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Group Work

1) A system is a collection of interdependent parts within defined boundaries, and Earth's system consists of four interacting spheres: lithosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere, and atmosphere. 2) Events that occur naturally or due to human activity can cause changes in one or more spheres, and spheres can also impact events. Examples of interactions include a dam altering the lithosphere and hydrosphere, and harnessing water energy at a turbine facility. 3) Understanding sphere interactions helps predict natural disaster impacts and evaluate response options. Students will analyze connections between spheres for a selected event like a volcanic eruption.

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Clifford Tubana
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146 views

Group Work

1) A system is a collection of interdependent parts within defined boundaries, and Earth's system consists of four interacting spheres: lithosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere, and atmosphere. 2) Events that occur naturally or due to human activity can cause changes in one or more spheres, and spheres can also impact events. Examples of interactions include a dam altering the lithosphere and hydrosphere, and harnessing water energy at a turbine facility. 3) Understanding sphere interactions helps predict natural disaster impacts and evaluate response options. Students will analyze connections between spheres for a selected event like a volcanic eruption.

Uploaded by

Clifford Tubana
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Section: EARTH AND LIFE SCIENCE Score:

First Trimester- First Quarter


Hums-R 11 Performance Check 1
Earths Spheres
Group no: Name/s: TOLERO, ALEX; TADIFA, REINA; TORLAO, JOSEPH; TOMEN, HERMAN; Date:

UNTALAN, RAFAELA; TIANAN, IVY; TIBALDO, BANWAR; ULEP, RYAN 08-30-17

Objectives:
a. Understand the concept of a system as it applies to Earth;
b. Identify the 4 spheres of the Earth system;
c. Identify and analyze how matter and energy change and cycle through the system as
the spheres interact; and
d. Analyze an event and present their findings to the class.

A system is a collection of interdependent parts enclosed within a defined boundary.


Within the boundary of the Earth is a collection of four interdependent parts called spheres: the
lithosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere, and atmosphere. The spheres are so closely connected that a
change in one sphere often results in a change in one or more of the other spheres. Such changes
that take place within an ecosystem are referred to as events. Events can occur naturally, such as
an earthquake or a hurricane, or they can be caused by humans, such as oil spill or air pollution.
An event can cause changes to occur in one or more of the spheres, and/or an event
can be the effect of changes in one or more of Earths four spheres. This two-way cause and effect
relationship between an event and a sphere is called an interaction. Interactions also occur among
the spheres. For example, a change in the atmosphere can cause a change in the hydrosphere,
and vice versa. Below are a few examples:
Humans (biosphere) built a dam out of rock materials (lithosphere).
Water in the lake (hydrosphere) seeps into the cliff walls behind the dam, becoming
groundwater (lithosphere), or evaporating into the air (atmosphere).
Humans (biosphere) harness energy from the water (hydrosphere) by having it spin
turbines (lithosphere) to produce electricity.
Understanding the interactions that occur in the Earth System also helps people to
prepare for the effects of natural disasters such as volcanic eruptions, tsunamis, and severe storms.
This understanding allows people to predict things like how far and in what direction the lava will
flow or the storm surge will rise and help them to evaluate their options throughout the time period
of the event.
Source: (URL retrieved from:
https://www.esrl.noaa.gov/gmd/outreach/info_activities/pdfs/Teacher_PSA_sphere_interactions.pdf)
Materials:
Example image of Earth system
List of cause and effect relationships
Computer or research materials access
Procedure:
1. After reading/discussing the information in the introduction section, you are given the
opportunity to put the process to work by analyzing a sample event. (Image/s can be handed out
or projected for the class).
2. Select an EVENT to evaluate from the list provided. Then research about the EVENT and
decide how it may cause a change to each of the spheres (hydrosphere, lithosphere, atmosphere,
biosphere) and how those spheres may impact the event.
Event < > lithosphere
Event < > hydrosphere
Event < > biosphere
Event < > atmosphere
3. Make a connection model like this one to show
and EXPLAIN your ideas.

Reminder: The double-headed arrows ( < >)


indicate that the cause and effect relationships of these
interactions go in both directions. For example, event
hydrosphere refers to the effects of the event on the
hydrosphere, and the effects of the hydrosphere on the event.
4. Refer to the GUIDE QUESTIONS to help you evaluate the cause and effect relationships
relating to your topic.
5. Evaluate and discuss the information you have acquired and write down how your
events will connect the spheres to each other.
lithosphere < > hydrosphere
lithosphere < > biosphere
lithosphere < > atmosphere
hydrosphere < > biosphere
hydrosphere < > atmosphere
biosphere < > atmosphere
Data Analysis: Complete your evaluation/s using the diagram below with EXPLANATIONS for the
connections.
Hydrosphere Atmosphere

A lack of moisture in the soil

Earths water vapour was and in vegetation may have

produced by condensation of provided a dry environment in

volcanic water vapour. which the fires, once burning,

could continue to burn.

Event

Volcanic
Lithosphere Biosphere
Eruption

The force due to the eruption

can change, destroy or create Volcanic eruptions affect

the new type of rock and the biosphere by releasing


landform such as igneous
gas and ash into the air.
rocks.

GUIDE QUESTIONS FOR CAUSE AND EFFECT:


1. How may each of the Earth's four spheres (hydrosphere, atmosphere, lithosphere, and biosphere)
have caused the event to occur? (These are sphere vs. event impacts.)
Magma rises through cracks or weaknesses in the Earth's crust. Pressure builds up inside the Earth. When this pressure is released,
eg as a result of plate movement, magma explodes to the surface causing a volcanic eruption

2. What are the effects of the event on each of the Earth's four spheres (hydrosphere, atmosphere,
lithosphere, and biosphere)? (These are the event vs. sphere impacts.)
Volcanoes affect the hydrosphere in many ways, such as promoting rainfall. After a volcano erupts, condensation forms around the dust
particles it expells, causing rain. This in turn promotes growth of plants in the biosphere. Volcanoes have a positive effect on the
lithosphere; the buried materials, burnt trees and plants caused by the flow of lava help in fertilizing the soil, increasing its nutritive
content. The Earth's lithosphere is made of different structures, such as rocks, plants and reefs, all of which are vulnerable to
destruction during eruptions.
3. What are the effects of changes in one of Earth's four spheres (hydrosphere, atmosphere,
lithosphere, or biosphere) on each of the other spheres (hydrosphere, atmosphere, lithosphere, or
biosphere)? (These are the sphere-to-sphere interactions.)
The hydrosphere is the part of the Earth that contains all the Earth's water, from oceans and lakes to rivers, streams and water vapor.
The hydrosphere extends up to the troposphere in the atmosphere where rain falls. The other major spheres are the geosphere which
makes up the rocks and mantle, the biosphere, which includes all life, and the atmosphere, or air.,
NOTE: This approach of answering the questions above is performed during every analysis; simply
replace the term "event" with the event you wish to investigate.

Earth System Interaction example:


Typhoon Yolanda/ Haiyan, November 2013

POSSIBLE EVENTS FOR ANALYSIS:

1. Oil spill
2. Photosynthesis/respiration
3. Cocolisap bugs infestation
4. Acid rain
5. Deforestation
6. Wildfires
7. Coal mining
8. Drought
9. Flooding
10. Ozone depletion
11. Tsunami
12. Hurricanes
13. Wind farm developments
14. Meteor impact
15. El Nino/La Nina
16. Volcanic eruption
17. CFCs (chlorofluorocarbons)

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