manipulate
ionic properties and these interactions in order to form desired products. Covalent bonds are
especially important since most carbon molecules interact primarily through covalent bonding.

II. OBJECTIVES
Apply the different science process skills through experimentation.
Compare the properties of several common Ionic and Covalent substances.
Interpret the property data to classify each unknown substance as ionic or covalent.
III. ESSENTIAL SKILLS

A. Strand Skills: Understanding scientific explanations, generating scientific evidence, reflecting

B. Transdisciplinary Skills: Analytical Thinking, Critical Thinking, Synthesis, Research Skills,

IV. OVERVIEW OF THE AUTHENTIC ASSESSMENT

V. CRITERIA
Investigating the Properties of Common Ionic and Covalent Compounds

Laboratory Experiment
❖ All the elements needed in the experiment paper are complete and
accurately answered. 15
❖ The results of the experiment are also supported with relevant data.

Laboratory Performance 10
❖ All relevant data are recorded and analyzed accurately.
❖ The task is performed with a significant level of efficacy,
involvement, and engagement.
❖ The time is used well and science process skills are observed.

Individual Contributions
❖ Significant contributions were given to aid in the accomplishment of 5
the task.
VII. SPECIFICATION OF TASKS

PROBLEM

What are the common properties of ionic and covalent compounds?

MATERIALS and TOOLS

C6H4(OH)COOH (salicylic
Safety glasses Test tubes DDistilled water
acid)
Alcohol lamp Rubber Stoppers ETOH (ethyl alcohol) NaCO3 (sodium carbonate)
Beakers Test tube rack C6H12O6 (sucrose) NaCl (table salt)

PROCEDURES
Process 1
1. Observe as the teacher heats a small amount of sucrose, table salt, salicylic acid and
sodium carbonate in a test tube over an alcohol lamp.
2. Record the time required for the material to melt completely.
3. If the substance has not melted after 90 seconds, record it as non-melting.

Process 2
1. Label and keep track of 4 test tubes with each of the four substances ( sucrose, table salt,
salicylic acid and sodium carbonate).
2. One at a time, put a small amount of each substance(the size of a small pea) in one of the
test tubes. One substance per test tube. Do not contaminate the spatulas! Be sure to
return each spatula in their correct sample container after obtaining each sample to avoid
contamination!
3. Fill each test tube to about 1/4-full with ETOH (ethyl alcohol). Place a rubber stopper in the
test tube and shake for one minute.
4. Record whether or not it dissolves in the ethanol.
5. Clean out your test tubes with tap water, and empty the substance down the sink.

Process 3
1. Repeat the process above with the same 4 substances.
2. Fill each test tube to about 1/4-full with distilled water. Place a rubber stopper in the test
tube and shake for one minute.
3. Record whether or not it dissolves in water.
4. Clean your test tubes with tap water, and return to the test tube rack to dry.
DATA ANALYSIS

Complete the table below by providing the needed information?

Process 1

Substances Time The Substance Melted

sucrose 30 seconds

table salt non-melting

salicylic acid 20 seconds

sodium carbonate non-melting

Process 2

Substances Did it dissolve in ethyl alcohol?

sucrose no

table salt no

salicylic acid no

sodium carbonate yes

Process 3

Substances Did it dissolve in distilled water?

sucrose yes

table salt yes

salicylic acid yes

sodium carbonate yes

1. Identify the following substances as ionic or covalent compounds.

sucrose Covalent Compound

table salt Ionic Compound

salicylic acid Covalent Compound

sodium carbonate Ionic Compound

2. Based on your data, how did you know whether a substance is an ionic or covalent
compound?
Based on our data, sucrose and salicylic acid had both melted and had a bit or reaction. On
the other hand, sodium chloride and sodium carbonate didn’t melt and ended up burnt. This
is because both sodium chloride and sodium carbonate are ionic compounds while sucrose
and salicylic acid are covalent compounds.

3. Which group of substances from the laboratory data has the higher melting point? What
does that tell you about the bonds within the compound?
The group of substances that had a higher melting point was the salicylic acid because
based on the observation we had made salicylic acid melted after 20 seconds.

4. Is salt an ionic or covalent compound? Justify your answer.

5. What difference did ethyl alcohol and distilled water bring in the experiment?
Based on the table above, only one substance dissolves in ethyl alcohol which is the sodium
carbonate while everything dissolved in the distilled water.

CONCLUSION
What are the common properties of ionic and covalent compounds?
During this experiment, the common properties of ionic and covalent compounds were its melting
and boiling points. Although, ionic compounds relatively have higher melting points.

INDIVIDUAL PERFORMANCE/ CONTRIBUTION

Describe your role in the group before, during, and after conducting the experiment.
BEFORE
Before the experiment started my role was to read the instructions and to identify the substances
with my groupmates.

DURING
During the experiment, I had three roles. My role was to put the substances like the sodium
chloride, sodium carbonate, sucrose, and salicylic acid. My other role was to measure the ¼ of the
test tube for my groupmates to keep track with the amount of ETOH and distilled water we had to
put in and my last role was to set a timer for the mixing of substances.

AFTER
After the experiment, me and my groupmates collaborated with each other about our opinions
whether the substances were ionic or covalent compounds. I helped clean out the test tube we
used for our procedure.