SSR/MSSR ATC Radar Series (Raytheon) : Outlook
SSR/MSSR ATC Radar Series (Raytheon) : Outlook
10
0
2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
26 33 33 33 38 38 38 33 18 18
Years
Orientation
Description. The Secondary Surveillance Radars Licensee. No known production licenses have been
(SSR) and Monopulse Secondary Surveillance Radars granted.
(MSSR) are a family of radars produced by Raytheon
Status. In production and in service.
Systems Limited (formally Cossor Harlow and Hughes
Electronics) for air traffic control (ATC) purposes. Total Produced. An estimated 330 radars were pro-
These radars are composed of the SSR 950 radar, the duced through 2000.
SSR 955 radar, the Condor MKII radar, the ASR-11
Digital Airport Surveillance Radar (DASR), and the Application. An advanced air traffic control (ATC)
ATCBI-6 replacement program MSSRs. radar family developed to overcome signal interference
problems in high-traffic densities.
Sponsor
Raytheon Systems Ltd (RSL) Price Range. Contract cost averaging from the 1996
Electronic Systems US FAA and US DoD order indicates a single Condor
The Pinnacles MKII system, including installation and shelter, is
Harlow, Essex CM10 5BB priced at approximately US$2.9 million per unit (1996
United Kingdom dollars).
Tel: +44 1279 26862 The earlier MKI models were priced at approximately
Fax: +44 1279 410413 US$750,000 per unit.
Web site: http://www.raytheon.com
Contractors
Raytheon Systems Ltd (RSL)
Electronic Systems
The Pinnacles
Harlow, Essex CM10 5BB
United Kingdom
Tel: +44 1279 26862
Fax: +44 1279 410413
Web site: http://www.raytheon.com
August 2001
SSR/MSSR ATC Radar Series (Raytheon), Page 2 Electronic Systems Forecast
Technical Data
TM
Cossor Secondary Surveillance Radar (SSR) 950. digital plot extractor interface, and a computerized
The SSR 950 system originally produced by Cossor is management system interface. The interrogator has
made up of the CRS 512 antenna, the SSR 950 been designed to be readily extendible for Mode S
interrogator, and the CVP 250 plot extractor. operation as it becomes fully operational.
CRS 512. The CRS 512 is a large vertical aperture CVP 250 Plot Extractor. The CVP 250 plot extractor
secondary surveillance antenna designed to replace the uses advanced microprocessor technology and includes
familiar linear array, previously the standard SSR extensive self-test and fail-soft features. Monopulse
antenna. The large vertical aperture (measuring 5 feet) data from the SSR 950 are used to compile target
contains a vertical array of radiating elements that reports. The plot extractor is built into the same cabinet
permits additional flexibility in controlling transmit/ as the SSR 950.
receive patterns and improves performance. The
CossorTM Secondary Surveillance Radar (SSR) 955.
CRS 512 conquers gaps in radar coverage and false
The SSR 955, also known as Condor MKI previously
replies due to reflections from local terrain and
produced by Cossor, is a fully sold-state version of the
buildings that were caused by the narrow aperture of
SSR 950. Its components include a modular trans-
linear arrays.
mitter, with a driver module that provides outputs to
The open array format minimizes weight while retaining two identical high-power RF amplifiers. The SSR 955
strength, lowers wind resistance and is capable of is available with the LVA antenna and can be easily
withstanding a wide range of environmental conditions. adapted to the Mode S selective address system (a
Specific areas of application for the CRS 512 include required capability in the US after January 1, 1992).
airfields, where reflection problems can be quite severe,
Condor MKII. The Condor MKII Monopulse Sec-
and long-range surveillance missions, in which superior
ondary Surveillance Radar (MSSR), previously pro-
coverage at low elevation angles is a primary
duced by Cossor, has Mode S performance with the
requirement.
addition of modules to prewired locations. It uses 486
SSR 950 Interrogator. The SSR 950 interrogator was processors on Multibus II and custom-designed very
developed specifically for monopulse operation while large-scale integrated (VLSI) chip technology. All
meeting the requirements of ICAO Annex 10. The system functions may be exercised remotely. Condor II
interrogator includes two matched logarithmic receivers is a third-generation MSSR and provides Modes A, C,
for monopulse operation and a third receiver for and S operations. It combines the proven performance
receiver sidelobe suppression. The SSR 950 features of previous Cossor SSRs/MSSRs with the latest
improved sidelobe suppression (site selectable), pro- hardware technology benefits.
grammable gain time control in range and azimuth, a
August 2001
Electronic Systems Forecast SSR/MSSR ATC Radar Series (Raytheon), Page 3
Log Receivers
Frequency: 1,090 +/- 0.2 MHz
Sensitivity: -90 dBm tangential
Bandwidth (3 dB): 9 MHz
Dynamic range: -16 to -86 dBm
Suppression: Receiver Side Lobe Suppression (RSLS)
Extractors/Plot Processor
Multibus II: 80486 processors
VLSI technology: Monopulse Azimuth Range Code Assembler
Target load: Average 600/scan (120/s) (900/scan option) Peak 350/s
Standby readiness: Software coupled (hardware option)
Extractors/Plot Processor
Video clock I/P: 16 MHz
Decode: Up to 4 overlapping replies
Antenna check: Built-in antenna HPD plotter
Built-in monopulse consistency check: Continuous
Reflection suppression: Fixed and dynamic files
Output formats available: Radar Data Interface Format (RDIF), Asterix
Variants/Upgrades
CossorTM Secondary Surveillance Radar (SSR) 950. radar. It is also fully Mode S compatible. Please note
Developed in the 1960s and first demonstrated in 1970, that there are reportedly three versions of the Condor
the SSR 950 is composed of the CRS 512 antenna, the MKII: the Condor MKII, the Condor MKII - Mode S -
SSR Interrogator, and the CVP 250 Plot Extractor. The Level 2, and the Condor MKII - Mode S - Level 5.
SSR 950 was produced by Raytheons subsidiary Cossor However, these specifications are usually not mentioned
Electronics Ltd. in contract awards and thus all MKII variants are listed
in this report under the designation of MKII, ASR-11, or
CossorTM Secondary Surveillance Radar (SSR) 955. In
ATCBI-6.
1985 Cossor introduced the SSR 955, an upgraded, fully
solid-state version of the SSR 950. The SSR 955 is also ASR-11 Digital Surveillance Radar (DASR). The
known as Condor MKI. The systems main application ASR-11 DASR is both the name of a cooperative
is in the Canadian Radar Modernization Program FAA/DoD ATC upgrade and the designation of the
(RAMP). The SSR 955 was produced by Raytheons Condor MKII system that will be procured by the US
subsidiary Cossor Electronics Ltd. DoD. The ASR-11 DASR provides MSSR coverage to
120 miles and Primary Surveillance Radar (PSR) to 60
Condor MKII. The Condor MKII (also known as the
miles. It meets all current FAA, International Civil
Condor 9600) represents the newest generation of the
Aviation Organization (ICAO), and EUROCONTROL
Cossor SSR. It evolved from the SSR 955 and includes
surveillance requirements. Up to 213 ASR-11s are
dual monopulse interrogators and plot extractors,
expected to be procured by the US DoD and US FAA.
control and fault isolation systems, and a large vertical
aperture antenna. The associated display equipment ATCBI-6 MSSRs. The Air Traffic Control Beacon
features the newest high-resolution technology with Interrogator-6 (ATCBI-6) upgrade program is a US
image memory techniques, as well as a CRT that program aimed at modernizing previous ATCBI
consumes less power, and lasts as much as 10 times systems. The MSSR being procured for this program is
longer than existing softer phosphor types. The Condor the Condor MKII.
MKII can be combined with a wide variety of primary
August 2001
SSR/MSSR ATC Radar Series (Raytheon), Page 4 Electronic Systems Forecast
Program Review
Background. Cossor Electronics Ltd, a subsidiary of search systems. Both applications appeared to have
Raytheon Company and now known as Raytheon relatively small procurements.
Systems Ltd (RSL) - Electronics Systems, developed its
The first delivery of the Condor MKII radar went to the
monopulse system in order to attack three problems that
UK in 1992. Since then, Cossor Ltd (now known as
were encountered with standard SSR. These short-
Raytheon Systems Ltd) has secured several lucrative
comings became increasingly evident as air traffic
contracts for MSSR equipment. In 1993, India
became denser and a heavier reliance was placed on
reportedly chose Cossors/Raytheons Mode-S capable
processed secondary radar data for air traffic control
MSSR MKIIs, along with various other equipment, for
(ATC) because it was able to provide positive height
installation in its Bombay and Delhi airports. Although
and identity data.
the amount ordered is unknown, the two airports were
The identified problems associated with the display expected to be operational by 1996. In 1994, The Hong
screen were 1) track wander, caused by signal inter- Kong government reportedly awarded Cossor/Raytheon
ference, 2) garbling of close flying aircraft, making it a contract for three MSSRs and other various ATC
difficult to make separate identifications, and 3) false equipment for the Chek Lap Kok and Kai-Tak airports.
targets caused by nearby objects reflecting the radar
An Australian contract, valued at approximately
signals. As a result of these problems, ATC operations
US$100 million, was awarded in 1995 for the setup of
had to provide large aircraft flight path separations
the Royal Australian Air Forces ATC system
which, in turn, meant longer times spent in loiter prior to
designated the Australian Defence Air Traffic System
landing and higher fuel consumption.
(ADATS). This contract called for seven primary
The track wander problem was overcome by the SSR radars, eight radar and flight data processing centers, 11
monopulse system implementation concept. Instead of ATC switches, and seven Condor MKII MSSRs. Also
ascertaining bearing by relying on the average of a in 1995, the Brazilian government awarded Cossor/
number of replies, the monopulse concept typically Raytheon a contract for its SIVAM Program. This
needs only one pulse of a single transponder reply, program was to provide surveillance on the entire
largely eliminating the risk of distortion from an Amazon Basin and was worth approximately US$1.2
interruption of the reply pattern. billion. Included in the contract was an order for an
undisclosed number of MKII MSSRs.
The other two problems were addressed by the CVP 250
plot extractor. The extractor can differentiate the replies Cossor/Raytheon delivered 10 MSSRs to Norways
of each aircraft by their signal strengths and arrival Civil Aviation Administration (CAA) in April 1996, as
angles. The extractor is also able to detect and eliminate well as an eleventh MSSR unit to Statoil. These
false signals by reviewing a number of quality deliveries marked the opening of Norways Oslo Center
measurements such as signal strength, multiple as- for Operation.
signment of codes, length of track, and the location of
In December 1996, the US Air Forces Materiel
known reflectors.
Command Electronics Systems Center ordered an
By mid-1985, Cossor/Raytheon had received orders for indefinite quantity/indefinite delivery (ID/IQ) contract
92 SSR 950s. The company then addressed Thomson- for up to 213 radars, including ASR-11 Digital Airport
CSFs turnkey ATC system capability by making the Surveillance Radars (DASRs). Final signing of the
Condor MKII available as part of a total ATC system US$619.9 million contract was delayed until December
(then thought to be dubbed System 2000). System 2000 1996 due to protests lodged by Raytheons competitors.
was expected to take advantage of Raytheons radar However, in December the US General Accounting
design capabilities and previous experience and would Office (GAO) upheld the contract. When it was
include Raytheons ASR-9000 G/H-band primary radar. eventually signed, deliveries were scheduled to begin in
Innovations developed for the Canadian RAMP program 1997 and to be completed around 2007.
were also incorporated.
Raytheon/Cossor also received contracts from the
The UK and Norway ordered this system to form the Cyprus Telecommunications Authority, the Estonian Air
basis of their modern military ATC networks. In the Navigation Services, and China for MKII MSSRs. The
former case, the deployment is in partnership with Cyprus contract, worth about US$2 million, would
Watchman primary radar; the latter the system is supply various ATC equipment, including one MKII
apparently used in conjunction with Giraffe primary MSSR for the Lara airport. Contracts for additional
August 2001
Electronic Systems Forecast SSR/MSSR ATC Radar Series (Raytheon), Page 5
MKII MSSRs were expected to be awarded sometime in its MKII MSSRs for possible use in the Air Traffic
the future. The Estonia contracts were for one MKII Control Beacon Interrogator (ATCBI-6) Replacement
MSSR to be installed in Tallinn, Estonias capital, and program. In August 1998, the FAA awarded Raytheon
another in Martna, the southwest region of Estonia. the contract worth approximately US$180 million to
Finally, China also awarded Cossor/Raytheon a contract produce and install up to 152 MKII MSSRs for the
for an undisclosed amount of MKII MSSRs. ATCBI-6 Replacement program.
In 1997, the Raytheon MSSRs garnered an additional In December 1998, Raytheon announced that its Air
order from China. The Chinese order, worth approxi- Traffic Management/Aeronautical Information Services
mately US$4 million, was deployed at the Guangzhou Data Acquisition Processing and Transfer (ADAPT)
International airport located in the Guangzhou province was operational at the Geneva and Zurich Area Control
of the Peoples Republic of China. Both the primary Centers. Reportedly, MKII MSSRs were part of this
radars (ASR-10SS) and the Condor MKIIs were ATC modernization.
scheduled to be operational in early 1998.
On March 8, 2000, it was announced that the Air-
Later in 1997, Raytheon received a contract from the Material Command of the Royal Danish Air Force
Botswana Department of Civil Aviation for an S-band (Flyvmaterielkommandoen) had awarded RSL a contract
radar and two MKII MSSRs. Raytheon also announced for its Radar Upgrade Program. The contract will
in December 1997 that a new company, Raytheon provide the Royal Danish Air Force with three Condor
Systems Ltd. (RSL), had been created. This new MKII MSSRs and include Mode 4 integration with
company would be further split into two divisions: existing Primary Surveillance Radars (PSRs).
Electronic Systems and Systems Integration. Of these,
The next day, March 9, 2000, RSL announced another
the Raytheon Cossor Harlow and Hughes Microelec-
contract for MKII MSSRs. This award was signed by
tronics Glenrothe operations were combined to form the
RSL with the Civil Aviation Supplies Import and Export
Electronic Systems division.
Corporation (CASC), which was acting on behalf of the
Finally, it was announced in 1997 that RSL would be Civil Aviation Administration of China (CAAC). The
engineering and producing a pre-operational European contract was for the provision of four MSSRs. The four
Mode S MKII MSSR for EUROCONTROL (the radars are scheduled to be installed at Chinas Wuhan,
European ATC Authority). Zhoukou, Shijiazhuang and Shaoguan airports. All four
MSSRs were expected to be commissioned by the end
March of 1998 was a busy month for RSL and the MKII
of 2000.
MSSR systems. On March 26, Raytheon announced
that the US Department of Defense (DoD) and Raytheon It was announced on March 30, 2000 that pre-
Systems Company broke ground on the scheduled production activities involving ASR-11 DASR had been
Digital Airport Surveillance Radar (DASR). DASR is completed, resulting in the start of positive low-rate
located at US Eglin Air Force Base in Florida. Testing initial production (LRIP) of 23 systems ordered Live
and evaluation reportedly took place throughout 1998 at operation of ASR-11 DASR was scheduled to begin in
the airbase. Once this part of the DASR schedule was early summer 2000. The US DoD and FAA are
completed, the US FAAs first site, thought to be expected to procure up to 213 ASR-11 DASRs.
Stockton Municipal Airport in California, was expected
Another order for the Cossor Condor MSSR system was
to be used for continued testing and evaluation (T&E).
placed by the United Arab Emirates (UAE) in July
Also in March 1998, the Department of Civil Aviation 2000. The contract for this system, which is to be
in Jamaica, the Department of Civil Aviation in located at Abu Dhabi International Airport, is valued at
Curacao, and the Princess Juliana International Airport US$4.5million and includes a major part of the
in St. Maarten selected Raytheon to equip them with necessary civil and electrical work associated with the
modern ATC systems. The contract, worth approxi- installation.
mately US$20 million, includes three of Raytheon
Raytheon landed another large order of 50 MSSR
Systems Condor MKII MSSRs.
systems in August 2000. This order is to supply the
China formally accepted RSLs Condor MKII MSSRs in FAA with equipment for its Air Traffic Control Beacon
March 1998 and the Civil Aviation Administration of Interrogator (ATCBI-6) replacement program. De-
China (CAAC) awarded RSL a contract for MSSRs for liveries for this program, which calls for up to 152
installation at Chinas Hangzhou and Shanghai Pudong ATCBI-6s, are scheduled to begin in July 2001.
airports.
Two additional contracts were awarded to Raytheon for
March 1998 ended with the US FAA selecting Raytheon the MSSR system in 2001. In February the UAE placed
Systems Company to test the operational capabilities of an order for its fourth MSSR. This system, which is
August 2001
SSR/MSSR ATC Radar Series (Raytheon), Page 6 Electronic Systems Forecast
intended for use at Tarif in Abu Dhabi, is scheduled to tems are to be added to a network of 41 systems
be installed and operational by February 2002. The previously supplied by Raytheon as part of Canadas
other sale was made to NAV CANADA, Canadas radar moderation program. Installation of these systems
provider for air navigation services. Two MSSR sys- are to completed by mid-2002.
Funding
The Cossor family of air traffic control systems was developed as a private venture using corporate funding. Cossor
is now Raytheon Systems Ltd.
Recent Contracts
Award
Contractor ($ millions) Date/Description
Raytheon $20.0 Mar 1998 The Department of Civil Aviation of Jamaica awarded Raytheon
Systems Ltd Systems a contract for modern radar equipment. RSL will provide three
Condor MKII MSSRs. (Note: two additional Caribbean islands, Curacao
and St. Maarten, added additional orders for MSSRs at this time, or shortly
thereafter.)
Raytheon unknown Mar 1998 The Civil Aviation Administration of China (CAAC) awarded a
Systems Ltd contract for Condor MKII MSSRs for installation at its Hangzhou and
Shanghai Pudong airports.
Raytheon $180.0 Aug 1998 The US FAA awarded RSL up to US$180 million for the
Systems Ltd production and installation of up to 152 MKII MSSRs. This contract is part
of the ATCBI-6 replacement program.
Raytheon unknown Mar 2000 The Air-Materiel Command of the Royal Danish Air Force
Systems Ltd awarded RSL a contract for the provision of three Condor MKII MSSRs.
Delivery and installation date(s) unknown.
Raytheon unknown Mar 2000 The CAAC awarded RSL a contract for the provision of four
Systems Ltd MKII MSSRs for installation in Chinas Wuhan, Zhoukou, Shijiazhuang and
Shaoguan airports. All four systems are expected to be commissioned by the
end of 2000.
Raytheon 4.5 Jul 2000 UAE ordered an off-mounted Cossor Condor MSSR system for
Systems Ltd the Abu Dhabi International Airport. The contract included civil and
electrical work associated with system installation.
Raytheon 18.6 Aug 2000 Contract to supply 50 MSSR systems to the FAA for use in the
Systems Ltd Air Traffic Control Beacon Interrogator (ATCBI-6) replacement program.
Deliveries are scheduled to begin in July 2001.
Raytheon unknown Feb 2001 UAE places another order for a MSSR system. System to be
Systems Ltd installed at Tarif Abu Dhabi. Installation of the system is expected to be
completed by February 2002.
Raytheon 8.5 May 2001 NAV CANADA orders two MSSR systems as part of Canadas
Systems Ltd radar modernization program. Installation of these two systems will be
completed in mid 2002.
Timetable
Year Major Development
FY 1970 Cossor first demonstrates a monopulse SSR
August 2001
Electronic Systems Forecast SSR/MSSR ATC Radar Series (Raytheon), Page 7
Worldwide Distribution
Raytheon claims that at least 30 countries utilize the SSR/MSSR systems. The following countries reportedly have
purchased some form of the Cossor SSR and/or MSSR: Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, Cyprus, Denmark,
Greece, Hong Kong, India, Jamaica, Norway, Oman, Saudi Arabia, Sweden, Switzerland, Trinidad/Tobago,
United Kingdom, and the United States.
Forecast Rationale
The Secondary Surveillance Radar (SSR) and Mono- Throughout the world, air traffic is rising at an
pulse Secondary Surveillance Radar (MSSR) systems exponential rate. Many nations lack the infrastructure to
are a family of advanced air traffic control (ATC) radars manage this increase. In the more modern nations, the
produced by Raytheon Systems Ltd (formally Cossor demand on the existing ATC systems is beginning to
Harlow and Hughes Electronics) for the purpose of exceed their capacities. In Europe and North American
surmounting signal interference problems within regions attempts by organizations such as the US FAA and
having a high volume of air traffic. These systems have EUROCONTROL are taking steps to upgrade current
reportedly been procured by at least 30 nations since systems. An essential part of these air traffic control
their introduction to the world market. modernization efforts is the implementation of sur-
veillance radar systems like the Condor MKII MSSR.
August 2001
SSR/MSSR ATC Radar Series (Raytheon), Page 8 Electronic Systems Forecast
Having one of the largest and most crowded air spaces (COMESA) are able to obtain the political environment
in the world, the US is becoming the top customer of the and economic means to build an ATC infrastructure, the
Condor MKII MSSR. In the US the ASR-11 Digital Condor MKII MSSR will be in high demand.
Airport Surveillance Radar (DASR) and the Air Traffic
With the US placing orders in support of its ATC
Control Beacon Interrogator (ATCBI-6) programs are
modernization programs, the production of the Condor
moving forward. As the ASR-11 begins low-rate initial
MKII MSSR will remain steady throughout the forecast
production (LRIP), a first trench order of 50 MSSR
period. Several additional orders are expected from
systems for the ATCBI-6 program has been placed. A
other nations also involved in ATC modernization
total of 152 MKII MSSRs are expected to be procured
programs. As less developed nations become more
for the ATCBI-6 program and 213 ASR-11 systems are
affluent and air travel to and from those regions
slated for the DASR program.
becomes more popular, the demand for the Condor
In other regions outside North American and Western MKII MSSR will continue to increase.
Europe, there is also a great need for ATC systems like
Note: For a general overview of ATC programs within
the Condor MKII MSSR. Many nations in Africa and
various nations, please see the reports filed under the
Latin America lack the basic infrastructure to provide
Electronic Systems binder Tab C - FAA/ATC Programs.
proper air traffic control. Often pilots are left to their
ATC-Africa, ATC-Eastern Europe, ATC-Latin
own means to control the skies around them. Once
America, ATC-Russia, and EURO-ATC are all
individual nations and multi-national organizations like
covered in the Tab.
the Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa
Ten-Year Outlook
ESTIMATED CALENDAR YEAR PRODUCTION
High Confidence Good Confidence Speculative
Level Level
Total
Designation Application Thru 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 01-10
SSR/MSSR ATC ASR-11 DASR (DOD/FAA) 18 5 15 15 15 20 20 20 15 15 15 155
RADAR SERIES
SSR/MSSR ATC ATCBI-6 UPGRADE 32 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 0 0 120
RADAR SERIES PROGRAM (FAA)
SSR/MSSR ATC MKI ATC RADAR 41 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2
RADAR SERIES (CANADA)
SSR/MSSR ATC MKII ATC RADAR (DANISH 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2
RADAR SERIES ROYAL AIR FORCE)
SSR/MSSR ATC MKII ATC RADAR 46 3 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 29
RADAR SERIES (VARIOUS)
SSR/MSSR ATC Prior Prodn: 192 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
RADAR SERIES
Total Production 330 26 33 33 33 38 38 38 33 18 18 308
August 2001