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Thermometric Titration

This experiment aims to determine the concentrations of hydrochloric acid and ethanoic acid using thermometric titration. Sodium hydroxide solution is titrated with each acid separately while temperature changes are recorded. The data is then graphed and the concentrations are calculated using the molar ratios and volumes of reactants. Sources of error include heat loss, imprecise temperature measurement, and human error. Improvements suggested are using temperature probes, better insulation, and thermocouples for more accurate temperature measurement.

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Kizzy Anne Boatswain Carbon
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984 views4 pages

Thermometric Titration

This experiment aims to determine the concentrations of hydrochloric acid and ethanoic acid using thermometric titration. Sodium hydroxide solution is titrated with each acid separately while temperature changes are recorded. The data is then graphed and the concentrations are calculated using the molar ratios and volumes of reactants. Sources of error include heat loss, imprecise temperature measurement, and human error. Improvements suggested are using temperature probes, better insulation, and thermocouples for more accurate temperature measurement.

Uploaded by

Kizzy Anne Boatswain Carbon
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 4

Aim: The purpose of this investigation is to determine the

concentration of two acids, Hydrochloric acid HCl and ethanoic acid


CH3COOH by thermometric titration; and having done that, to
calculate the enthalpy change of neutralization for each reaction.
Material required:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.

Safety goggles
Graduated (measuring) cylinder 50 cm3
Polystyrene cup
Sodium hydroxide 1moldm-3
Thermometer 1-110
Burette 50 cm3 and stand
Filter funnel, small
60 cm3 Hydrochloric acid HCl (2 moldm-3)
60 cm3 Ethanoic acid Ch3COOH (2 moldm-3)

Procedure:
1. Read through the Methods, then construct suitable blank tables for your
Results.
2. Transfer 50 cm3 of sodium hydroxide solution to a polystyrene cup. Allow it to
stand for a few minutes, then record the temperature of the solution.
3. Add 5.0 cm3 of hydrochloric acid from a burette to the cup. Immediately stir
the mixture with the thermometer and record its temperature. Repeat until you
have added a total of 50.0 cm3 of acid.
4. Follow the same procedure 1-3 as you did for the titration of HCl, except that
you use Ethanoic acid CH3COOH in the burette.
Data analysis:
Data Table 1: Titration of hydrochloric acid
Volume
0.0 5.0 10.0 15.0 20.0
25.0 30.00
added(
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.01 cm3)
Temperature
( 0.5

22

24

27

28

29

30

Data Table 2: Titration of ethanoic acid


Volume
0.0 5.0 10.0 15.0 20.0
25.0
added(
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.01 cm3)
Temperature
( 0.5

22

26

28

29

30

31

35.0
0

40.0
0

45.0
0

50.0
0

30

29

28

27

27

30.00

35.0
0

40.0
0

45.0
0

50.0
0

30

29

29

28

27

Graph 1: Graph 1 shows Volume of HCl added vs. the temperature


of solution. The logger pro provided bets fit line and point of
intersection .

Graph 2: Graph 2 shows the volume of CH3COOH vs. temperature


of solution. The logger pro provides best fit line and point of

intersection.

Analysis:
PART 1: Hydrochloric acid HCl
As you can see from graph 1 that the maximum temperature
reached is 35 at 25 cm3 of HCl added.
NaOH+ HCl NaCl+H2O
The molar ratio of NaOH and HCl is 1:1.
Concentration of NaOH Moles of HCl Volume of HCl
2
Concentration of HCl Mole/Volume of HCl
Therefore the concentration of NaOH 1/2 concentration of HCl
Concentration of HCl 2 1 2 mol dm-3
PART 2: Ethanoic acid CH3COOH
As you can see from graph 2 that the maximum temperature
reached is 31 at 23 cm3 of CH3COOH.
NaOH + CH3COOH NaCH3COOH + H2O
The molar ration of NaOH and CH3COOH is 1:1.
Concentration of NaOH = Moles of CH3COOH Volume of
CH3COOH

2
Concentration of CH3COOH Mole/Volume of CH3COOH
Therefore the concentration of NaOH 1/2 concentration of
CH3COOH
Concentration of CH3COOH 2 1 2 mol dm-3
Evaluation:
This experiment has random and systematic errors. The presence of
random errors shows that this experiment is not much that precise,
we know this as the distribution of points around the best fit line
was farther for both the graphs. The closer the points less the
random error. The presence of systematic error indicates that thee
accuracy of experiment is affected.
Sources of Error:
The heat was absorbed by the thermometer fast
Heat was lost to surrounding
Human error in measuring the maximum temperature reached
The low precision instrument like in thermometer the
temperature changed quickly
Improvement for the errors:

The temperature should be measured by temperature prob.


Better insulated system should be used
We could have used Vernier temperature probe to measure
the highest maximum temperature reached
Thermocouples should be used (Thermocouple is a electric
device for measuring temperature)

Work Cited
Saunder, Nigel. "Thermometric Titration." Use the following
Reagents in Your Experiment: (n.d.): n. pag. Creative Chemistry.
Web. 30 Nov. 2015.
John Murray, AP chemistry (2003)
"Thermometric Titration." IB Survival. N.p., n.d. Web. 29 Nov. 2015.

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