RED HAT ENTERPRISE LINUX 5, 6, AND 7

KERNEL, BOOT, AND HARDWARE

Common administrative commands TASK RHEL

append 1 or s or init=/bin/bash to kernel cmdline 5 6

Single user/rescue mode
append rd.break or init=/bin/bash to kernel cmdline 7

SYSTEM BASICS JOBS AND SERVICES Shut down system shutdown 5 6

TASK RHEL TASK RHEL poweroff 5 6

/etc/sysconfig/rhn/systemid 5 /etc/syslog.conf 5 Power off system poweroff

7
systemctl poweroff
View subscription /etc/sysconfig/rhn/systemid /etc/rsyslog.conf 6
6
information subscription-manager identity
Configure logging halt 5 6
/etc/rsyslog.conf
subscription-manager identity 7 /etc/rsyslog.d/*.conf Halt system halt
7 7
/var/log/journal systemctl halt
rhn_register systemd-journald.service
5
subscription-manager 1 reboot 5 6
chkconfig --list
rhn_register ls /etc/init.d/
5 6 Reboot system reboot
7
Configure subscription rhnreg_ks 6
List all services systemctl reboot
subscription-manager systemctl -at service
ls /etc/systemd/system/*.service 7 Configure default run /etc/inittab 5 6
subscription-manager 2 7
ls /usr/lib/systemd/system/*.service
level/target
rhn_register 3 systemctl set-default 7
service --status-all 5 6
sosreport List running services /boot/grub/grub.conf 5 6
dmidecode 5 systemctl -t service --state=active 7
hwbrowser Configure GRUB bootloader /etc/default/grub
service name start grub2-mkconfig 7
View system profile 5 6
sosreport service name stop grub-set-default
dmidecode Start/stop service
6 7 systemctl start name.service hwbrowser 5
lstopo 7
lscpu systemctl stop name.service View hardware configured
lshw (in EPEL) 6 7

View RHEL version chkconfig name on

5 6 Configure kernel module modprobe 5 6 7
/etc/redhat-release 5 6 7 chkconfig name off
information Enable/disable service
systemctl enable name.service
7
Configure hardware device udev 5 6 7
systemctl disable name.service
1 Be aware of potential issues when using subscription-manager on Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5:
sysctl -a
https://access.redhat.com/solutions/129003.
service name status 5 6 View kernel parameters cat /proc/cmdline
5 6 7
2 Subscription-manager is used for Satellite 6, Satellite 5.6 with SAM and newer, and Red Hats CDN. View service status
3 RHN tools are deprecated on Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7. rhn_register should be used for Satellite server 5.6 and systemctl status name.service 7 Load kernel module modprobe 5 6 7
newer only. For details, see: Satellite 5.6 unable to register RHEL 7 client system due to rhn-setup package not
included in Minimal installation (https://access.redhat.com/solutions/737373) chkconfig name --list 5 6
Check if service is enabled Remove kernel module modprobe -r 5 6 7
systemctl is-enabled name 7
rpm -q kernel
View kernel version uname -r
5 6 7
chkconfig --add 5 6
Create new service file or
modify configuration systemctl daemon-reload
BASIC CONFIGURATION /etc/systemd/system/*.service
7
FILE SYSTEMS, VOLUMES, AND DISKS
TASK RHEL runlevel
5 6
who -r TASK RHEL
Graphical configuration system-config-* 5 6 View run level/target
systemctl get-default ext3 5
tools 7
gnome-control-center 7 who -r
Default file system ext4 6
system-config-network 5 6 /etc/inittab
5 6
init run_level xfs 7
Configure network nmcli Change run level/target
nmtui 7 systemctl isolate name.target copy data to new file system
7 5
nm-connection-editor systemctl set-default fsck (look for non-contiguous inodes)

Configure system system-config-language 5 6 /var/log 5 6 Defragment disk space copy data to new file system
View logs fsck (look for non-contiguous inodes) 6 7
language localectl 7 /var/log
7 xfs_fsr
journalctl
system-config-date fdisk
5 6 5 6
date add audit=1 to kernel cmdline parted
Configure time and date auditctl
timedatectl /etc/audit/auditd.conf
Create/modify disk
7 fdisk
date Configure system audit /etc/audit/audit.rules 5 6 7 partitions gdisk
7
authconfig parted
ntpdate /etc/pam.d/system-auth
5 6 ssm create
/etc/ntp.conf pam_tty_audit kernel module
Synchronize time mkfs.filesystem_type (ext4, xfs)
and date timedatectl
View audit output aureport /var/log/faillog 5 6 7 mkswap
5 6
/etc/chrony.conf 7
ntpdate Format disk partition mkfs.filesystem_type (ext4, xfs)
cron
mkswap 7
system-config-keyboard 5 6 Schedule/batch tasks at 5 6 7
ssm create
Configure keyboard batch
localectl 7
mount
Find file by name locate 5 6 7
/etc/fstab
5 6
Text-based
system-config-*-tui 5 6 7 Mount storage
configuration tools Find file by characteristic find 5 6 7 mount
/etc/fstab 7
Configure printer system-config-printer 5 6 7 tar ssm mount
Create archive cpio 5 6 7
/etc/ssh/ssh_config zip pvcreate 5 6
Configure SSH /etc/ssh/sshd_config 5 6 7 Create physical volume pvcreate
~/.ssh/config ssh-keygen 7
ssm create (if backend is lvm)
NETWORKING vgcreate 5 6

RESOURCE MANAGEMENT TASK RHEL Create volume group vgcreate

7
ssm create (if backend is lvm)
TASK RHEL iptables and ip6tables
5
/etc/sysconfig/ip*tables lvcreate 5 6
top
ps iptables and ip6tables Create logical volume lvcreate
Configure firewall /etc/sysconfig/ip*tables 6 7
sar ssm create (if backend is lvm)
iostat system-config-firewall
5 vgextend
netstat
firewall-cmd lvextend 5 6
vmstat 7
firewall-config resize2fs
mpstat
numastat
Enlarge volumes formatted
/etc/hosts
/etc/resolv.conf
5 6 with default file system vgextend
top lvextend
7
ps Configure name resolution /etc/hosts
xfs_growfs
sar ssm resize
/etc/resolv.conf 7
iostat nmcli con mod resize2fs
netstat
6 lvreduce 5 6
View system usage ss /etc/sysconfig/network 5 6 Shrink volumes formatted vgreduce
vmstat
mpstat Configure hostname hostnamectl with default file system
XFS cannot currently be shrunk; copy desired data
numastat /etc/hostname 7 7
to a smaller file system.
tuna nmtui
fsck 5 6
top ip addr
ps ifconfig 5 6 Check/repair file system fsck
sar brctl 7
ssm check
iostat
ss 7 View network interface info ip addr /etc/exports
vmstat nmcli dev show 5 6
service nfs reload
mpstat teamdctl 7 Configure NFS share
numastat brctl /etc/exports
7
tuna bridge systemctl reload nfs.service

df 5 /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-* 5 6 /etc/fstab
Mount and activate swap swapon -a
5 6 7
View disk usage df /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-*
6 7 Configure network interface nmcli con [add|mod|edit]
iostat 7 Configure static mounts /etc/fstab 5 6 7
nmtui
Trace system calls strace 5 6 7 nm-connection-editor
View free disk space df 5 6 7
ss
Trace library calls ltrace 5 6 7 lsof 5 6 lvdisplay
netstat lvs
nice View ports/sockets vgdisplay
Change process priority renice
5 6 7 View logical volume info vgs
5 6 7
ss
7 pvdisplay
lsof
Change process run taskset
pvs
5 6 7 ip route add
location
system-config-network showmount -e
5 6 View NFS share mount
5 6 7
kill /etc/sysconfig/route-iface
Kill a process pkill 5 6 7
killall Configure routes ip route add Configure on-demand /etc/auto.master.d/*.autofs
nmcli 5 6 7
auto-mounts /etc/auto.*
nmtui 7
nm-connection-editor chmod
USER MANAGEMENT /etc/sysconfig/route-iface
Change file permissions
chown
5 6 7
chgrp
View routes ip route 5 6 7 umask (future file creation)
TASK RHEL

Graphical user Change file attributes chattr 5 6 7

system-config-users 5 6 7
management SOFTWARE MANAGEMENT Change access control list setfacl 5 6 7

Create user account useradd 5 6 7 TASK RHEL

Delete user account userdel 5 6 7 yum install

yum groupinstall
5 6 SECURITY AND IDENTITY
usermod Install software
View/change user yum install TASK RHEL
/etc/passwd 7
5 6 7 yum group install
account details vipw
/etc/selinux/config
id
yum info chcon
5 6 restorecon
yum groupinfo Configure system security
Create user group groupadd 5 6 7
View software info semanage
5 6 7
yum info setsebool
7
Delete user group groupdel 5 6 7 yum group info system-config-selinux

Change group details

groupmod
5 6 7 Update software yum update 5 6 7 Report on system security sealert 5 6 7
/etc/group
Upgrade software yum upgrade 5 6 7 authconfig
Change user password passwd 5 6 7 LDAP, SSSD, Kerberos authconfig-tui 5 6 7
Configure software authconfig-gtk
usermod subscription-manager repos
5 6 7
Change user permissions 5 6 7 repository /etc/yum.repos.d/*.repo
visudo Network users getent 5 6 7

Change group groupmod

5 6 7 Find file in package rpm -qf filename 5 6 7
yum provides filename-glob
permissions visudo

View software version rpm -q packagename 5 6 7 04/17

Change password policy chage 5 6 7
rpm -qa Copyright 2017 Red Hat, Inc. Red Hat, Red Hat Enterprise Linux, the Shadowman logo,
View user sessions w 5 6 7 View installed software yum list installed
5 6 7 and JBoss are trademarks of Red Hat, Inc., registered in the U.S. and other countries.
Linux is the registered trademark of Linus Torvalds in the U.S. and other countries.