Acceptance Testing Specifications for Electric Power Distribution Equipment and Systems ancl Tes RECIE U.A | of Nie 5 9 B % 3 %S re | “My ~ ‘These specifications have been developed by the InterNational Electrical Testing Association for use by electrical power distribution system engineers. © Copyright 1991 by InterNational Electrical Testing Association P.O. Box 687, 231 Red Rocks Vista Drive Morrison, CO 80465 This publication may be reproduced without charge, in part or its entirety, Provided that notice of its copyright by NETA is included.Technical Committee “This specification was prepared by the NETA Technical Committee. Atthe time this specification was approved, the members of the Committee were: Timothy J. Cotter, Chairman Charles K. Blizard ‘Thomas J. DeGenaro Lyle A. Detterman Leonard Frier Roderic L. Hageman David W. Haines Patrick R. Herbert W. James Jordan Thomas R. Kahney Richard R. Lussier, J. John H. Moore Alan D. Peterson Mare A. Rival Standard Review Committee Charles K. Blizard Timothy J. Cotter Lyle A. Detterman Roderic L. Hageman David W. Haines Alan D. Peterson Regie U Andres NOTICE Inno event shall the InterNational Electricat Testing Association be liable to anyone for special, collateral, incidental, or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the use of these materials. This document is subject to periodic review, and users are cautioned to obtain the latest edition. Comments and suggestions are invited from all users for consideration by the Association in connection with such review; any such suggestions will be fully reviewed by the Association after giving the party, upon request, a reasonable opportunity to be heard, “This document should not be confused with federal, state, or municipal specifications or regulations, insurance requirements or national safety codes. While the Association recommends reterence to oruse of this document by government agencies and others, use of this document is purely voluntary and not binding. InterNational Electrical Testing Association P.O. Box 687, 231 Red Rocks Vista Drive Morrison, Colorado 80465 303-487-0526 FAX: 303-467-0579 Dr. Mary Denton Jordan, Executive Director “ein. emPREFACE The need for acceptance testing of electrical powersystemsis very clearto those with extensive stat HP andlor operating experience. Shipping and installation damage, field and factory wiring errors, manufacturing defects, systems and components not in accordance with drawings and spectications fice are some of the many problems that can be detected by proper testing, By finding these defects belore startup they can be corrected under warranty and without the safely hazards and possibis Equipment and consequential damages of loss of use/production that can occur if discovered too late |naddition, test results obtained during acceptance testing are invaluable as base reference data for the Periodic testing that is an essential element of an effective maintenance program Wile acknowledging the above, itis stll necessary to make an informed udgment{or each particular System regarding how extensive a procedure is justified. The approach taken in these specifications is {e present a comprehensive series of tests that are applicable to most industrial and larger commercial Bustgms. Even in those cases tis necessary to decide how far ‘down’ into the systemithe testing should be taken. In smaller systems some of the tests can be deleted. in other cases a number of the teste indicated as optional shouldbe performed, The guidance of an experienced testing professionel checla sought when making such decisions, As @ further note, it is important to follow the recommendations contained in the manufacturer's instruction manuals. Many of the details of a complete and effective acceptance testing procedure can only be obtained trom that source, ‘he Association welcomes comment from users of this document. Please contact the NETA office ‘at 303-487-0526 or a local NETA member firm. Timothy J. Cotter Technical Committee Chairman i |TABLE OF CONTENTS ELECTRICAL ACCEPTANCE TESTS SECTION GENERAL SCOPE = [APPLICABLE CODES, STANDADS AND REFERENCES... QUALIFICATIONS OF TESTING FIRM DIVISION OF RESPONSIBILITY GENERAL 5 5.1. Suitabilty of Test Equipment .. 5.2. Test Instrument Standards 5.3. Test Instrument Calibration 5.4 Test Report SHORT-CIRCUIT ANALYSIS AND COORDINATION STUDY .. 6.1 Scope of Services 62 Submittals ..2, 63 Related Work References 6.4. Shor-Circuit Study 6.5. Equipment Evaluation Study 6.6 Protective Device Coordination Study 8.7 Study Report..2..0 8.8. Implementation. INSPECTION AND TEST PROCEDURES 7.1 Switchgear and Switchboard Assemblies 7.2. Transformers 4. Transformers - Dry-Type 2, Transformers - Liquid-Filled 3. Transiormers - Small Dry-Type 7.3. Cables . a 4. Cables - Low-Voltage - 600V Maximum. 2. Cables - Medium-Votage - 69 KV Maximum 3. Cables - High-Voltage (Reserved) 7.4 Melal-Enclosed Bus... 75. Switches .. 1. Ar Switches - Low-Voltage 2. ir Sntches - Mecium-Votage - Metal En0}0S66 : 3. Air Switches -High- and Medium-Vottage - Open a 30 7.6 Circuit Breakers 82 1. Circuit Breakers - Low-Voltage —— 22 41. Circuit Breakers - Low-Voltage - insulated-Case.... 32 2. Circuit Breakers - Low-Voltage - Power 35 2. Circuit Breakers - Medium-Voltage —— 36 1. Circuit Breakers - Medium-Voltage - Air... SS 36 2, Circuit Breakers - Medium-Voltage - Cil eee or) 3, Circuit Breakers - Medium-Voltage - Vacuum... : “1 44. Circuit Breakers - High-Voltage (Reserved) ~~~. 42 5. Circuit Breakers - Extra High-Voltage (Reserved) 42TT RESEVED snare 7.8 Network Protectors 7.9. Protective Relays... 7.10 Instrument Transformers 7.11 Metering and Instrumentation 7.12 Reserved .. : 7.13 Grounding Systems 7.14 Ground-Fault Systems..... 7.15 Rotating Machinery. 4. AC Motors 2. DC MOt0 FS worn 7.16 Motor Control. 1. Medium-Vottage 2. Low-Voltage 7.7 Reserved . 7.18 Battery Systems .. 7.19 Surge Amresters 1. Low-Voltage Surge Protection Devices — 64 2. Medium- and High-Voltage Surge Protection Devices 65 7.20 Capacitors .. ses 87 7.21 Outdoor Bus Structures .. 68 7.22 Emergency Systems.. 68 1. Engine Generator 69 2. Reserved 70 8. Reserved cn. a sn se 70 4. Automatic Transfer SWitCh@S nec cnmnne meennratennnennanerensenTO 7.23 Reserved .. a a : - 72 7.24 Automatic Circuit Reclosers and Line Sectionalizers....... . onT2 1. “Automatic Circuit Reclosers - Medium-Voltage - Oil and Vacuum 72 2. Automatic Line Sectionalizers - Medium-Voltage - Oi. 73 7.25 Fiber-Optic Cables 75 8. SYSTEM FUNCTION TESTS 78 8. THERMOGRAPHIC SURVEY TT 10, TABLES - General 78 TABLES 7.1.1 Switchgear insulation-Resistance Test Voltages 4 7.4.2 Field Overpotential Test Voltages .. - 14 7.2.1 Liquid-Filled Transformer Insulation Power-Factor Values wo I8 72.2 Insulating Liquid Test Values 20 7.2.3 Transtormer insulation-Resistance Test Voltages . 22 7.24 Temperature Correction Factors - . 22 7.3.1 Medium-Voltage Cabie Maximum Acceptance Test Voltages oo 28 76.41.11 nsulated-Case Circuit Breaker Overcurrent Trip Test - 7 34 7-61.21 nsulated-Case Circuit Breaker Instantaneous Trip Tolerances ......... see 4 7.10.1 Instrument Transformer Dielectric Test Voltage... sennmntinnitenncn 7.15.1 Maximum Allowable Vibration......... “ oe 58 10.1 Bot Torque Values For Bus Connections a eee 78 10.2 Insulation-Resistanoe Test Voltages for Electrical Apparatus ee et 103 Insulation-Resistance Temperaiure Correction Factors... - on B2 10.4 Overpotential Test Voltages for Electrical Appar 83Standard Specification Form Electrical Acceptance Tests GENERAL SCOPE 14 12 13 14 18 1.6 ‘The owner shall engage the services of a recognized corporately-independent testing firm or independent electrical consulting firm to perform short-circuit and coordination studies as herein specified in Section 6, The (owner) (engineer) shall engage the services of a recognized corporately- and financially-independent testing firm for the purpose of performing inspections and tests as herein specified. ‘The testing firm shall provide all material, equipment, labor, and technical supervision to perform such tests and inspections. itis the purpose of these tests to assure that all tested electrical equipment, both contractor- and owner-supplied, is operational and within industry and manufacturer's tolerances andis installed in accordance with design specifications. The tests and inspections shall determine suitability for energization. An itemized description of equipment to be inspected and tested is as follows: (insert list for each specific job here.)2, APPLICABLE CODES, STANDARDS, AND REFERENCES 24 22 All inspections and tests shall be in accordance with the following codes and standards g except as provided otherwise herein: 1. 2 10. National Electrical Manufacturer's Association - NEMA Aimerican Society for Testing and Materials - ASTM. Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers - IEEE InterNational Electricai Testing Association - NETA Acceptance Testing Specifications - ATS-1991 American National Standards Institute - ANSI C2: National Electrical Safety Code State and local codes and ordinances insulated Cable Engineers Association - ICEA ‘Association of Edison Iluminating Companies - AEIC , Cocupational Safety and Health Administration - OSHA National Fire Protection Association - NFPA 4. ANSINFPA 70: National Electrical Code 2. ANSINFPA 70B: Electrical Equipment Maintenance € i 3. NEPA TOE: Electrical Safety Requirements for Employee Workplaces 4. ANSINFPA 78: Lightning Protection Code 5. _ANSI/NFPA 101: Life Safety Code Allinspections and tests shall utilize the following references: Project design specifications Project design drawings Project short-circuit and coordination study Manufacturer's instruction manuals applicable to each particular apparatus Project list of equipment to be inspected and testedQUALIFICATIONS OF TESTING FIRM 34 32 33 34 35 36 a7 {ne testing firm shall be @ corporately. and financially-independent testing organization which can function as an unbiased testing authority, professionally independent of the manufacturers, suppliers, and installers of equipment or systems evaluated by the testing fmm [ihe testing fr shall be regularly engaged inthe testing of electrical equipment devices, installations, and systems. 2h testing fim shall meet OSHA criteria for accreditation of testing laboratories, Tile 29, Part 1807, orbe a Full Member company ofthe InterNational Electrical Testing Aseociation The lead, on-site, technical person shall be currently ceritied by the InerNational Electical (ate Association (NETA) or National initte for Cerilication in Engineering Technologios (NICET in electrical power distribution system testing rene esting fm shall utilize engineers and technicians who are regularly employedby the tim for testing services. wet 2sting firm shall submit proot of the above quaifications with bid documents, when requested. Zqhe terms used herewithin, such as test agency, test contractor, testing laboratory, or contractor test company, shall be construed to mean the testing firm,DIVISION OF RESPONSIBILITY 44 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 48 The contractor shall periorm routine insulation-resistance, continuity, and rotation tests for all distribution and utlization equipment prior to and in addition to tests performed by the testing firm specified herein. The (contractor) (owner) shall supply a suitable and stable source of electrical power to each test site. The testing firm shall specily the specific power requirements. The contractor shall notify the testing firm wher equipment becomes available for acceptance tests. Work shall be coordinated to expedite project scheduling. “The project electrical engineer is responsible for obtaining and approving a short-circuit analysis and coordination study prepared by an independent testing firm or consulting engineer. The project electrical engineer shai! supply a short-circuit analysis and coordination study, a protective device seiting sheet, 2 complete set of electrical plans, specifications, and any pertinent change orders to the testing firm prior to commencement of testing. ‘The testing firm shall notify the owner/engineer's representative prior to commencement of any testing. ‘Any system, material, or workmanship which is found detective on the basis of acceptance tests shall be reported to the owner/engineer’s representative. ‘The testing firm shaii maintain a writen record of all tests and, upon completion of project, shall assemble and certify a final test report. Safety and Precautions 1. Safety practices shall include, but are not limited to, the following requirements: 1. Occupational Safety and Health Act 2, Accident Prevention Manual for Industrial Operations, Nationat Safety Council 3. Applicable state and local safety operating procedures, 4, Owner's safely practices 5: National Fire Protection Association - NEPA 70E 6. American National Standards for Personnel Protection Alltests shallbe performed with apparatus de-energized. Exceptions must be thoroughly reviewed to identity safety hazards and devise adequate safeguards. 3. The testing firm shall have 2 designated safely representative on the project to supervise the testing operations with respect to safety. é foe5. GENERAL ¢ 5.1. Suitability of Test Equipment 1 | 2 52 Test Alltest equipment shail be in good mechanical and electrical condition, oiget ane ingeneral any deviation trom a pure sine wave, average sensing, avoroce reeasuring RMS scaled meters may be misleading. Use of BMS measuring metere Field test metering used to check power system meter calibration must have an ‘accuracy higher than that of the instrument being checked Accuracy of metering in test equipment shall be appropriate forthe test being performed, tre eaabe and frequency of test equipment output waveforms shallbe appropriate for the test and tested equipment. Instrument Standards All equipment used for testing and calibration procedures shall éxhioit the following characteristics: 1. Maintained in good visual and mechanical condition 2. Maintained in safe operating condition estequlpment should have operating accuracy equalto, orbetter than, the folowing limits: 1. Portable muttimeters should be true RMS measuring 2. Multimeters should have the Yollowing accuracy limits, or better: AC voltage ranges: .75% +/-3 last single digits @ 60 Hz & AC current ranges: 90% +/-S last single digits @ 60 Hz, including adapters, transducers 3. DC voltage ranges: .25% 4/-1 last single digit 4. DC current ranges: .75% +/-1 last single digit 5. Resistance ranges: 50% +/-1 last single digit 6. Frequency range: 10% +/-1 last single digit @ 60 Hz5.2 Test Instrument Standards (cont.) 3 4 10. " 12, 13, 14, 15 Clamp-on ammeters: ac current +/-3% of range +/-1 last single digit @ 60 Hz Dissipattorypower factor field equipment 4. 410.1% power factor for power factor values up to 2.0% 2. 5% of the reading for power factor values above 2.0% Low-range de resistance equipment: 1.0% of reading, +/-2 last single digits Transformer tums-ratio test equipment: 0.5% or better @ 60 Hz Ground electrode test equipment: +/-2% of range Insulation test sets: 0-1000V de +/-20% of reading at mid-scale Electrical load survey equipment 4.415% total error, including sensors 2. 1% resolution 3. Current transformers +/-2% of range @ 60 Hz 4, Voltage transformers +/-0.5% of range @ 60 Hz Liquid dielectric strength test equipment: +/-2% of scale Infrared scanning equipment: sensitivity of 2° Phase shitting equipment: +/-1.0*over entire range High-current test equipment: 4/-2% of range DC high potential test equipment: +/-2% of full scale ‘AC high potential test equipment (60 Hz): +/-2% of full scale 2%53 5.4 Test Instrument Calibration 1. The testing frm shall have a calibration program which assures that all applicable test instruments are maintained within rated accuracy. 2 The accuracy shall be directly traceable to the National Institute of Standards and Technology. S.__ Instruments shall be calibrated in accordance with the following frequency schedule 1. Field instruments: 6 months maximum 2. Laboratory instruments: 12 months 3. Leased specialty equipment: 12 months (Where accuracy is guaranteed by lessor) 4. Dated calibration labels shail be visible on all test equipment 5. Records, which show date and results of instruments callbrated or tested, must be kept up-to-date, 8 Up-to-date instrument calforation instructions and procedures shall be maintained for each test instrument. 7. Calibrating standard shall be of higher accuracy than that of the instrument tested. Test Report 1. ‘The test report shall include the following: 4. Summary of project 2. Listing of equipment tested 3. Test results 4. Recommendations 2 Fumish copies of the complete report to the owner/engineer’s representative as Girected in the contract documents.y 6. SHORT-CIRCUIT ANALYSIS AND COORDINATION STUDY 61 62 63 Scope of Services Provide a current and complete short-circuit study, equipment interrupting or withstand evaluation, and a protective device coordination study for the electrical distribution system. ‘The studies shall include all portions of the electrical distribution system from the normal and alternate sources of power throughout the low-voltage distribution system. Normal system ‘operating method, alternate operation, and operations which could result in maximum fault conditions shall be thoroughly covered in the study. ‘Submittals ‘The studies shall be submittedto the project electrical engineer priorto granting final approval of the distribution equipment shop drawings andior prior 10 release of equipment for manufacture. Related Work References 1. Busway specifications 2. Circuit breaker specifications 3. Electrical and general specifications 4, Electrical services specifications 5. Emergency power systems specitications 6. Grounding specifications 7. Insulated low- and medium-vottage cable specifications 8. Motor control centers arid motor schedule specifications 9. Panelboard specifications 10. Power transformer specifications 11, Switchboards and switchgear standards 42. Uninterruptible power system specifications65 68 3. The time-current characteristics of the speci Short-Circult Study 1. The study shall be in accordance with applicable ANSI and IEEE Standards. 2 The study input data shall include the uly company's short-circut single- and thres- phase contribution, with the X/R ratio, the resistance and reactance components of gach branch impedance, motor and generator contributions, base quantties selected, and all other applicable circuit parameters, $. _Short-circuit momentary duties and interrupting duties shall be calculated on the basis of maximum available fault current at each switchgear bus, switchboard, motor control Center, distribution panelboard, pertinent branch circuit panelboards, and other ‘significant locations through the system. Equipment Evaluation Study An 2auipment evaluation study shall be performed to determine the adequacy of circut breakers, controllers, surge aresters, busways, switches, and fuses by tabulating and Po clemng the short-circuit ratings of these devices with the available fault currents. Any problem areas or inadequacies in the equipment shall be promptly brought to the owney engineer's attention. Protective Device Coordination Study 1. A protective device coordination study shall be performed to select or to check the Selections of powertuse ratings, protective relay characteristics and settings, ratios and Characteristics of associated vollage and current transformers, and low-voltage breaker trip characteristics and settings. me coordination study shall include all votage classes of equipment from the uty's incoming line protective device down to and including each motor control center andor Panelboard. The phase and ground overcurrent protection shall be included. es well as settings forall other adjustable protective devices, d protective devices shall be plotted on €Ppropriate log-log paper. The plots shall include complete titles, representative one. tin diagram and legends, associated power company's relays or fuse characteristics, Sianitcant motor starting characteristics, complete parameters of transformers, Somplete operating bands of low-voltage circut breaker trip curves, and fuse curves, ‘The coordination plots shallindicate the types of protective devices selected, proposed [Slay taps, time dial and instantaneous trp setings, ANSI transformer magnetizing inrush and withstand curves per ANS! 37:91, cable damage curves, symmetrical ang asymmetrical fault currents. All requirements of the current National Electrical Code shallbe acheredto. Reasonable coordination intervals and separation of characterise Gurves shall be maintained. The coordination plots for phase and ground protective Cevices shall be provided on a complete system basis. Sufficient curves shall be used {oclearly indicate the coordination achieved to each utility main breaker, primary feeder breaker, unit substation primary protective device, main and tie secondary breakers, Substation feeder breakers, and load protective device rated (specily ampacily) oy more. There shall be a maximum of eight protective devices per plot66 67 68 Protective Device Coordination Study (cont,) 4 The selection and settings of the protective devices shail be provided separately ina tabulated form listing circuit identitication, IEEE device number, current transformer ratios, manufacturer, type, range of adjustment, and recommended settings. A tabulation of the recommended power fuse selection shal be provided forall fuses in the system. Discrepancies, problem areas, or inadequacies shall be promptly brought to the owner/engineer's attention ‘Study Report 1 ‘The results of the power system study shall be summarized in a final report, One (1) bound copy of the final report shallbe submittedto the owner/engineer's representative. ‘The report shall include the following sections: 1. Description, purpose, basis, written scope, and a single-line diagram of the Portion of the power system which is included within the scope of study. 2. Tabulations of circuit breaker, fuse, and other equipment ratings versus calculated short-circuit duties, and commentary regarding same. 3. Protective device time versus current coordination curves, tabulations of relay and circuit breaker tip settings, fuse selection, and commentary regarding same. 4. Fault current tabulations including a definition of terms and a guide for interpretation. 5. Tabulation of appropriate tap settings for relay seal-in units. Implementation The owner/user’s electrical engineer shall engage an independent testing firm for the purpose ot inspection, setting, testing, and calibrating the protective relays, circuit breakers, fuses, and other applicable devices as recommended in the power system study report. The testing firm shall strictly conformto the requirements of Sections 3 and 4 of these specifications. 10INSPECTION AND TEST PROCEDURES 1 Switchgear and Switchboard Assemblies 1, Visual and Mechanical inspection | 1. Inspect for physical, electrical, and mechanical condition 2. Compare equipment nameplate information with latest one-line diagram and report discrepancies. | Proper alignment Check for proper anchorage, required area clearances, physical damage, and 4. Inspect all doors, panels, and sections forpaint, dents, scratches, fit, and missing hardware. 5. Verity that use and/or circuit breaker sizes and types correspond to drawings. ) 6. Verity that current and potential transformer ratios correspond to drawings. 7. _ Inspect all bus connections for high resistance. Use low-resistance ohmmeter, or check tightness of bolted bus joints by using a calibrated torque wrench. Referto manufacturers instructions or Table 10.1 for proper torque levels, 8. Test all electrical and mechanical interlock systems for proper operation and sequencing. 1. Closure attempt shall be made on locked open devices. Opening attempt shall be made on locked closed devices. 2. _ Key exchange shall be made with devices operated in off-normal positions. 8. Clean entire switchgear using manufacturer's approved methods and materials. 10. Inspect insulators for evidence of physical damage or contaminated surfaces. 12. Lubrication 1. Verity appropriate contact lubricant on moving current carrying parts, 11. Verity proper barrier and shutter installation and operation 2. Verity appropriate lubrication on moving and sliding surfaces. 13. Exercise all active components. «14. Inspect all mechanical indicating devices for proper operation.‘Switchgear and Switchboard As: 2 ies (cont) Electrical Tests 1 2, 10. 1" Perform tests on all instrument transformers in accordance with Section 7.10, Perform ground-resistance tesis in accordance with Section 7.13. Perform insulation-resistance tests on each bus section, phase-to-phase and phase-to-ground{or one (1) minute. Test voltages and minimum resistances shall be in accordance with Table 7.1.1 Perform an overpotential test on each bus section, each phase-to-ground, forone (1) minute at values incicated in Table 7.1.2 or manufacturer's recommended potential, Refer to Section 7.1.3.2 before performing test. Perform insulation-resistance test on contro! wiring. Do not perform this test on wiring connected to solid-state components. Perform control wiring performance test. Use the elementary diagrams of the switchgear to identify each remote control and protective device. Conduct tests, to verity satistactory performance of each control feature. Perform secondary vottage energization test on all contro! power circuits and potential circuits as detailed in Sections 7.1.2.11 and 7.1.2.12. Check voltage levels at each point on terminal boards and at each terminal on devices. Perform current injection-tests on the entire current circuit in each section of switchgear. 4. Performcurrent tests by primary injection, where possible, with magnitudes such that a minimum of 1.0 ampere flows in the secondary circuit. 2. Where primary injection is impractical, utilize secondary injection with a minimum current of 1.0 ampere. 3. Test current at each device. Determine accuracy of all meters and callbrate watthour meters per section 7.11 Ver ipiers. Perform phasing check on double-ended switchgear to ensure proper bus phasing from each source. Control Power Transformers - Dry-Type 1. Inspect for physical damage, cracked insulation, broken leads, tightness of connections, defective wiring, and overall general condition, cyTABLE 7.1.1 ‘SWITCHGEAR INSULATION-RESISTANCE TEST VOLTAGES Minimum de Voltage Rating Test Voltage 0- 250V 500V 251 - 600V 1000 601 - 5000V 2500V 5001 - 15000V 2500V 15001 - 39000V 5000V TABLE 7.1.2 Recommended Minimum Insulation Resistance FIELD OVERPOTENTIAL TEST VOLTAGES™ Type of Apparatus Rated kV Mc 476 (Metal-Clad Switchgear) 8.25 15.0 38.0 sc 155 (Station-type Cubicle Switchgear) 38.0 72.5 MEI 4.76 (Metal-Enclosed interrupter Switchgear) 8.25 15.0 155 25.8 38.0 08 5.0 15.0 25.0 35.0 ac 143 27.0 27.0 60.0 375 60.0 120.0 143 195 27.0 378 45.0 60.0 18 143 27.0 45.0 60.0 In Megohms. 50 100 1000 5000 20000 Maximum Test Voltage kV de 20.3 375 375 + 20.3 27.8 375 52.5 + 23 20.3 37.5 + Consult Manufacturer's Specifications “Derived from ANSVIEEE C37.20.2 and C37.20.3. i7.4 Switchgear and Switchboard Assemblies (cont.) 2. Verity proper primary and secondary fuse ratings or circuit breakers. 3. Verify proper interlock tunction and contact operation. 4. Perform insulation-resistance tests, Perform measurements from winding- to-winding and windings to-ground. Test voltages and minimum resistances shall be in accordance with Table 7.2.3. Results shall be temperature corrected in accordance with Table 7.2.4. 8. Perform secondary wiring integrity est. Disconnect transtormerat secondary terminals and connect secondary wiring to proper secondary voltage. Check potential at all devices. 8 Verily proper secondary voltage by energizing primary winging with system voltage. Measure secondary voltage withthe secondary wiring disconnected. 12. Potential Transformer Circuits : 1. Perform secondary wiring integrity test. Disconnect transformerat secondary terminals and connect secondary wiring o proper secondary voltage. Check for proper potential at all devices. 2. Verity secondary vottage by energizing primary winding with system voltage. Measure secondary voltage with the secondary wiring disconnected, 3. Test Values 1. Bolt-torque levels shall be in accordance with Table 10.1, unless otherwise specified by manufacturer. Insulation-resistance test shall be pertormed in accordance with Table 7.1.1 Values of insulation resistance less than this table or manufacturer's minimum Should be invéstigated. Overpotential tests should not proceed until insulation. resistance levels are raised above minimum values, 3. Overpotential test voltages shall be applied in accordance with Table 7.1.2 (derived trom ANSV/IEEE C37.20.2). ‘Test results are evaluated on a passstail basis by slowly raising the test voltage to the required value. The final test voltage shall be applied for one (1) minute.1. Cables - Low-Voltage - 600V Maximum 1. Visual and Mechanical Inspection 1 Inspect cables for physical damage and proper connection in accordance with single-tine diagram, ‘Test cable mechanical connections to manufacturer's recommended values using a calibrated torque wrench, inthe absence of manufacturer's datause Table 10.1. , Check cable color coding with applicable engineer's specifications and National Electrical Code standards. 2. Electrical Tests 1 2. Perform insulation-resistance test on each conductor with respect to ground and adjacent conductors. Applied potential shall be 1000 volts de tor 1 minute, Perform continuity test to insure proper cable connection, 3. Test Values Evaluate results by comparison with cables of same length and type. Investigate any values less than 50 megohms. 2. Cables - Medium-Voltage - 69 kV Maximum 1. Visual and Mechanical inspection 2, Inspect exposed sections fof physical damage. Vertty cable Is supplied and tonnected in accordance with single-tine ciagram. Inspect for shield grounding, cable support, and termination, Check for visible cable bends against ICEA or manufacturer's minimum allowable bending radius. !nspect for proper fireproofing if common cable areas. cables are terminated through window-type CT's, make an inspection to verity that neutrals and grounds are properly terminaledforproper operation of protective devices. Visually inspect jacket and insulation condition Inspect for proper phase identitication and arrangement,7.3. Cables (cont) + 2 Electrical Tests € 1. Perform a shield continuity test on each power cable by chmmeter method. Record ohmic value. 2. Perlorm an insulation-resistance test utilizing a megohmmeter with a voltage output of atleast 2500 volts. Individually test each conductor with all other conductors and shields grounded. Test duration shall be one (1) minute | 3. Perlormadc high-potentialtest onall cables. Adhere to all precautions and limits as specified in the applicable NEMW/ICEA Standard for the specific cable. Perform tests in accordance with ANSVIEEE Std. 400. Test procedure shall be as follows, and the results for each cable test shall be recorded as specified herein. Test voltages shall not exceed 80% of cable manufacturersfactory test value orthe maximumtestvoltage in Table 7.3.1. 1. Current-sensing circuits in test equipment shall measure only the . leakage current associated with the cable under test and shall not 1 ) include internal leakage of the test equipment. 2. Record wet- and dry-bulb temperatures or relative humidity and i temperature. | 3. Test each section of cable individually 4, Individually test each conductor with all other conductors grounded. « | Ground all shields. i 5. Terminations shall be properly corona-suppressed by guard ting, field reduction sphere, or other suitable methods as necessary. 6. Ensure that the maximum test voltage does not exceed the limits for terminators specified in IEEE Standard 48 or manutacturer’s specifications. - 7. Apply a de high-potential test in at least five equal increments until maximum test voltage is reached. No increment shall exceedthe ) vottage rating of the cable. Record de leakage current at each step after @ constant stabilization time consistent with system charging current. | * Optional é 24 a7.3 Cables (cont) 19 8. Raise the conductor to the specified maximum test voltage and hold for fifteen (15) minutes. Record readings of leakage ourrent at 30 ‘seconds and one minute and at one-minute intervals thereafter, 9. Reduce the conductor test potential to zero and measure residual voltage at discrete intervals. 10. Apply grounds for a time period adequate to drain all insulation stored charge. | 11. Whennew-cables are splicedinto existing cables, the dchigh-potential test shallbe pertormedonthenew cable priorto splicing in accordance with Section 7.3.2. After test results are approved for new cable and the splice is completed, an insulation-resistance test and a shield- continuity test shall be performed on the length of new and existing cable including the splice. After a satistactory insulation-resistance test, ado high-potential test shall be performed on the cable utilizing : a test voltage acceptable to owner/engineer and not exceeding 60% of factory test value. The dc high potential test shall be performed in accordance with Section 7.3.2.3 3. Test Values 1. _ Shielding must exhibit continuity. investigate resistance values in excessof 10 ohms per 1000 feet of cable. "2. A graphic plot may be made with leakage current (X axis) versus voltage (¥ axis) at each increment, 1, The step voltage slope should be reasonably linear. 2. Absorption slope should be flat or negative. In no case should slope exhibit a positive characteristic. 4. Cables-High-Voltage (Reserved) * Optional eyTABLE 7.3.1 MEDIUM-VOLTAGE CABLE MAXIMUM ACCEPTANCE TEST VOLTAGES (KV DC) Rated Test Insulation Cable Voltage Insulation Type Level Voltage kv de Elastomeric | Buty! & Oil Base 100% 5KV 25 100% 45K 55 100% 25KV 80 133% 5KV 25 133% 1BKV 65 Elastomeric: EPR 100% SV 25 Ethylene-Propylene Rubber 100% 15K 55 100% 25kV 80 100% 35k 100 133% 5kV 5 139% 15kV 5 133% 25 kV 100 XL, XLP 100% BKV 25 Polyethylene 100% 45kV 55 100% 25kV 80 100% 35 KV 100 133% 5KV 25 133% 15KV 65 133% 25KV 100 rived from ANSVIEEE Sid. 141-1986 Table 27.4 Metal-Enclosed Bus 1 Visual and Mechanical Inspection 1 Inspect bus for physical damage and proper connection in accordance with single-line diagram. Inspect for proper bracing, suspension alignment, and enclosure ground. Check tightness of botted joints by using calibrated torque wrench in accordance with manufacturer's published data or Table 10.1 Check for proper physical orientation per manufacturer's labels to ensure proper Cooling. Perform continuity tests on each conductor to verity that proper phase relationships exist. Check outdoor busway for removal of ‘weep-hole" plugs, if applicable, and the Proper installation of joint shield, Electrical Tests 1. Measure insulation resistance of each bus run phase-to-phase and phase-to- ground for one (1) minute in accordance with Table 10.2 2. Perform ac or de overpotential tests on each bus run phase-to-phase and Phase-to-ground. Potential application shall be for one (1) minute and in accordance with Table 7.1.2 S. Perform contact-resistance test on each connection point of uninsulated bus. On insulated bus, measure resistance of bus section and compare values with adjacent phases. 4. Perform phasing test on each bus tie section energized by separate sources ‘Tests must be performed from their permanent sources. Test Values 1. Bus bolt-torque values shail be in accordance with manufacturer's recommendations or Table 10.1 2. Insulation-resistance test voltages and resistance values shall be in accordance with manufacturer's specifications or Table 10.2. 3. Overpotential test shall be evaluated as pass/ail75 Switches 1. Air Switches - Low-Voltage & Visual and Mechanical inspection 1. Compare equipment nameplate information with singie-line diagram, Inspact for physical. and mechanical condition. 3. Check for proper anchorage and required area clearances, 4, Perform mechanical operation tests. 5. Verity fuse sizes and types are in accordance with drawings. Check blade alignment. Check each fuse holder for adequate mechanical support of each fuse. . Inspect allbus or cable connections for tightness by using calibrated torque ) wrench. Refer to manufacturer's instructions or Table 10.1 for proper torque levels. 9. Testaltelectrical and mechanical interlock systems for proper operation and sequencing. 10. Clean entire switch using approved methods and materials. ¢ 11. Check proper phase barrier materials and installation, 42. Lubricate as required 13. Exercise all active components 14. Inspect all indicating devices for proper operation. 2. Electrical Tests Perform insulation-resistance tests on each pole, phase-to-phase and pphase-to-ground for one (1) minute. Test voltage and minimum resistances should be in acccrdance with Table 10.2. Perform contact-resistance test across each switch blade and fuse holder. 28 !7.5 Switches (cont) 3. Test Values Bolt-torque levels shall be in accordance with Table 10.1 unless otherwise specified by manufacturer. Minimum insulation resistance shall be in accordance with Table 10.2 or Manufacturer's recommended minimum, Determine contact resistance in microhms. Investigate any values which deviate trom adjacent poles or similar switches by more than fifty Percent (50%). 2. Air Switches - Medium-Voltage - Metal-Enclosed 4. Visual and Mechanical Inspection 1 10. "1 12, 13, 14. 15 Inspect for physical and mechanical condition. Compare equipment nameplate information with single-line diagram, Check for proper anchorage and required area clearances. Verity that fuse sizes and types correspond to drawings Perform mechanical operator tests in accordance with manufacturer's instructions. Check blade alignment and are interrupter operation Verity that expulsion limiting devices are in place on all holders having expulsion-type elements, (Check each fuse holder for adequate mechanical support for each fuse. Inspect all bus connections for tightness of bolted bus joints by using calibrated torque wrench. Referto manufacturer's instructions or Table 10.1 for proper torque levels. Testallelectrical and mechanical interlock systems forproper operation and sequencing, Clean entire switch using approved methods and materials, Verify proper phase barrier materials and installation. Lubricate as required. Check switch blade clearances with manufacturer's published data. Inspect ail ingicaling devices tor proper operation.7.5. Switches (cont.) 2. Elect 1 3 3. Test 1 4, rical Tests Perform insulation-resistance tests on each pole, phase-to-phase and phase-to-ground, for one (1) minute. Test voltage and minimum resistances, should be in accordance with Table 10.2. Perform a de overpotential test on each pole with switch closed. Test each pole-to-ground with other poles groundedtor one minute at values indicated in Table 7.1.2 or manufacturer's recommended values. Perform contact-resistance test across each switch blade and fuse holder. Values Perform insulation-resistance in accordance with Table 7.1.1. Investigate values of insulation resistance less than this table or manufacturer's minimum. Do not perform overpotential tests unless insulation resistance exceeds values in table. Bott-torque levels shail be in accordance with Table 10.1 unless otherwise specified by manufacturer. Investigate any contact resistance exceeding 100 microhms or any values which deviate from adjacent poles or similar switches by more than fifty percent (50%). Overpotential test shall be evaluated as passtfail. 3. Air Switches - High- and Medium-Voltage - Open 1. Visual and Mechanical inspection i Inspect for physical damage and compare nameplate data with plans and specifications. Perform mechanical operator tests in accordance with manufacturer's instructions. Check blade alignment and arc interrupter operation, Check fuse link or element and holder for proper current rating, ‘Check interlocks for correct operation. 20 mm,7.8 Switches (cont.) 2. Electrical Tests 2, Perform ac or deoverpotential test on each pole-to-ground and pole-to-pole in accordance with Table 7.1.2, Perform contact-resistance test across each switch blade. 3. Test Values 1 2. Overpotential test evaluated as pass/fail. Contact resistance shall be determined in microhms. Investigate any value exceeding 500 microhms or any values which deviate from adjacent poles or similar switches by more than fity percent (50%).7.2 Transformers 1. Transformers - Dry-Type (larger than 100 kVA single-phase or 300 kVA three-phase) 1. Visual and Mechanical inspection 1. Compare equipment nameplate with single-line diagram and report discrepancies. 2. _ Inspect for physical damage, cracked insulators, tightness of connections, detective wiring, and general mechanical and electrical conditions 3. Verity proper operation of auxiliary devices such as fans and indicators. 4. Check tightness of accessible bolted electrical joints in accordance with Table 10.1, 5. Perform specific inspections and mechanical tests as recommended by manufacturer. 6. Make aciose examination or shipping brackets or fixtures that may nothave been removed during original instalation. Ensure that restiient mounts are free. 7. _ Verity proper core grounding. Verity proper equipment grounding. 8. Thoroughly clean unit prior to testing 2. Electrical Tests 1. Perform insulation-resistance tests, winding-to-winding and windings-to- ground, utilizing a megohmmeter with test voltage output as shown in Table 7.2.3, Test duration shallbe 10 minutes with resistances tabulated at 30 seconds, 1 minute, and 10 minutes. Dielectric absorption ratio and Polarization index shall be calculated, "2. Perform power-factor or cissipation-tactor tests in accordance with the manufacturers instruction manual 3. Perform a turns-ratio test for each winding at all tap settings. “4, Perform winding-resistance tests for each winding at nominat tap setting, "5. Perform individual excitation current tests on each phase. * Optional72 Transformers (cont.) 3. 6. Perform ac overpotential tests on all high- and low-voltage windings-to- (ground, Test potentials shall be in accordance with Section 7.2.3.7. 7. Perform tests and adjustments for fans, controls, and alarm functions, 8. Verity that the tap-changer is set at specified ratio. 8. _ Verity proper secondary voltage phase-to-phase andphase-to-neutralafter energization and prior to loading. Test Values 4. Perform insulation-resistance testsin accordance with Table 7.2.3. Results shall be temperature corrected in accordance with Table 7.2.4 2. The polarization index should be used for future reference. 3, Tums-ratio test results should not deviate more than one-half percent (0.5%) from either the adjacent coils or the calculated ratio. 4. Cyand C, power-lactor values will vary due to support insulators and bus work utilized on dry transformers. The following should be expected for Cy, power faciors: Power Transformers: 2% or less Distribution Transformers: 9% or less 5. Winding-resistance test results should compare within one percent (196) of adjacent windings. Excitation current test data pattern: Two similar current readings for outside oils and a dissimilar current reading for the center coilof a three-phase unit. AC high potential test voltage shall not exceed eighty-five percent (85%) of factory test voltage for a one (1) minute duration. Evaluation shall be on a pass/tail basis. 167.2. Transiormers (cont.) * Optional "8, "9 10. t Color: ASTM D-1500 Visual Condition: ASTM D-1524 Power factor: ASTM D-924 (required on 48 KV or higher voltages) Water content: ASTM D-1533 (required on 25 KV or higher voltages and on all silcone-filled units) Perform dissolved gas analysis (DGA) in accordance with ANSVIEEE (C87.104 or ASTM D-3612. Measure total combustible gas (TCG) content in accordance with ANSI/IEEE C.57.104 or ASTM D-3284. Perform insulation power-factor tests or dissipation-faotor tests on all windings and bushings. Determine overall dielectric-loss and power factor (C,, C,, Cy). Test voltages should be limited to the line-to- {round voltage rating of the transformer winding. Perform individual excitation current tests on each phase. Perform winding-resistance tests on each winding infinal tap position Perform tests and adjustments on fan and pump controls and alarm functions. Verify proper core grounding it accessible. Perform percent oxygen test on the nitrogen gas blanket. 187.2 Transtormers (cont.) 3. Test Valués 1. Insulation-resistance and absorption test. Test voltages shall be in accordance with Table 7.2.3. Resistance values shall be temperature corrected in accordance with Table 7.2.4. 2, The polarization index should be used for future reference. 3. Tums-ratio test results shall not deviate more than one-half percent (0.5%) from either the adjacent coils or the caloulated ratio. 4. Maximum power factor of liquic-filled transformers corrected to 20°C shall be in accordance with manufacturer's specification Representative values are indicated in Table 7.2.1. 5. Bushing power factors and capacitances that vary from nameplate values by more than ten percent (10%) should be investigated. 6. Excitation current test data pattern: Two similar current readings for outside coils and a dissimilar current reading for the center coil of a three-phase unit 7. Dielectric fluid should comply with Table 7.2.2. 8. _Winding-resistance test resutts should compare within one percent (1%) of adjacent windings. TABLE 7.2.1 UIQUID-FILLED TRANSFORMER INSULATION POWER FACTOR VALUES: Oil Silicone Tetrachlor- High Fire Point ethylene Hydrocarbon New Power Transformers 05% 0.5% 3.0% 0.5% New Distribution Transformers 10% 0.5% 3.0% 1.0% Remanufactured Power Transformers 1.0% 1.0% - — Remanufactured Distribution Transformers 15% 1.0% - - aoTABLE 7.2.2 INSULATING LIQUID TEST VALUES High Molecular Tetrachlor- Oil —Welght Hydrocarbon Silicone ~—_—ethylene Dielectric Breakdown 30 KV 20 kV 30kV 30KV ASTM D-877 Minimum Minimum Minimum = Minimum | Dielectric Breakdown | ASTM D-1816 @ 0.04" gap | 34.5kV and below 20KV — — 26kV Minimum Minimum above 34.5 kV 25 KV — — — Minimum | Neutralization Number 0.04 mgKOH/g 0.03 mgXOH/g 0.01 mgKOH/g_ 0.25 mgKOH/g ASTM D-974 Maximum Maximum Maximum Maximum Interfacial Tension 35 dynes/om 33 dynes/om = = ASTM D-974 or D-2285 = Minimum Minimum Color 1.0 NA 0.05 _ ASTM D-1500 Maximum Maximum (0-229) é g Visual Condition Clear, Bright NA Clear, Slight ASTM D-1524 Pale Straw Pink Ir (0-2129) escent | Power Factor 0.1% 0.1% 0.1% 2.0% | ASTM D-924 @ 25°C Maximum Maximum Maximum Maximum Water Content ASTM D-1533, 15 kV and below (35 PPM* 35 PPM 80 PPM 25 PPM ~~ Maximum Maximum Maximum iviaximum above 15 kV - below 115 KV2 5 PPM = — — Maximum 115KV-230kV 20 PPM — = — Maximum above 230 KY 15 PPM — — = Maximum “Orin accordance with manufacturer's requirements. Some manufacturers recommend 15 PPM maxi- mum or allranstormers. | é u 207.2 Transformers (cont.) 3 Transformers - Small Dry-Type, Air-Cooled (600 Volt and Below) (less than 100 kVA single-phase or 300 kVA three-phase) 1. _Inspectfor physical damage, broken insulation, tightness of connections, defective wiring, and general condition, 2. Thoroughly clean unit prior to making any tests. 3. Perform insulation-resistance test. Calculate dielectric absorption ratio and Polarization index. Make measurements from winding-to-winding and windings- fo-ground. Test voltages and minimum resistance shall be in accordance with ‘Table 7.2.3. Results shallbe temperature corrected in accordance with Table 7.2.4. 4. Verify taps and connect transformer to desired tap, if applicable. 5. Energize primary winding with system voltage. Measure secondary voltage with the secondary load disconnected, Record results.TABLE 7.2.3 e | x ‘TRANSFORMER INSULATION-RESISTANCE TEST VOLTAGES. | | Recommended Minimum Minimum Insulation: i de Resistance in Megohms Transformer Coil Rating Test Voltage Liquic-Filled Dry-Type 0-600 Volts 1000 Votts 100 500 60% - 5000 Volts 2500 Volts 4000 5000 ' | 5001 - 15000 Volts 5000 Volts 5000 25000 15001 - 39000 Volts 10000 Volts - = Over 39000 Volts 1 5000 Volts - _ | TABLE 7.2.4 ' ‘TRANSFORMER INSULATION RESISTANCE | ‘TEMPERATURE CORRECTION FACTORS: q TO 20°C | | ‘TEMPERATURE TRANSEORMER “ + on DRY \ | oO 32 25 AO 5 a 36 45 40 50 50 30 15, 59 75 75 20 88 100 400 25 7 1.40 1.30 20 86 1198 1.60 35 5 2.80 2.05 20 106 395 250 5 113, 5.60 325 | 50 122 7.85 4.00 | 55 131 414.20 5.20 | 60 140 15.85 6.40 | 6 149 22.40 8.70 | 70 1568 31.78 10.00 | 75 167 44.70 13.00 80 176 63.50 16.007.8 Circuit Breakers 1, Circuit Breakers - Low-Voltage | 4. Circuit Breakers - Low-Voltage - insulated-Case 1. Visual and Mechanical Inspection 1. Check circuit breaker for proper mounting and compare namepiate data to drawings and specifications, 2. Operate circuit breaker to ensure smooth operation. 3. _ Inspect case for cracks or other defects. 4, Check tighiness of connections using calibrated torque wrench. Refer to manufacturer's instructions or Table 10.1 for proper torque levels. Electrical Tests 4, Perform a contact-resistance test. 2. Performan insulation-resistance test at 1000 volts de frompoleto pole and from each pole to ground with breaker closed and across open contacts of each phase. 3. Determine long-time minimum pickup current by primary current injection where practical. 4. Perform longtime delay time-current characteristic tests by passing three hundred percent (300%) rated current through each pole separately. Record trip time, Determine short-time pickup and delay by primary current injection, it applicable, 6. Determine ground: injection, if applicab! ult pickup and time delay by primary cur 7. Determine instantaneous pickup current by primary iniection using run-up or pulse method, Test Values 1. Compare contact resistance or millivolt drop values to adjacent poles and similar breakers. Investigate deviations of more than fifty percent (50%), Investigate any value exceeding manufacturer's recommendations. 2. Insulation resistance shall not be less than 100 megohms. 327.6 Circuit Breakers (c 3, ‘Trip characteristic of breakers shallfall within manufacturer's published time-current characteristic tolerance band, including adjustment factors. Alltrip times shallfall within Table 7.6.1.1. Circuit breakers exceeding Specified trip time at three hundred percent (300%) of pickup shall be tagged detective. Instantaneous pickup values shall be within values shown on Table 7.6.1.2.TABLE 7.6.1.1 INSULATED-CASE CIRCUIT BREAKER OVERCURAENT TRIP TEST r (At 300% of Rated Continuous Current of Circuit Breaker) Maximum Breaker Range of Related Voltage Continuous Current Maximum Trip Time Volts Amperes In Seconds* | 240 15-45 50 240 50-100 7 600 15-45 70 600 50-100 125 i 240 110-225 200 240 250-400 300 600 110-225 250 600 250-400 300 € 600 450-600 350 | 600 700-1200 500 600 1400-2500 600 > *For integrally-fused circuit breakers, trp times may be substantially longer if tested with the fuses replaced by solid links (shorting bars) | 600 3000-5000 650 | TABLE 7.6.1.2 INSULATED-CASE CIRCUIT BREAKER INSTANTANEOUS TRIP TOLERANCES Tolerances of High and Low Settings Frame Size, Amperes High Low é <280 +40% +40% & 25% “30% 2400 225% 230%7.8 Circuit Breakers (cont) 2. Circuit Breakers - Low-Voltage - Power 1 Visual and Mechanical Inspection 1 Inspect for physical damage and compare nameplate data with drawings and specifications Perform mechanicaloperationaltest in accordance with manufacturer's instructions. Check cell fit and element alignment and proper operation of racking interlocks. ‘Check tightness of connections using calibrated torque wrench. Refer to manufacturer's instructions or Table 10.1 for proper torque levels, ‘Check arc chutes for damage. Clean entire circuit breaker using approved methods and materials. Lubricate as required, Electrical Tests 10. Perform a contact-resistance test. Perform an insulation-resistance test at 1000 volts de from pole-to- Pole and from each pole-to-ground with breaker closed and across. open contacts of each phase. Determine long-time minimum pickup current by primary current injection, Determine long-time delay by primary i jection. Determine short-time pickup and delay by primary current injection, Determine ground-tault pickup and delay by primary current injection, Determine instantaneous pickup value by primary current injection. Make adjustments for final settings in accordance with breaker setting sheet Activate auxiliary protective devices, such as ground-tault or under voltage relays, to ensure operation of shunt trip devices. Check the ‘operation of electrically-operated breakers in their cubicle. Check charging mechanism.7.8 Circuit Breakers (cont) 3. Test Values 1. ‘Compare contact resistance or millivolt drop values to adjacent poles and similar breakers. Investigate deviations of more than fifty percent (50%). Insulation resistance shalinot be less than 100 megohms. Investigate values less than 100 megohms. Trip characteristics of breakers when adjusted to setting sheet Parameters shall fall within manufacturer's published time-current toleranoe band.7.6 Circuit Breake (cont) } 2. Circut Breakers - Mecium-Vottage 1. Circuit Breakers - Medium-Voltage - Air 1. Visual and Mechanical Inspection 1. Inspect for physical damage and compare nameplate informationwith plans and specifications. 8. Perform all mechanical operator and contact alignment tests on both 2. Inspect anchorage, alignment, and grounding, the breaker and its operating mechanism, | 4. Chack tightness of bolted bus joints by using calibrated torque wrench . Refer to manufacturer's instructions or Table 10.1 for proper torque levels. 5. Check cell fit and element alignment. 6. Check racking mechanism, 7. Verity that primary and secondary contact wipe and other dimensions vital to satisfactory operation of the breaker are correct. Ensure that all maintenance devices are available for servicing and operating the breaker. 9. Lubricate all moving current carrying parts. 10. Check for proper operation of the cubicle shutter. oO 2. Electrical Tests 1. Measure contact resistance. 2, Measure insulation resistance pole-to-pole, pole-to-ground, andacross open poles. Use a minimum test voltage of 2500 volts, 3. Performinsulation-resistance at 1000 volts deon all controtwiring. (Do ‘not perform the test on wiring connected to solid-state components.) 4. Perform an overpotential test with breaker in closed position. Test each pole-to-ground with other poles grounded for one (1) minute at values in Table 7.1.2 or manufacturer's recommended level. 5. Perform mini 1um pickup voltage tests on trip and close coils.7.6 Circuit Breakers (cont) * Optional 6. With breaker in test position, make the following tests: 1. Trip and close breaker with the control switch. 2. Trip each breaker by operating manually each of its protective relays. Perform power-factor teston each phase with breaker in boththe open and closed postion. Test Values 1. Determine contact resistance in microhms. investigate deviations of more than 50% compared to other poles and similar breakers. 2, Minimum insulation resistance should comply with Table 7.1.1 3, Powerfactorand arcchute watts loss should be compared with results from previous tests of similar breakers or referred to manufacturer's published data. 4, Overpotential tests shall be evaluated as passiail 38. aeOrc 2. Circuit Breakers - Medium-Voltage - Oi ) 1. Visual and Mechanical inspection 1 Inspect for physical damage and compare nameplate data with drawings and specifications, Inspect anchorage, alignment, and grounding. Perform all mechanical operation and contact alignment tests on both the circuit breaker and its operating mechanism in accordance with ‘manufacturers instructions. Check tightness of bolted connections by using calibrated torque Wrench, Refer to manufacturers instructions or Table 10.1 for proper torque levels. ‘Test pressure switch alarms and lockouts for pneumatic andior hydraulic operators as recommended by the manufacturer. Perform circuit breaker time-travel analysis. 2. Electrical Tests 1 2. Measure contact resistance. ‘Sample insulating fluid. Sample shall be laboratory tested for: 1. Dielectric breakdown voltage: ASTM D-877 2. Color: ASTM D-1500 Power factor: ASTM D-924 Interfacial tension: ASTM 0-971 or D-2285 8. Visual conditions: ASTM D-1524 ‘Trip circuit breaker by operation of each protective device. Perform insulation-resistance tests pole-to-pole, pole-to-ground, and across open poles at 2,500 volts minimum. Perform insulation-resistance test on allcontrol wiring at 1000 volts do (Oe not perform this test on wiring connected to solid-state relays.) Perform power-factor tests on each phase with breaker open andeach phase with breaker closed. Determine tank loss index.7.8 Circuit Breakers (cori.) | 7. Perform power-factor tests on each bushing. Use conductive straps and hot collar procedures if bushings are not equipped with a power factor tap. 8. Perform an overpotential test on each pole with breaker in closed position. Test each pole-to-ground with other poles grounded for one (1) minute at values in Table 7.1.2 or manufacturer's recommended level 3. Test Values 1. Determine contact resistance in microhms. Resistance values should inno case exceed one hundred fifty percent (150%) of the high limit of the normal range as indicated in the manufacturer's published data. 2. Compare circuit breaker travel and velocity values io manufacturer's acceptable limits. Insulating-liquid tests shall comply with Table 7.2.2. i) 4, _ Insulation resistance shail comply with Table 7.1.1 5. Power-factor and capacitance test results shall be within ten percent (10%) of nameplate rating for bushings. Tank loss index shall not | exceed the manufacturer's allowable value. 6. Overpotential test shall be evaluated as passstal € 407.6 Circuit Breakers (cont.) * Optional 3. Circuit Breaker - Medium-Voltage - Vacuum 1. Visual and Mechanical Inspection 1 Inspect for physical damage and compare nameplate data with drawings and specifications. Inspect anchorage, alignment, and grounding. Perform all mechanical operational tests on both the circuit breaker and its operating mechanism. Measure critical dimensions such as contact gap and wipe as recom- ‘mended by manufacturer. Make adjustments as needed, Check tightness of bolted connections by using calibrated torque wrench. Refer to Table 10.1 or manufacturer's recommendations for proper torque values. 2. Electrical Tests 1 2, Perform a contact-resistance test. Perform breaker travel and velocity analysis. Perform minimum pickup voltage tests on trip and close coils. Trip circuit breaker by operation of each protective device. Perform insulation-resistance tests, pole-to-pole, pole-to-ground, and ‘across open poles at 2500V minimum, Perform vacuum bottle integrity test (overpotential) across each vacuumbottle with the breakerinthe open position in strict accordance with manufacturer's instructions. Do not exceed maximum voltage stipulated for this test. Perform insulation-resistance test on allcontrol wiring at 1000 volts de. (Oo not perform this test on wiring connected to solid-state relays). Perform power-factor tests on each phase with the breaker open and each phase with the breaker closed. Perform power-factor tests on each bushing. Use conductive straps and hot collar procedures it bushings are not equipped with a power factor tap.7.6 Circuit Breakers (cont) 3. Test Values 1. Compare contact resistance to adjacent poles and similar breakers. Investigate deviations of more than fifty percent (50%). 2. Contact displacement shail be in accordance with factory-recorded data marked on the nameplate of each vacuum breaker or bottle. Interrupter shall withstand he overvoltage applied without breakdown. 4. Compare circuit breaker travel and velocity values to manutacturer’s acceptable limits. 5. _ Insulation-resistance minimum values shall comply with Table 7.1.1 6. Powerfactor and capacitance test results shall be within nameplate rating for bushings. 4, Circuit Breakers - High-Voltage (Reserved) oo) 5. Circuit Breakers - Extra High-Voltage (Reserved) 7.7 Reserved ¥ Cy 27.8 Network Protectors 1 Visual and Mechanical Inspection 1 10, " Remove the protector from the enclosure. Observe clearances and uniformity of withdrawal, Perform an internal inspection of the enclosure. Visually check insulating ‘components, current-carrying parts, and secondary disconnecting devices. Observe that allprotector parts, including pins and springs, are properly secured Check for appropriate tightness of allelectrical and mechanicalfastenings. Follow the manufacturers instructions for adjustments, torque values, and clearances. Check for the presence, mounting, and condition of insulation barriers. Remove the arc suppression covers and examine for cracks. Inspect the main and arcing contacts for cleanliness, smoothness of surface, and alignment. ‘Slow close the protector, and observe that the sequence of arcing contacts and ‘main contacts operation is in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions. Manually close and open the protector and confirm that the mechanism is firmly latched in each position, Remove each network relay. Check all electrical connections and component fastenings for appropriate tightness. Pertorm a friction check by operating each Movement. Clean contacts in accordance with approved procedures. Inspect, clean, and tighten connections of auxiliary relays. Check electrical connections of auxiliary switches, secondary disconnects, current transformers, voitage transformers, control-power transformers, fuse holders, closing motors, and shunt-trip units, Electrical Tests 1 Perform insulation-resistance tests at 1000 volts de for one (1) minute across the Contacts of each pole with the protector open, and from pole-to-pole and from each pole-to-ground with the control wiring connected to the line and load side of the protector. Where applicable, remove solid-state relays. Perform insulation-resistance tests at 1000 volts de for one (1) misiute on all control circuit wiring and electromechanical components.tectors (cont) 3. Perform ratio and polarity tesis on all current transiormers. 4. Perform a resistance test or measure the millivlt drop across each open-type fuse at 1000 amperes. 5. Performa resistance test across the closed contacts of each pole or measure the millivot drop at 1000 amperes. 6. Perform minimum operating voltage test on the closing motor. 7. Perform minimum pickup voltage test of shunt trip device. 8. Perform operational and relay calibration tests with the application of rated three-phase voltage to the proper terminals of the protector. All settings and adjustments shall be in accordance with instructions from the owner's engineer. 8. Set andcalibrate the master relay ior the specified overvoltage close and reverse- current trip values. 10. Set and calibrate the phasing relay for the specified overvoltage close value. 11. Set and calibrate the restraining relay for the specified time delay and instantaneous current trp values. 12, With proper voltage on the transformer side only, the protector shall close. 18. Confirm operating hancle postions. In the handle-open position, a closed protector shall open and remain open. In the handle-closed position, the protector shall close and shall permit the relays to open the protector but not reclose it. In the handle-automatic position, the relays shall control the closing and opening protector operations. 14. Alter all operational tests, record the “as left” number of operations registered on the counter. 18. Perform a phasing check between the unit transformer and collector bus. ‘Submersible Enclosure Performa leak tost of he enclosure, With the protector open, inject nitroger into the test fitting until an internal pressure of 7 psi is reached. Remove the nitrogen supply and observe that the intemal pressure is maintained for one hour. 44 aD | |7.8 Network Protectors (cont,) 4. Test Values fi Insulation resistance of power contact assemblies shall not be less than 1000 megohms, Insulation resistance of control circuit wiring shall not be less than 10 megohms. Resistance of open-type fuses shall be evaluated on a comparative basis. Contact resistance shall be in accordance with manufacturer's data. In the absence of specific data, the evaluation may be conducted on a comparative basis. Minimum voltage required to operate the shunt-trip device for effective tripping of the network protector shall not exceed seven and one-half percent (7 1/2%) of rated control circuit voltage. Minimum acceptable motor closing voltage shall not exceed seventy-three Percent (73%) of rated control circuit voltage.7.9 Protective Relays 1 2. Visual and Mechanical Inspection 1. Inspect relays for physical damage and compliance with drawings and specifications. 2. _ Inspect cover gasket for proper seal: clean coverglass; check for foreign material, Particularly in disc slots of permanent and electromagnets; check disk clearance: check condition of spiral spring and case contacts. 8. Check for freedom of movement, proper travel and alignment, and tightness of ‘mounting hardware and tap plugs. 4, Set relays in accordance with ownerlengineer's provided settings. Electrical Tests Perform insulation-resistance test on each circuit-to-frame. Do not perform this, test on solid-state devices, 2, Perform the following tests on the nominal settings specified by the owner/user's electrical engineer: 1. Pickup parameters on each operating element. 2, Perform timing test at two (2) points on time-current curve, 3. Pickup target and seat-in units, 4. Special tests as required to check operation of restraint, directional, and other elements per manufacturers instruction manual. 3. Perform phase-angle and magnitude contribution tests on all differential and directional-type relays after energization to vectorially prove proper polarity and connection. 48 & ‘nce1 | 7.10 Instrument Transiormers isual and Mechanical Inspection Inspect for physical damage and nameplate information for compliance with drawings and specifications. 2. Verity proper connection of transformers with system requirements 3. Verity tightness of all boited connections and assure that adequate clearances | exist between primary circuits and secondary circuit wiring, 4. Veytatalrentedgeundngand strip eomecons ova radon 5. Testproperoperation of transformer withdrawal mechanism (tip out) and grounding operation when applicable. 6. Verify proper primary and secondary fuse sizes for potential transformers, | y 2. Electrical Tests - Current Transformers 1. Performinsulation-resistance test ofthe current transformer and witing-to-ground at 1000V do. Do not perform this test on solid-state devices. | 2, Perform a polarity test of each current transformer. Perform a ratio-verification test using the voltage or current method in accordance with ANSI C57.13.1 Perform an excitation test on transformers used for relaying applications in accordance with ANSI C57.13.1 Measure relaying circuit burdens at transformer terminals and determine the total burden in ohms at 60Hz, When applicable, pertormn insulation-resistance and dielectric withstand tests on the primary winding with secondary grounded. Test voltages shall be per Table 7.1.1 and 7.10.1 respectively. 3. Electrical Tests - Voltage Transformers 1 Perform insulation-resistance tests winding-o-winding and windings-to-ground. ‘Test voltages shallbe applied for one (1) minute in accordance with Table 7.1.1 Do not perform this test with solid-state devices connected. Perform a polarity test on each transformer to verify the polarity marks or H1-X1 relationship as applicable,7.10 Instrument Transformers (cont.) 4 3. Performa ratiotest usinga transformer-tums-ratio lest set orby voltage comparison method. 4, Perform a dielectric withstand test on the primary windings with the secondary windings connected-to-ground, The dielectric voltage shall be in accordance with Table 7.10.1 and applied for one (1) minute. Test Values 1. _Insulation-resistance measurement on any instrument transformer shall be not Jess than that shown in Table 7.1.1. 2, Performa burden/saturation calculation on current transformers suppiying relaying circuits. 3. Ratio accuracies shallbe within 0.5%ofnameplate or manufacturer's spect 4. Withstand tests shall be evaluated as pass/ail, 48 eeTable 7.10.1 INSTRUMENT TRANSFORMER DIELECTRIC TEST VOLTAGE. Test - Dielectric Withstandability Nominal System BIL Field Test Voltage | Voltage (kv) (kV) ac de 24 45 11.3 15 y 48 60 143 19 8.32 75 195 26 ‘ 138 95 255 34 13.8 110 255 4 25 125 30.0 40 25 180 875 50 , 34.5 150 375 50 34.5 200 525 70 46 250 13 + ce) 69 360 105 + 115 450 138 + 115 550 172 + 138 550 172 + 138 650 206 + 161 650 208 + 161 750 243 + 230 900 296 + 230 1050 345 + Table 7.10.1 is derived from paragraph 8.8.2 and tables 2 and 7 of ANSI/IEEE C57.13, “Standard Requirements for Instrument Transtormers.”7.11 Metering and Instrumentation 1. Visual and Mechanical Inspection 1 & Examine all devices for broken parts, shipping damage, and tightness of connections. Verity that meter types, scales, and connections are in accordance with drawings and speci 2, Electrical Tests 1 2, 3. 7.12 Reserved Determine accuracy of meters at 25/50/75/100% of full scale. Calibrate watthour meters to one-half percent (0.5%). Verity all instrument multipliers. Gy 507.13 Grounding Systems ; 1 2 3 ( )) 5 ) ©) Visual and Mechanical Inspection Inspect ground system for compliance with drawings and specifications, Electrical Tests (Small Systems) Perform ground-impedance measurements utilizing the fall-of-potential method per ANSVIEEE Standard 81 “IEEE Guide for Measuring Earth Resistivity, Ground Impedance, and Earth Surface Potentials of a Ground System.” Instrumentation utilized shall be as defined in Section 12 of the above guide and shall be specifically designed for ground impedance testing. Provide sufficient spacing so that plotted curves flatten in the 62% area of the distance between the item under test and the current electrode. Electrical Tests (Large Systems) When sufficient spacing of electrodes per 7.13.2 is impractical, perform ground- impedance measurements utilizing either the intersecting curves method or the slope method. (Ref. Nos. 40 and 41 in IEEE Std. 81.) Equipment Grounds Ulilize two-point method of IEEE Std. 81. Measure between equipment ground being tested and known low-impedance grounding electrode or system, Test Values ‘The main ground electrode system impedance-to-ground shouldbe no greaterthan five (5) ohms for commercial or industrial systems and one (1) ohm or less for generating stations, transmission stations, and large industrial systems. Equipment grounds, depending on size andlength of grounding conductor, shouldbe only fractionally higher than system ground,7.14 Ground-Fauk Sys! is (NEC 230-95} 1. Visual and Mechanical Inspection 1. Inspect for physical damage and compliance with drawings and specifications. 2. — Inspect neutral main bonding connection to assure: 1. Zero-sequence sensing system is grounded, 2. Ground-strap sensing systems are grounded through sensing device. 3. Ground connection is made ahead of neutral disconnect link on zero- sequence sensing systems, 4, Grounded conductor (neutral) is solidly grounded. 3. _ Inspect control power transformer to ensure adequate capacity for system, 4, Manually operate monitor panels (if present) for QO 1. Triptest 2, No trip test 3. Nonautomatic reset 5. _ Record proper operation and test sequence & 6. Set pickup and time-delay settings in accordance with the settings provided by the ownerlusers electrical engineer. 2, Electrical Tests 1. Measure system neutral insulation resistance to ensure no shunt ground paths exist. Remove neutral-ground disconnect link. Measure neutral insulation resistance and replace link. - 2. Determine the relay pickup current by current injection at the sensor and operate the circuit interrupting device, 3. Test the relay timing by injecting three hundred percent (300%) of pickup current, or as specified by manufacturer. 4, Test the system operation at fity-seven percent (57%) rated control voltage, it applicable. 5. Test zone interlock systems by simultaneous sensor current injection and | monitoring zone blocking function. 6 On muttiple source, tie breaker, etc., systems, devise a simulation scheme that fully proves correct operation. 524 ALTERNATORS : OVERLOAD : UNBALANCE (Négative sequence) DIFFERENTIAL PROTECTION SHORT CIRCUIT: EARTH FAULT : FEED BACK OVERPOWER DIESEL : TURBINE (Gas or steam) : STATOR EARTH FAULT OVER FREQUENCY : UNDER FREQUENCY : MOTORS SHORT CIRCUIT: LOCKED ROTOR OVERLOAD : NEGATIVE SEQUENCE : PUMP UNPRIMING : NUMBER OF STARTS : DIFFERENTIAL PROTECTION EARTH FAULT : OVERVOLTAGE UNDERVOLTAGE Ire in Ir= 10% In t= 2 sec, I= 20% In t= 0,1 sec, Ir<3in t= 0,4 seo. (See Selectivity) Ir> 1,3 1 cap. 1 sec. between 5 to 20 % 5% .5 Sec, O5t01A t= Instantaneous. 2 Hz above F nom (62 Hz) 2Hz under F nom. (48 Hz) Ir> 4,1 Starting current In < Ir< Starting current Ir= In motor 0% In t= 2sec, lo < Ir< In (10 to 20 % In) > priming time of the pump 2 consecutive - 4 maxi in 1 hour Ir=0,2In 1= 0,1 sec. I> 1,31 cap Ur=4,2Un. t=5 sec. Ur< or = to 0,8 Un t= 0,3 sec.7.14 Ground-Fault Systems (NEC 230-95) (cont,) 3 Test Parameters 1 System neutral insulation shall be a minimum of one hundred (100) ohms, Preferably one (1) megohm or greater. Relay timing shail be in accordance with manufacturer's published time-current Characteristic curves but in no case longér than one (1) second for fault currents equal to or greater than 3,000 amperes, Relay pickup value shall be within 4/-10% of setting and in no case greater than 12004,7.45 * Optional Rotating Machinery A AC Motors 1 Visual and Mechanical Inspection 1. _ Inspect for physical damage and compare nameplate data with drawings and specifications. 2. Inspect for proper anchorage, mounting, grounding, connection, and lubrication, 3. When applicable, perform special tests such as air gap spacing and Pedestal alignment. 4. Check for unusual mechanical or electrical noise or signs of overheating during initial test run, Electrical Tests - Induction Motors 1. Perform insulation-resistance tests in accordance with ANSVIEEE Std. 43, Motor Larger than 200 HP - Test duration shall be ten minutes with resistances tabulated at thirty seconds, one minute, and ten minutes, Dielectric absorption ratio and polarization index will be calculated. Motor 200 HP and Less - Test duration shall be one minute with resistances tabulated at thirty and sixty seconds. The dielectric absorption ratio will be calculated, 2. Perform de overpotential tests on motors rated at 1000 HP and greater, and +4000 volts and greater in accordance with ANSVIEEE Std. 96. Perform insulation power-tactor or dissipation-factor tests. *4, Perform surge comparison tests. 5. _ Performinsulation-resistance test onpedestalpermanutacturerinstructions. 6. Inspect and test surge-protection devices in accordance with Section 7.19 7. Test motor starter in accordance with Section 7.16 of this specification prior to energizing the motor. 8 Check resistance temperature detector (RTD) circuits for conformance with Grawings. Check hat metering or relaying devices using the RTD'sare of the proper rating, 54 { i7.18 Rotating Machinery (cont) * Optional 3, 9. After checking differential relays in accordance with Section 7.9 and differential current transformer circuits in accordance with Section 7.10 of this specification, perform a system test of the differential scheme by primary injection, 10. Check that the motor space heater circut is in proper operating condition and in accordance with drawings and specifications. 11. Check all protective devices in accordance with other sections of these specifications. 42. Perform a rotation test to ensure proper shaft direction, 18, Measure running current and evaluate relative to load conditions and nameplate full-load amperes. "14. Perform vibration tests: Motors Larger than 200 HP - Perform vibration base-tine test. Amplitude shall be plotted versus frequency. Motors 200 HP and Less - Perform vibration and amplitude test Electrical Tests - Synchronous Motors 1. Perform all tests as indicated in Section 7.15.1.2 for induction motors. °2. Perform a voltage-drop test on all salient poles. 3, Perform insulation-resistance tests on the main rotating field winding, the exciter field winding, and the exciter armature winding in accordance with ANSI/IEEE Std. 43, Perform a high-potential test on the excitation system in accordance with ANSWIEEE Std. 4218. 5. Measure and record resistance of motor-field winding, exciter-stator winding, exciter-rotor winging, and field-discharge resistors. Compare measured values to manufacturer specifications. Perform front-to-back resistance tests on diodes and gating tests of SCR's {or field application semiconductors. 7. Prior to initial start, apply rated voltage to the ex: exciter field current to nameplate value. ter supply and adjust7.15 Rotating Machinery (cont.) 8. Check that both the field application time-delay relay and the powertactor & relay enable time-delay relay have been tested and set to the motor drive manufacturer's recommended values. 8. Recordstatorcurrent, stator voltage, and field current by strip chart recorder for the complete acceleration period including stabilization time for a normally loaded starting condition. From the recording determine the following information 4. Bus voltage priorto start 2. Voltage drop at start. 3. Bus voltage at motor fulMload. 4. Locked-rotor current. 5. Current after synchronization but before loading, : 6. Fulhload current, 7. Acceleration time to near synchronous speed 8. RPM just prior to synchronization, 9. Field application time 6 eS 10. Time to reach stable synchronous operation. fifty percent (50%) load to check proper exciter operation. “11. range of exciter adjustment and motor loading permit, reduce excitation to cause power factor to fall below the trip value of the power-factor relay. Check relay operation a 4. Test Values 1. Perform insuiation-resistance tests at the test voltage listed in Table 10.2. ~ Investigate dielectric absorption ratios less than 1.4 and polarization index ratios less than 1.5 for Class A insulation and 2.0 for Class B insulation. NOTE: Overpotential, high-potential, and surge-comparison tests shall not “10. Plot a V-curve of stator current versus excitation current at approximately | be made on motors having values lower than those indicated above. Optional 56* Optional 2, 5 Rotating Machinery (cont,) 2. Stator winding de overpotential test voltage shall be in accordance with NEMA publication MG1 paragraph 3.01.L. Test results are dependent on ‘ambient conditions and evaluationison a withstand basis. If phase windings can be separately tested, values of leakage current may be compared for similar windings, 3. Vibration amplitudes shall not exceed valves shown in Table 7.15.1. 4, Salient pole voltage drop should be equal for each pole. Investigate values that differ by more than ten percent (10%). DC Motors: 1. Visual and Mechanical Inspection 1. _ Perform inspection and tests as outlined in Section 7.15.1.1 for ac motors. 2. _ Inspect brushes and brush rigging, 2. Electrical Tests 1. Perform insulation-resistance tests on ai ANSI/IEEE Std. 43. windings in accordance with Motors Larger than 200 HP - Test duration shall be ten minutes with Fesistances tabulated at thirty seconds, one minute, and ten minutes. Calculate dielectric absorption ratio and polarization index. Motors 200 HP andLess- Test duration shallbe one minute with resistances tabulated at thirty and sixty seconds. Calculate the dielectric absorption ratio, 2, Perform high-potential test in accordance with NEMA MGt paragraph 3.011, "3. Perform a voltage-drop test on all field poles. '4. Perform insulation power-tactor or dissipation-tactor tests. 5, Measure armiature running current, anc field current or voltage. Compare to nameplate. 6 Perform vibration tests: Motors Larger than 200 HP - Perform vibration base-line test. Amplitude shall be plotted versus frequency. Motors 200 HP and Less - Perform vioration amplitude test.7.15 Rotating Machinery (cont.) 7. Check all protective devices in accordance with other sections of these specifications. 3. Test Values 1. Perform insulation-resistance tests at the test voltage listed in Table 10.2, Investigate dielectric absorption ratios less than 1.4 and polarization index ratios less than 1.5 for Class A insulation and 2.0 for Class B insulation, NOTE: Overpotential, high-potential, and surge-comparison tests shall not be made on motors having values lower than those indicated above. 2. Overpotential test voltage shall be in accordance with NEMA MG-1 Paragraph 3.01.L. Evaivation shall be on a withstand basis. 3. Vibration amplitudes shai! not exceed values shown in Table 7.15.1 Table 7.15.1 MAXIMUM ALLOWABLE VIBRATION Speed Amplitude RPM Inches Peak-to-Peak 3000 and above 0.001 1500-2999 0.002 1000-1498 0.0025 999 and below 0.003 NEMA Standard 7-16-19697.16 Motor control (cont.) pe 4. Overloadtrip times, ground-fautt pickup, and ground-fault triptimesto be per 2 manufacturer's published data, Investigate resistance deviations of more than 15% between identical fuses i or consult manufacturer. 2. Low-Voltage I 1, Visual and Mechanical inspection 1. Inspect for physical damage, proper anchorage, and grounding. 2. Inspect equipment for compliance with drawings and specifications. Ty 3. Motor-running protection 1. Compare overload heater rating with motor ful-ioad current rating to i verity proper sizing. (Adjust as necessary if power factor correction . capacitors are connected on load side of heaters.) 2, If motor-running protection is provided by fuses, verity proper rating considering motor characteristics and power-factor correction capacitors if applicable 3. Check tightness of bolted connections using calibrated torque wrench. ) 2. Electrical Tests 1. Insulation tests: 1. Measure insulation resistance of each bus section phase-to-phase and phase-to-ground for one (1) minute, Test voltage shall be in fe) accordance with Table 10.2 2, Measure insulation resistance of each starter section phase-to-phase and phase-lo-ground with the starter contacts closed and the protective device open. Test voltage shall be in accordance with Table 10.2, 3. Measure insulation resistance of each control circuit with respect to Ground. Refer to Table 7.1.1 and Section 7.16.2. | 2, Test motor overload units by injecting current through ovetload unit and monitoring trip time at three hundred percent (300%) of motor fulkload current | NOTE: Test times will, in general, be longer than manufacturer's curve it single-pole testing is performed. Optionally test with all poles in series for time test and each pote separately for comparison. at7.16 Motor control (cont,) 3. Test molded-case breakers per Section 7.6.1.1. 4. Perform operational tests by initiating control devices to affect proper operation. 3. Test Values 1. Bol-torque levels shall be in accordance with Table 10.1 unless otherwise specified by manufacturer. 2. _Insulation-resistance test results shall conform with Table 10.2. 3. Control wiring-insulation test voltage shall be 1000V de. Manufacturer shall be consulted for test voltage where solid-state control devices are utilized. 4, Perform overload tests at three hundred percent (300%) of motor fullload current. Trip times shall be in accordance with manufacturer's tolerances. Investigate values in excess of one hundred twenty (120) seconds. 4) TAT Reserved &7.18 Battery Systems Visual and Mechanical inspection 1. Visual and Mechanical inspection 1. Inspect for physical damage and evidence of corrosion. 2. Check intercell bus link integrity. 3. Confirm that installation complies with drawings and specifications. Electrical Tests - Referto ANSIIEEE Standard 450 (lead) or ANSVIEEE Standard 1106 (nickel-cadmium). 1. Measure bank charging voltage and each individual cell voltage. 2. Measure electrolyte specifi gravity and visually check fil evel. 3. Perform an integrity load test. 4. Verity proper charging rates from charger during recharge mode. 5. Verity individual cell acceptance of charge during recharge mode. Test Values Compare measured values to manutacturer's specifications.7.19 Surge Arresters (cont) 2. 5. Varistor Surge Protective Devices 1 Perform clamping voltage test in accordance with ANSWIEEE Standard 62.33, Section 4.4 2 Perform rated RMS voltage test and rated de voltage test in accordance with ANSIIEEE Standard C62.33, Section 4.7. Medium. and High-Voltage Surge-Protection Devices 1. Visual and Mechanical Inspection 1. _ Inspect for physical damage. 2. Compare nameplate information with drawings and specications, Inspector proper mounting, adequate clearances, and short lead lengths 4 Check tightness of connections by using calibrated torque wrench, Reler to manufacturer's instructions or Table 10.1 for proper torque levels 8. Check ground lead on each device for individual attachment to ground bus or ground electrode. © Verity that stoke counter is properly mounted and electrically connected 2. Electrical Tests 1. Test grounding electrode in accordance with Section 7.19.2 of this specification, 2. Perform an insulation power-factor test 3. Perform an insulation-esistance test. Use manufacturer's values o Table 10.2 3. Silicone-Carbide Arresters Perform RF noise test using a radio interference voltage test set. RIV must Op pat more than 10 microvolts above background, wth an applied voltage 011-18 times maximum continuous operating voltage (MCOV). 2. Perlorm de voltage rise test to flashover value, terminate test immediately tion Hlashover. Flashover voltage should approximate the calculated 60 hertz RMS sparkover equivalent,7.20 Capacitors 1 Visual and Mechanical Inspection 1. 2, 'nspectcapacttors forphysicaldamage, proper mounting, and required clearances, ‘Compare nameplate information with drawings and specitications, Verity that capacitors are electrically connected in the proper configuration, Inspect all bus or cable connections for tightness by using calibrated torque wrench, Refer to manufacturers instructions or Table 10.1 for proper torque ievels Electrical Tests 1, Test Perform insulation-resistance tests from pole(s) to case for one (1) minute. Test voltage and minimum resistance shall be in accordance with manufacturer's instructions or Table 10.2. Measure the capacitance of all pole-to-pole combinations and compare with ‘manufacturer's published data. Verity that internal discharge resistors are operating property. Values Bolttorque levels shal be in accordance with Table 10.1 unless othemise specified by manufacturer. Insulation-resistance values less than Table 10.2 shall be investigated. Capacitance values differing more than plus fiteen percent (+15%) from manufacturer's published data shall be investigated Pesidlual volage of a capacitor shall be reduced to 50 volts in the following time intervals ater being disconnected from the source of supply Rated Voltage Tims = 600V 1 minute > 800V 5 minutes7.18 Surge Arresters (cont) 4 Melal-Oxide Arresters 1 Perform RF noise test using a radio interference voltage test set. RIV must be not more than 10 microvolts above background with an applied voltage of 1.18 times maximum continuous operating voltage (MCOV). Perform leakage current and watts-loss tests. Note: Do not periorm de voltage rise to flashover tests on metal-oxide arresters; damage will result due to the linearity of metal-oxide elements. 667.21 Outdoor Bus Structures 1 2 a Visual and Mechanical Inspection 1 2. Inspect bus arrangement for compliance with drawings. Examine bus and supports for defects, such as cracked welds, chipped Porcelains, etc. Checktightness of accessible bolted bus joints by using calibrated torque wrench, Refer to manufacturer’ instructions or Table 10.1 for proper torque levels. Electrical Tests 1 Test Insulation-Resistance Test Measure insulation resistance of each bus phase-lo-phase and phase-to-ground for one (1) minute. Test voltage and minimum acceptable values in accordance with Table 10.2, Overpotential Test Perform overpotential test on each bus phase-to-ptiase and phase-lo-ground. Potential application shall befor one (1) minute. Test voltage shall be accordance with Table 10.4 or manufacturer's recommendations. Measure resistance of bus section joints with low-resistance ohmmeter. Values Bolt-torque levels shall be in accordance with manufacturer's recommendations or Table 10. Minimum insulation-resistance shall be in accordance with Table 10.2. Overpotential test voltage shall be in acoordance with Table 10.4 evaluated as passifall. Compare measured bus connector joint resistance to calculated resistance of bus. Investigate resistances above one hundred fifteen percent (115%) of calculated value. 687.22 Emergency Systems 1 Engine Generator - (Prime mover is not addressed in this specification.) 1.Visual and Mechanical Inspection 3. 1. _ Inspect for physical damage. 2. Compare nameplate information and connection with drawings and specications. 3. _ Inspect for proper anchorage and grounding, Electrical and Mechanical Tests 1. Perform an insulation-resistance test on generator winding with respect to ground in accordance with ANSV/IEEE Std. 43. Determine polarization index, 2. Test protective relay devices in accordance with applicable sections ofthese specifications, 3. Performphase rotation testto determine compatibilty with load requirements, 4. Functionally test engine shutdown for low oil pressure, overtemperature, overspeed, and other features as applicable. 5. _ Perform vibration base-line test. Plot amplitude versus frequency for each main bearing cap, Perform load bank test in accordance with the following schedule: 25% rated for 30 minutes 50% rated for 30 minutes 75% rated for 30 minutes 100% rated for 3 hours Record voltage, frequency, load current, oll pressure, and coolant temperature at periodic intervals during test. Test Values 1. Perform an insulation-resistance test at voltage listed in Table 10.2 Polarization index values shall be in accordance with IEEE Standard 43. Vibration levels shall not exceed manufacturer's recommendations. 3. _Loadtestresutts shall demonstrate the abiity of he unit to deliver rated load for the test period,7.22 Emergency Systems cont.) 2, 3. Reserved Reserved Automatic Transter Switches 1. Visual and Mechanical Inspection 1 Inspect for physical damage. 2. Compare nameplate information and connections to drawings and specifications. 3. Check tightness of all control and power connections. 4, Perform manual transter operation. 5. Confirm proper lubrication. Check switch to ensure positive mechanical interlock between normal and alternate sources, Insure manual transfer wamings are attached and visible. 8. Check that all covers, barriers, and doors are secure. Electrical Tests 1. Perform insulation-resistance tests phase-to-phase and phase-to-ground with switch in both source positions. 2. Perform a contact-resistance test across all main contacts. 3. Verity settings and operation of control devices in accordance with the specifications of the owneriuser’s electrical engineer. 4, Calibrate and test all relays and timers including voltage and frequency- sensing relays, in-phase monitor (synchronism check), engine start and cooldown timers, transfer and retranster timers, etc. 5. Pertorm automatic transfer tests: 1. Simulate loss of normal power. 2. Return to normal power. 3. Simulate loss of emergency power. 4, Simulate all forms of single-phase conditions. 707.22 Emergency Systems (cont,) 6 Monitor and verity correct operation and timing ofthe following simulations: 1. Normal voltage-sensing relays, 2. Engine start sequence. 3. Time delay upon transfer. 4. Alternate voltage-sensing relays. 5. Automatic transfer operation. 6. _Interlocks and limit switch function, 7. Time delay and retranster upon normal power restoration. 8. Engine cooldown and shutdown feature. 3. Test Values 1 insulation-resistance test voltages and minimum values shall be in ‘accordance with Table 10.2. Determine contact resistance in microhms. Investigate any value exceeding 500 microhms orany values which deviate fromadjacentpoles by more than fitty percent (50%) ”7.23 Reserved 7.24 Automatic Circuit Reclosers and Line Sectionalizers i ‘Automatic Circuit Reclosers - Medium-Vottage - Oil and Vacuum 1 Visual and Mechanical Inspection 1 5, Inspect for physical damage and compare nameplate data with plans and specifications. Inspect for anchorage, alignment, and grounding. Perform all mechanical operation and contact alignment tests on both the recloser and its operating mechanism in accordance with manufacturer's instructions. ‘Check tightness of bolted connections by using calibrated torque wrench, Refer to manufacturer's instructions for torque values or Table 10.1. Inspect for proper insulating-fiuid level. Electrical Tests 1 2. 10, Measure contact resistance. ‘Sample insulating fluid, Sample shall be laboratory tested for: 1. Dielectric breakdown voltage: ASTM D-877 2. Color: ASTM D-1500 3. Visual condition: ASTM D-1524 Perform test for minimum trip current value. Test for number of operations to lockout. ‘Test for adherence to time-current curves. Test all solid-state or electromechanical relays per Section 7.9 of these specifications. Test all metering and instrumentation per Section 7.11 of these specications. Perform integrity test on each vacuum bottle, if applicable, in accordance with manufacturer's instructions. Trip and close by operation of each protective device. Perform ac or de overpotential test on each pole-to-ground and pole-to-pole with recloserin closed position, 727.24 Automatic Circuit Raclosers and Line Sectionalizers (cont.) 1 2. 13 14, 3. Test *5, *6. 2. Automatic Perform insulation-resistance test on all control wiring at 1000 volts de. Do not perform this test on wiring connected to solid-state components. Perform overall power-factor test. Perform power-tactortest on each bushing equipped with power-factortaps. Use hot-collar method if taps are not available. Test all current and/or voltage transformers in accordance with Section 7.1 of these specifications. Values Investigate any contact resistance value greater than 500 microhms or that deviates by more than 50% from adjacent poles or similar units. Overpotential test values shall be in accordance with Table 10.4 and evaluated as passtall Insulating liquid tests shall comply with Table 7.2.2. Controt wiring insulation resistance shall be one (1) megohm minimum. Overall power-factor test values shail include open-recloser losses, closed- recloser power factors, and tank-loss indexes. Power-actor and capacitance test results shall be within nameplate ratings for bushings. Test values for minimum trip current number of operations to lockout, and timing curves shall be in accordance with nameplate information. Line Sectionalizers - Medium-Voltage - Oi 1. Visual and Mechanical Inspection 2, 3 * Optional Inspect for physical damage and compare nameplate data with drawings and specifications. Inspect for anchorage, alignment, and grounding Perform all mechanical operation and contact alignment tests on both the ‘sectionalizer andits operating mechanismin accordance with manufacturer's instructions.7.24 Automatic Circuit Reciosers and Line Sectionalizers (cont) 4 ‘Check tightness of bolted connections by using calibrated torque wrench. Refer to manufacturer's instructions or Table 10.1 for torque values. Inspect for proper insulating-fluid level, 2. Electrical Tests 1. 2, Measure contact resistance. ‘Sample insulating fluid. Sample shall be laboratory tested for: 1. Dielectric breakdown voltage: ASTM D-877 2. Color: ASTM D-1500 3. Visual condition: ASTM D-1524 Perform ac or de overpotential test on each pole-to-ground and pole-to-pole with recloser in the closed position. Perform insulation-resistance test on all control wiring at 1000 volts dc, Do ot pertorm this test on wiring connected to solid-state components, Test sectionalizer counting function by application of simulated fault current (greater than one hundred sixty percent (160%) of continuous current rating). Test sectionalizer lockout function for all counting positions. Test for reset timing on trip actuator. Performpowier-tactor teston each bushing equipped with power-factortaps. Use hot-collar method if taps are not available. 3. Test Values. 1. Investigate any contact-resistance value greater than 500 microhms orthat deviates by more than 50% from adjacent poles or similar units. Overpotential test values shall be in accordance with Table 10.4 and evaluated as pass/fail Insulating liquid tests shall comply with Table 7.2.2. Control wiring insvlation resistance shall be one (1) megohm minimum. Power-factor and capacitance test results shall be within nameplate ratings for bushings. ‘Test values for number of operations to lockout shallbe in accordance with nameplate information, 74 87.25 Fiber-Optic Cables 1. Visual and Mechanical Inspection 1. Inspect cables for physical damage and proper connection in accordance with single-tine diagram. 2. _ Inspect splices and connectors for physical damage and proper connection in accordance with single-line diagram. 2. Field Test “1. Perform cable length measurement and detect fiber fractures or other detects through analysis of the backscattering signal with an optical time domain reflectometer (OTDR). Perform a continuity test to detect splice fractures or other defects through analysis of the backscattering signal using the OTDR. "3. Perform attenuation measurement of the cable loss with a multimode optical loss test set (MOLTS) Perform attenuation measurement of losses at each splice and connector. 3. Test Values 1. Attenuation measurement (losses) shall be expressed in dB, test to be performed at a propagation velocity of 830nm (1,300nm optional) Bandwidth measurement shall be expressed in MHZ/KM, test to be performed at {a propagation velocity of 830nm (1,300nm optional),8 ‘SYSTEM FUNCTION TESTS 84 General i Perform system function tests upon completion of equipment tests as defined in Section 7. It is the purpose of sysiem function tests to prove the proper interaction of all sensing, processing, and action devices, Implementation 1. Develop test parameters for the purpose of evaluating performance of all integral ‘components and their functioning as a complete unit within design requirements, 2. Test all interlock devices. 3. Record the operation of alarms and indicating devices.9. THERMOGRAPHIC SURVEY & a4 92 93 95 * Optional Visual and Mechanical Inspection 1. Remove all necessary covers p.ior to scanning, 2. _ Inspect for physical, electrical, and mechanical condition Equipment to be Scanned See listing of equipment to be scanned in Section 1.1.6, Provide report indicating the following: 1. Problem area (location of *hot spot") 2, Temperature rise between “hot spot” and normal or reference area 3. Cause of heat rise 4, Phase unbalance, if present 5.A reas scanned Test Parameters 1. Scanning distribution system with ability to detect 1°C between subject area and reference at 30°C, 2 Equipment shalldetect emitted radiation and convert detected radiation to visual signal 5. _ Infrared surveys should be performed during periods of maximum possible loading but mot less than twenty percent (20%) of rated load of the electrical equipment being inspected, Test Results Interpretation of temperature gradients requires an experienced technician, Some general guidelines are: 1. Temperature gradients of 3°C to 7*C indicate possible deficiency and warrant investigation. 2, Temperature gradients of 7°C to 15°C indicate deficiency; repair as time permits 3. Temperature gradients of 16°C andabove incicate major deficiency; repairimmediately ‘4. Provide photographs andlor the thermograms of the deficient area as seen on the imaging system.Table 10.1 U.S. Standard BOLT TORQUE VALUES FOR BUS CONNECTIONS. Heat-Treated Steel - Cadmium or Zine-Plated GRADE SAE SAE SAE SAE | 182 5 6 8 ' minimum \ tensile strength 64K 105K 193k 150K | (PSA) bolt torque (toot pounds) diameter (inches) us 40 56 80 84 ‘ : 56 72 112 15.2 17.6 38 120 20.0 272 29.6 76 192 32.0 44.0 48.0 ve 29.6 48.0 68.0 73.6 ene 42.4 704 96.0 105.6 58 59.2 96.0 133.6 144.0 3/4 96.0 160.0 224.0 236.8 78 182.0 2416 352.0 378.4 1 225.6 3728 528.0 S712 LdTable 10.1 (cont.) BOLT TORQUE VALUES FOR BUS CONNECTIONS Silicon Bronze Fasteners” Torque (Foot Pounds) Diameter NonLubricated Lubricated 5/16 15 10 ae 20 14 ( 12 40 25 5/8 55 40 ) 314 70 60 “Bronze alloy bolts shall have a minimum tensile strength of 70,000 pounds per square inch. Aluminum Alloy Fasteners** - Torque (Foot Pounds) Diameter Lubricated 56 8.0 ; 318 ne 12 20.0 518 32.0 314 48.0 “Aluminum alloy bolts shail have a minimum tensile strength of 55,000 pounds per square inch.Table 10.1 (cont,) BOLT TORQUE VALUES FOR BUS CONNECTIONS: Stainless Stee! Fasteners"** Torque (Foot Pounds) - Diameter Uncoated sie 14 318 5 12 45 58 60 : ara 90 . “bolts, cap screws, nuts, flat washers, locknuts: 18-8 alloy Belleville washers: 302 alloy 80Table 10.2 & INSULATION-RESISTANCE TEST VOLTAGES. FOR ELECTRICAL APPARATUS Recommended Maximum Minimum insulation Voltage Rating Minimum Resistance in of Equipment Test Voltage, de Megohms 250 Volts 500 Voits 25 7 600 Volts 4,000 Volts 400 5,000 Volts 2,500 Volts 4.000 8,000 Volts 2,500 Volts 2,000 15,000 Votts 2,500 Volts 5,000 25,000 Volts 5,000 Volts 20,000 35,000 Volts 15,000 Volts 100,000 46,000 Volts 15,000 Volts, 100,000 69,000 Volts 15,000 Volts 100,000Table 10.4 : OVERPOTENTIAL VOLTAGES FOR ELECTRICAL APPARATUS OTHER THAN INDUCTIVE EQUIPMENT i Nominal Maximum Maximum System (Line) Insulation AC Factory Field Applied Field Applied | Voltage’ (kv) Class Test (kv) AC Test (kV) DC Test (kV) 12 12 10 60 85 24 25 15 2.0 127 48 5.0 19 14 16.4 i? aa a7 2s 188 24 144 150 34 204 26.8 18.0 18.0 40 24.0 33.9 25.0 25.0 50 30.0 424 345 35.0 70 42.0 59.4 46.0 46.0 95 57.0 80.8 ) 69.0 69.0 140 84.0 1188 “Intermediate voltage ratings are placed in the next higher insulation class.7.2 Transformers (cont,) * Optional 2. ‘Transformers - Liquid-Filled 1. Visual and Mechanical inspection 1 2. 9. Compare equipment nameplate information with single-line diagram, Inspect for physical damage, ciacked insulators, leaks, tightness of connections, and general mechanical and electrical conditions. Inspect impact recorder prior to unloading transformer it applicable. Verity removal of any shipping bracing atter final placement Verity proper auxiliary device operation Check tightness of accessible bolted electrical connections in accordance with Table 10.1 Verity proper liquid level in all tanks and bushings. Perform specific inspections and mechanical tests as recommended by manutacturer. Verity proper equipment grounding, 2. Electrical Tests 1 Perform insulation-resistance tests, winding-to-winding, and windings-to- ground, utilizing a megohmmeter with test voltage output as shown in ‘Table 7.2.3. Test duration shallbe for 10 minutes with resistances tabulat at 30 seconds, 1 minute, and 10 minutes. Calculate dielectric absorption ratio and polarization index, Perform aturns-ratio test between windings at alltap positions. The finaltap setting is to be determined by the owner/user's electrical engineer and set by the testing fir, ‘Sample insulating liquid in accordance with ASTM 0-923. Sample shall be laboratory tested for: 1. Dielectric breakdown voltage: ASTM D-877 or ASTM D-1816 2. Acid neutralization number: ASTM D-974 *3. Specitic gravity: ASTM D-1298 4. Interfacial tension: ASTM D-971 or ASTM D-2285