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Chapter - 3 Playing With Numbers

This document discusses key concepts about numbers including factors, multiples, prime and composite numbers. It explains how to determine if a number is divisible by 2, 3, 4, 5, 8, 9, 10 or 11 based on its digits. It also covers the relationships between the sum/difference of numbers being divisible by a number if the original numbers are divisible. Finally, it defines highest common factor and lowest common multiple.

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Ravindra Chowdary Gudapati
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138 views2 pages

Chapter - 3 Playing With Numbers

This document discusses key concepts about numbers including factors, multiples, prime and composite numbers. It explains how to determine if a number is divisible by 2, 3, 4, 5, 8, 9, 10 or 11 based on its digits. It also covers the relationships between the sum/difference of numbers being divisible by a number if the original numbers are divisible. Finally, it defines highest common factor and lowest common multiple.

Uploaded by

Ravindra Chowdary Gudapati
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CHAPTER 3

PLAYING WITH NUMBERS

We have discussed multiples, divisors, factors and have seen how to identify factors and
multiples.
We have discussed and discovered the following:
(a) A factor of a number is an exact divisor of that number.
(b) Every number is a factor of itself. 1 is a factor of every number.
(c) Every factor of a number is less than or equal to the given number.
(d) Every number is a multiple of each of its factors.
(e) Every multiple of a given number is greater than or equal to that number.
(f) Every number is a multiple of itself.
We have learnt that
(a) The number other than 1, with only factors namely 1 and the number itself, is a prime
number. Numbers that have more than two factors are called composite numbers.
Number 1 is neither prime nor composite.
(b) The number 2 is the smallest prime number and is even. Every prime number other than
2 is odd.
(c) Two numbers with only 1 as a common factor are called co-prime numbers.
(d) If a number is divisible by another number then it is divisible by each of the factors of
that number.
(e) A number divisible by two co-prime numbers is divisible by their product also.
We have discussed how we can find just by looking at a number, whether it is divisible by
small numbers 2,3,4,5,8,9 and 11. We have explored the relationship between digits of the
numbers and their divisibility by different numbers.
(a) Divisibility by 2,5 and 10 can be seen by just the last digit.
(b) Divisibility by 3 and 9 is checked by finding the sum of all digits.
(c) Divisibility by 4 and 8 is checked by the last 2 and 3 digits respectively.
(d) Divisibility of 11 is checked by comparing the sum of digits at odd and even places.
We have discovered that if two numbers are divisible by a number then their sum and
difference are also divisible by that number.

Material downloaded from http://myCBSEguide.com and http://onlineteachers.co.in


Portal for CBSE Notes, Test Papers, Sample Papers, Tips and Tricks
We have learnt that
(a) The Highest Common Factor (HCF) of two or more given numbers is the highest of their
common factors.
(b) The Lowest Common Multiple (LCM) of two or more given numbers is the lowest of their
common multiples.

Material downloaded from http://myCBSEguide.com and http://onlineteachers.co.in


Portal for CBSE Notes, Test Papers, Sample Papers, Tips and Tricks

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