Scribd
Upload
81 views14 pages

Similarity: Rosdi Bin Ab. Rahman Jabatan Kejuruteraan Mekanikal Pusat Pengajian Diploma

This document discusses the concept of similarity in engineering. It defines similarity as when the ratios of dimensionless parameters are the same between a model and prototype. There are three types of similarity: geometric, where corresponding dimensions are proportional; kinematic, where time and motion paths are similar; and dynamic, where force ratios are equal. Similarity allows testing of scaled models to obtain data applicable to larger prototypes, by ensuring the model and prototype exist in similar environments. Examples are provided to demonstrate applying similarity concepts to determine appropriate test conditions and scale results between a model and its full-size prototype.

Uploaded by

Nordiana Idris
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
81 views14 pages

Similarity: Rosdi Bin Ab. Rahman Jabatan Kejuruteraan Mekanikal Pusat Pengajian Diploma

This document discusses the concept of similarity in engineering. It defines similarity as when the ratios of dimensionless parameters are the same between a model and prototype. There are three types of similarity: geometric, where corresponding dimensions are proportional; kinematic, where time and motion paths are similar; and dynamic, where force ratios are equal. Similarity allows testing of scaled models to obtain data applicable to larger prototypes, by ensuring the model and prototype exist in similar environments. Examples are provided to demonstrate applying similarity concepts to determine appropriate test conditions and scale results between a model and its full-size prototype.

Uploaded by

Nordiana Idris
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 14

SIMILARITY

ROSDI BIN AB. RAHMAN


JABATAN KEJURUTERAAN MEKANIKAL
PUSAT PENGAJIAN DIPLOMA
OBJECTIVE

This chapter is designed to help students


achieve the following:

- Understand the concept of similarity.


- Demonstrate the use of similarity in solving engineering
problems.
LEARNING OUTCOME

At the end of this chapter, students will be able to


use knowledge and skills to:

- Explain the basic concepts of similarity.


- Solve simple problems related
similarity
INTRODUCTION

Engineering problems not only involve small


objects. It also involves a large object.
Because of their large size, there are difficulties
in performing tests in the laboratory.
Approach can be taken to solve the problem is to
shrink the object according to a certain scale
(model)
To ensure that the data "can be used", the
environment and the parameters must be
"similar"
SIMILARITY

Similarity means that the ratio of the


dimensionless parameters are the same.
Its use is often in conjunction with dimensional
analysis.
Results of model testing and prototype testing can
be attributed to using the dimensionless groups.
Its use must meet geometric similarity, kinematic
and dynamic.
GEOMETRIC SIMILARITY

Geometric similarity exists between model and


prototype if the ratio of all corresponding
dimensions in the model and prototype are equal.
For lengths

For Areas
KINEMATIC SIMILARITY

Kinematic similarity is the similarity of time as


well as geometry. It exists between model and
prototype
- If the paths of moving particles are
geometrically similar
- If the rations of the velocities of particles
are similar
Velocity

Acceleration

Discharge
DYNAMIC SIMILARITY

Dynamic similarity exists between geometrically


and kinematically similar systems if the ratios of
all forces in the model and prototype are the same.

Force ratio
NON DIMENSIONAL GROUP
EXERCISE

Refer
B. R Munson, D. F Young, T H. Okiishi,
Fundamentals of Fluid Mechanics, John
Wiley, 2002

Chap 7, page 437


Question 7.32, 7.33, 7.35, 7.37 & 7.41
Example

An underwater missile, diameter 2m and length 10m


is tested in a water tunnel to determine the forces
acting on the real prototype. A 1/20th scale model is
to be used. If the maximum allowable speed of the
prototype missile is 10 m/s, what should be the
speed of the water in the tunnel to achieve dynamic
similarity?
Example 2

A model aeroplane is built at 1/10 scale and is to be


tested in a wind tunnel operating at a pressure of 20
times atmospheric. The aeroplane will fly at
500km/h. At what speed should the wind tunnel
operate to give dynamic similarity between the
model and prototype? If the drag measure on the
model is 337.5 N what will be the drag on the plane?
THANK YOU

Please refer to Edmodo


DAJ 21603: FLUID MECHANICS

You might also like

pFad - Phonifier reborn

Pfad - The Proxy pFad of © 2024 Garber Painting. All rights reserved.

Note: This service is not intended for secure transactions such as banking, social media, email, or purchasing. Use at your own risk. We assume no liability whatsoever for broken pages.


Alternative Proxies:

Alternative Proxy

pFad Proxy

pFad v3 Proxy

pFad v4 Proxy