For Approval For Information

TRANSFORMER SIZING CALCULATION

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Transformer Sizing:
Operating Load on the transformer in KW based on the consumer list output KW 673.7

Input Load on the transformer in KVA based on the consumer list for LC#1 input KVA 781

Lighting load considered in KVA (assumed) 0

Input KVA requirement with lighting load 781

Load factor considered since all equipments will be loaded at 80% approx. 1

Diversity factor considered, since most of the loads are intermittent loads 1

Thus input KVA requirement on the transformer= Input KVA x diversity factor x load factor A= 781

Design margin considered is 20% 1.2

Thus transformer capacity in KVA required based on above parameters =A x 1.2 937.2

Thus transformer size selected in KVA is F= 1000

Check for motor starting condition:

Largest rated motor as per consumer list-LC#1 output KW 90

Largest rated motor as per consumer list-LC#1 output KVA 105.8824

Largest rated motor as per consumer list-LC#1 input KVA B= 112.6408

Starting current of this motor is 720% inclusive of IS tolerance since DOL starting 7.2

Starting KVA requirement =Output KVA x % Starting current C= 762.3529

Loading on transformer with all loads running except highest rated motor KVA D= 668.3592
(A-B)
Loading on the transformer during starting of the largest motor KVA E= 1430.712
(C+D)
Overloading on the transformer during starting condition of largest motor =E/F 1.430712

As per IS-6600, occassional overloads upto 1.5 times the rated value is allowed on transformers of
rated value upto 100MVA. 1

Thus as overloading on the transformer is 1.430712 <1.5, thus the rating selected for transformer is OK.

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Selection of % Z for the transformer:
Transformer rated capacity in MVA= S N= 1

Secondary voltage of the transformer in kV= UN= 0.433

Rated current of the transformer in Amps. Ir= 1333.412

Consider losses in KW PKN= 22

As per IS 2026, for 1000KVA transformer % Z with 10% positive tolerance= 5.50 %

Based on the above % Z, the fault level on PMCC Bus in MVA= 18.18182

Thus fault current on the 415V PMCC Bus in KA with nominal %Z is 24.24385

Voltage drop on PMCC Bus during starting of the largest rated motor:

Considering +10% positive tolerance , % Z is 5.50 %

The largest rated motor KW is 90

Starting current of the largest rated motor in Amps. 1016.53

cos operating (Load) 0.85

sin operating (Load) 0.52

Loading on transformer in KVA with all loads running except largest rated motorKVA 668.3592

I operating based on above loading of transformer in Amps 891.1979

Factor a= I operating/Irated 0.668359

cos starting 0.2

sin starting 0.97
For a given power factor cos the output voltage at the transformer terminals is given by
Ua = UN (1 - U / 100%)
Where U = a.U' + 1/2 . ( a.U'' )2 / 102 + 1/8 ( a.U'' )4 / 106 ...
Where U' = URN. Cos + UXN. Sin and
Where U'' = URN. Sin - UXN. Cos
If rated impedance is less than 20%, then the third sum can be neglected

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URN = PKN/SN.100% 2.20 %
UXN= 5.50 %
UN = U2XN - U2RN = 5.04 %
U' = 4.73 %
U'' = -3.53 %
U = 3.189186
Thus voltage drop at pre loaded bus 3.19 %
Thus the voltage drop at preloaded bus is within 5% and thus % Z selected is OK. 1.00 %

Voltage dip on PMCC pre loaded Bus during starting of the largest rated motor:

Z x ((I operating x sin op.)+ (I starting x sin start.)) 5.98 %

Ir

Thus voltage dip during starting of the largest rated motor is

voltage drop on preloaded bus + voltage dip on starting of the largest rated motor 9.17 %

Thus as the voltage dip during starting of largest rated motor is within 15%, the %Z selected is OK 1

Conclusion:
The transformer selected is 11/0.433KV, 2500KVA, Z=7.5%,OCTC .

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