Seti DA Safety and Health Management System (5-Star) 2.25 Working at Heights Standard First Version August 10" 2017 OHSAS 4.4.6 Adoption by: ‘Ciyad M, Al Shia Khalaf Atrashdan Industrial Security ED General Services Senior VP CEO of Saudi Electricity Co.fe inaieety JA Contents PURPOSE... SCOPE ...-csoes DEFINITIONS ....... RESPONSIBILITY AND ACCOUNTABLLITY...... WORKING AT HEIGHT REQUIREMENTS TRAINING AND COMPETENCY ... MEDICALS FITNESS DOCUMENT RETENTION ....... APPENDIX...... APPENDIX A: - WORK AT HEIGHT FLOWCHART. Coren anen Working at Heights Instruction | Safety and Health Management System (5-Star) 1-20(A, cdaaaasnielel JA Prien Ty 1 PURPOSE To establish minimum requirements and guidelines to provide prevention / protection against falls from elevation and a minimum standard of training necessary to ensure personnel understanding and compliance with the program and to avoid risks and hazards associated with work at heights. 2 SCOPE These instructions are applied upon all working at height activities in Saudi Electrical Company, its business lines, its departments, divisions, contractors and employees. These instructions are relevant to the planning, preparation and conduct of health work practices and risks in connection with working at heights and give guidance to the preparation of business unit specific Working at Height procedures. 2.1 Working at heights in this instruction includes: access and egress for working at height; fall prevention systems; anchorage and lifelines; falarrest systems Work positioning systems. ladders and plattorms; crane- and derrick- suspended personnel platforms and working platforms; Poles, towers (electric) or similar structures; Excavations Risk of falling from height, though, into or onto a place or structure; and Working within 2 meters of an open edge, with a potential to fall more than1.8 meters; 2.2 Any personal use of fall arrest harness is considered working at heights. 3 DEFINITIONS Competent person - Means any person who has in respect of the work or task to be performed the required knowledge, training, experience and, where applicable, qualifications, specific to that work or task. Medical Certificate of Fitness - A medical certificate of fitness issued by a medical practitioner. Qualified Person - An individual, who by possession of a recognized degree, certificate, or professional standing or who by extensive knowledge, training, and experience, has successfully demonstrated Training Records - (Working at Heights) Documented training records that identify the holder as having successfully completed appropriate work at height training and medical fitness and that allow the holder to conduct permitted work, and these must be readily available on site. Working at Heights Instruction | Safety and Health Management System (5-Star] 2-20ae sya anseitare sec sth sarery Cogs DA acnerts Toe board - A low protective barrier (minimum of 100mm in vertical height from their top edge to the walking / working surface and no more than 5mm clearance above the walking / working surface), that will prevent the fall of materials and equipment to lower levels and provide protection from falls to personnel. Walking/Work Surface - Any surface, whether vertical or horizontal on which an employee walks or works, including, but not limited to, floors, roofs, ramps, bridges, runways, form work and conerete reinforcing steel but not including ladders, vehicles, or trailers, on which employees must be located to perform their duties. Working at Heights - Any work performed above a stable work surface or where a person puts himself/herself in a position where he exposes himself to a fall from or into. Work at height is; as a result, work in any place, including a place at, above, or below ground level, where a person could be injured if he/she fell from that place. 4 RESPOSIBITY AND ACCOUNTABILITY Saudi Electricity Company, its subsidiaries, and contractors shall take all reasonably practicable steps to prevent falls-from-height incidents. The delegated manager shall be responsible for safety and health in their designated area of responsibility, 4.1 Business Unit Managers, Project, and Contract Managers Business Unit Manager, Project and /Contract Manager are accountable for: 4.1.1 Ensuring the effective development implementation and enforcement of this standard. 4.1.2 Ensuring that all resources and equipment needed to implement the standard is available to all departments and divisions. 4.1.3 Performing periodic audits to ensure the safe, consistent and effective implementation of the standard. 4.2 Managers, Supervisors and Contractors Facility, Site Managers, Construction Managers and Supervisors are responsible for: 4.2.1 Ensuring that employees and contractors are competent and trained to work at heights. 4.2.2 Ensuring that employees and contractors are physically fit to work at heights. Working at Heights Instruction | Safety and Health Management System (5-Star) 3-20A\.0... ieee 4.2.3 Ensuring that valid work at height and isolation permit/s are available on site. 4.2.4 Ensuring deily risk, task/activity, equipment/devices and PPE are assessed, checked, recorded and communicated. 4.2.5 Ensuring that Rescue Plan is in place and communicated to all employees. 4.2.6 Ensuring that appropriate communication equipment or process is in place. 4.2.7 Conducting continuous safety observations, and correcting unsafe behaviors and conditions. 4.2.8 Ensuring safe, consistent and effective implementation of standard. 4.2.9 Conduct verification spot checks or audits to ensure compliance to standard. 4.3 Industrial Security Industrial Security Divisions (Health and Safety) are responsible for: 4.3.1 Issuing and maintaining the Working at Heights instruction. 4.3.2 Giving competent advice on suitability and sufficiency of risk assessments completed. 4.3.3 Provide training on working at height instructions. 4.3.4 Performing periodic inspections on working at height work sites, ensuring effective implementation of standard. 4.4 All Employees / Contractors / Shared Services Staff All employees shall have the following accountabilities: 4.4.1 Before starting task, approved risk assessment and work method statement is available 4.4.2 |f engaged in work on in the maintenance or construction of overhead lines to follow all the safe work practices of the specific business unit procedure applicable to the work. 4.4.8 Ensure compliance with this standard and safe work instruction. 5 WORKING AT HEIGHT REQUIREMENTS. 5.1 General Requirements 5.1.1 Wherever reasonably practicable, preference is given to the performance of work at ground level as opposed to in an elevated position. Refer to Appendix A which sets out graphically a Work at Heights Flowchart. 5.1.2 Where work in an elevated position is necessary, preference is given to fall prevention measures such as, but not limited to, effective barricading and the use of work platforms. Working at Heights Instruction | Safety and Health Management System (5-Star) 4-20/\..... apisesaaan ‘SEC S-STAR SAFETY Cee JA sana 5.1.3 Persons may only work from a fall risk position if a site-specific fall protection plan is in place and correctly implemented and consists of the following: + All appointments for the fall protection plan developer and implementer are in place. * One risk assessment, which is specific and incorporates the working at height risk assessment, as well as the site-specific risk assessment, has been completed for the work to be conducted. * Safe working procedure/task analysis and work instructions, approved by a competent person, are in place. + Afall rescue plan, along with necessary equipment and trained rescuers, is in place. * Appropriate training, as determined by the risk assessment, has been provided. * Appropriate height safety equipment and personal protective equipment have been issued to the individual. * There are equipment inspection procedures and up-to-date inspection records, * Individuals are medically fit to work at height, and records of this are kept. * A site-specific risk assessment is performed. 5.1.4 Adequate warning signs and/or barricades shall be used in all areas where there is a risk of persons being injured by materials or equigment falling from the work area. Barricades should be continuous and easily visible. 5.1.5 A drop zone shall be established with appropriate warning signs and barrier tape or barricading, warning personnel below of workers above and potential falling objects. 5.2 Risk Assessment 5.2.1 When considering work at height, a risk assessment shall be conducted and form part of the health and safety plan to be applied on site (Refer to risk assessment standard 2.8). It shalll includ i, the identification of the risks and hazards to which persons are exposed to; ii, an analysis and evaluation of the risks and hazards identified based on a documented method; ili, a documented plan and applicable safe work procedures to mitigate, reduce or control the risks and hazards that have been identified; iv. a monitoring plan; and v. a review plan. Working at Heights Instruction | Safety and Health Management System (5-Star) 5-20ais er Sn S-STAR SAFETY Kees A Syke ila 5.2.2 Risk assessments shall take into account factors such as: * the necessity for the work to be done in an elevated position as ‘opposed te on the ground; barricading and other fall prevention measures; requirements of the safe work procedure; restrictions in fall distances and clearances; mobility required for the task, e.g., degree of vertical or horizontal movement; height being worked at; possible injuries; duration of exposure; frequency of performing these activities; type of work and ergonomic considerations; personal protective equipment (PPE); work site/area congestion; potentiallikelinood/causes of a fall occurring; endurance of workers; risk control measures; electric arc flash; conductivity; sale clearances from overhead power lines, structure/ electric tower (ease of access, secure footing, and compatibility with fall prevention and/or fall arrest equipment); terrain; lone work; adverse weather conditions; restrictions with reference to working alone (a rescue must always be executable); * falling objects; and * Suitable anchor points. 5.2.3 Develop approved written safe work procedures/task analysis and work instructions for all elevated work and communicate to all persons carrying out the work. 5.2.4 In the design phase, fall risk shall be considered with regard to minimizing risk, ease of access, anchor points, and avoidance as far as reasonably practicable. 5.2.5 Determine the content and intervals of planned job observations during the risk assessment. 5.2.6 Live work, work has to be conducted according to business line standards and procedures while maintaining minimum safe working clearance. Working at Heights instruction | Safety and Health Management System (5-Star) 6-2046 yaya 2S 20) x SEC 5-STAR SAFETY i ‘Saudi Electricity Company JA prety 5.3 Fall Protection Plan 5.3.1 A task-/job-specific fall protection plan shall be developed and approved by @ competent person for any activity where there is a risk of a fall 5.3.2 The fall protection plan shall include a task-/job-specitic risk assessment and requirements relating to the following: Training programme for employees working from a fall risk position (persons working at height) Appointments and authorizations; Isolation and lock out of energized electrical source; The procedure addressing the inspection, testing, and maintenance of ail fall protection equipment; * Processes for evaluation of the employees’ medical fitness necessary to work in a fall risk position and the records of this (medical surveillance programme); Equipment use and specification: Process for observation of safe work practices and correct action; Process for communication between persons working at heights and ground supervision. Fall prevention, fall arrest, and fall rescue plan, and Method statements or safe work procedures/task analysis/work instructions. 5.3.3. The fall protection plan shall be integrated into the health and safety plan. 5.3.4 Adherence to the fall protection plan is mandatory and induction on the fall protection plan must be carried out for all relevant employees. 5.3.5 The fall protection plan must be monitored and reviewed as required by the work performed and changes in hazards. 5.4 Primary Fall Prevention Systems Primary fall prevention systems shall be choice for performing work in elevated ateas. These systems provide walking and working surfaces that are free from floor / wall openings and are equipped with standard guardrail systems on all open sides. In most cases, primary fall prevention systems are sufficient fall prevention methods in themselves and do not require the use of additional (secondary) fall protection systems such as harness / lanyard systems. 5.5 Secondary Fall Protection Systems Secondary fall protection systems should only be utilized after all efforts to employ primary fall Prevention systems have been exhausted or when being used in concert with primary systems. Working at Heights Instruction | Safety and Health Management System (5-Star) 7-20A N42. ties pea S-STAR SAFETY G Saudi Elactty Company pda ls 5.6 Scaffolding / Temporary Work Platforms Designs for scaffoldings standing over 37 meters height shall be prepared, reviewed and approved by a qualified engineer. Scaffolding shall not be erected without permission of designated qualified engineer and area owner supervision. Every effort shall be made to ensure all temporary platforms / walkways are equipped with solid decking free of openings and standards guard rail systems. Personnel working or travelling on temporary elevated platforms shall wear an approved safety harness / lanyard system at all times. Personnel working / travelling on temporary platforms with fall exposure shall seoure their lanyards to an anchorage point capable of supporting 22kN or designed as part of a complete personal fall arrest system that maintains a safety factor of at least two (2). Personnel working / travelling on complete temporary platforms, free from deck openings, and equipped with standard guardrails are not required to secure their lanyards if remaining within the confines of the temporary platform and guardrail system. All temporary platforms shall meet engineering and manufactures specifications, prior to any employee usage of the platform. Temporary work platforms shall be inspected daily by designated competent person prior to use. An approved green tag shall be placed on the platform to identity the platform as inspected and safe for use. Every temporary work platform shall be provided with a safe means of access / egress. Retractable lifelines shall be used while ascending or descending access ladders to temporaty work platforms or walkways with a fall hazard greater than 3,5m. Scaffolding shall not be used/ constructed/erected in case of storm or high wind speed in excess of 40 miles per hour (65 km/hr). Clearance between electrical power lines and the scaffolds shall meet the applicable local standards/regulations requirements. In the absence of any local standard/regulation, it shall be in accordance with the following below: Working at Heights instruction | Safety and Health Management System (5-Star] 8-20Sere SAFETY DAN Seb Apyan a6 Sl ciety Compony Iya ila lines) Voltage learance = 300 volts (Insulated lines) T meter (3 feat) 300 volts to 50 KV(insulated Smeters (10 feet) < 50 KV (un-insulated lines) Smeters (70 feet) > 50 KV(insulated tines) 3 meters (10 feet) plus 10 cm 4 inches) for each KV above 50 KV > 60 KV(un-insulated lines) 3 meters (10 feet) plus 10 cm (4 inches) for each KV above 50 OSHA standard 1826.451 (f) (6) + Scaffoldings, (with the exception of certain tower and mobile scaffoldings), be securely tied in to the building or structure throughout their length and height to prevent movement of the scaffolding either towards or away from the building or structure. * Guardrail and toe board systems are an integral part of primary fall prevention systems and whenever used, must be constructed with absolute certainty of integrity and structural soundness. * Guardrail systems must meet the following minimum requirements: ‘© Guardrails and Toe boards shall be installed for work at more than 1.8 meters height to prevent falling of material/personnel. © Toe boards 2.5 cm x 10 om lumber shall be installed at all open sides on all scaffoldings more than 3 meters above the ground or floor. Toe © Top rail shall be 900mm above the walking / working surface. © Mid-rails shall be installed at a height midway between the top edge of the guardrail system and the walking / working level. © Mid-rails shall be capable of withstanding, without failure, a force of at least 75kg applied in any downward or outward direction at any point 5.7 Guardrail and Toe board Systems boards shall be a minimum of 10 cm in height. along the mid-rait. 5.8 Ladders a) Permanent caged ladders being used to access complete structures where no fall exposure exists, may be ascended / descended without wearing a safety hamess / lanyard. b) Portable Straight or Extension Ladders. Portable straight or extension ladders shall be placed at an angle that will not permit slippage (minimum standard is the 4:1 ratio) of the ladder base when climbing. Working at Heights Instruction | Safety and Health Management Systema (5-Star) 9-20‘ ely payne aS 201 c SEC 5-STAR SAFETY. ‘Saudi Electricity Company A 3endilb c) Temporary construction ladders shall extend at least 900mm above the upper landing being accessed and be secured against displacement. a) Temporary construction ladders and portable ladders (e.g., extension ladders, step ladders, etc.) piaced for repeated access / egress to elevations with a fall hazard greater than 4m shall be equipped with retractable lifelines. Personnel ascending or descending these ladders shall secure the retractable lifeline to an approved ladder climb fall prevention system and their safety harness prior to ladder use. c) One time access / egress on a portable ladder does not require the use of a retractable lifeline. The following procedure shall be used when a retractable lifeline is not required: * Personnel preparing to perform a new work activity must receive specific Daily Safe Task Instruction concerning the use of portable ladders and associated fall protection techniques. * Personnel ascending ladders that are not yet secured at the top must have another employee hold the ladder at the bottom until it can be properly secured. This also includes the last trip down after untying the ladder at the top. ‘* Upon reaching the elevation where the work is to be performed, the employee shall secure their shock absorbing lanyard prior to proceeding with the task. * The ladder should then be properly secured and the task may begin + When the task is completed, this process should be reversed with the shock absorbing lanyard being the last protective device to be released prior to descent. d) No objects, tools, or materials shall be carried in hands while ascending / descending ladders. e) Defective ladders shall be withdrawn from service for repair or destruction and tagged “DANGEROUS, DO NOT USE" or similar tagging/control system. f) Absolutely no aluminium or metal or wet ladders shall be used near electrical equipment or while using electrical tools. Only non- conductive ladders shall be used near electric generation, transmission, distribution or potential hazards. 5.9 Personnel Restraint Systems a) Restraint systems are designed to restrain movement so that a fall is not possible. b) The system must have the capacity to withstand twice the maximum expected force that is needed to restrain the person from exposure to the fall hazard. Working at Heights instruction | Safety and Health Managemont System (5-Star) 40-20Iso. ere SEC 5-STAR SAFETY G Saud Eletiiy Company JA eaaills ¢) In determining this force, consideration should be given to site specitic factors, but not limited to, the force generated by a person walking, leaning, or even sliding down a steep roof. 5.10 Full Body Harness / Shock Absorbing Lanyards A full body hamess and shock absorbing lanyard system shall be worn and secured where there is a fall exposure of 1,8m or more. Figure1 and 2 below graphically shows the components of a Full Body Hamess and Twin Lanyard System. ae buckles Sub-pelviestrap Thigh straps \ __ row erie ) Figure1. Components of a Full Body Harness connector for attachment tousersharness Figure2. Components of a Twin Lanyard System Working at Heights instruction | Safety and Health Management System (5-Star) 11-20N00. ersepaan Lise’ S Tah sarery * Vieciency coop JA ial If the work is located on a permanent structure and no fall potential is created by the work or by the condition of the structure, full body hamesses are not required. NOTE: If at any time an employee is forced to reach, or position any part of their body beyond the plane of the structure’s boundaries (i.e., guardrail system), full body harnesses shall be worn and secured to ensure 100% fall protection Only full body to ensure the integrity of the equipment being used and success of the Fall Prevention / Protection Program, the following shall be strictly adhered to: a) hamesses/shock absorbing lanyard systems as per the SEC approved PPE Catalogue: - Full Body Harness code: 905010015 - Energy Absorbing Lanyard code: 905020024 (non-conductive materials) - Working at Height Satety Helmet code: 905020025 or equivalent shall be used on any site/project. b) Lanyards must be of the shock absorbing type when used for fall protection. ©) Shock absorbing lanyards shall only be used for fall protection and are never to be used for positioning or material transport. d) The shock absorbing lanyard shall be secured to the D-ring located on the back of the harness between the shoulder blades e) D-rings located at the waist may only be used for positioning or with rail- type ladder climbing devices. f) D-rings located on the front of the harness shall only be used for attachment to rail mounted ladder climbing devices. g) Full body harnesses / shock absorbing lanyards shall be attached to an anchorage point capable of supporting an impact load of 22kN or twice the potential impact load of the engineered fall protection system, h) Full body harnesses and shock absorbing lanyards shall be secured to limit potential free fall distance to 1,8m or less. i) Snap hooks attached to shock absorbing lanyards shall be of the double action / locking type design. Simple spring resistant snap hooks shall not be used for fall protection. }) Employees using a full body hamess and shock absorbing lanyards shall inspect them for wear, damage and other deterioration prior to each use. Working at Heights Instruction | Safety and Health Management System (S-Star) 12-20a8 Aaayaadt 2831 LEC S:STAR SAFETY 2 Elctity Company v Jaa A 5.11 k) All full body hamesses and shock absorbing lanyards shalll be inspected at least monthly by a Designated Competent Person(s) and subsequently colour coded or tagged to indicate a current inspection. The following shall be inspected: Cuts, tears, and chaiing. Electrical burns. Physical deterioration. Ultraviolet deterioration Wear on connection devices. Evidence of shock loading. Chemical damage and/or deterioration. 1) Defective full body harnesses and shock absorbing lanyards shall be tagged “DEFECTIVE - DO NOT USE" and immediately removed from service. m) Full body harnesses and shock absorbing lanyards subjected to impact loading shall be immediately removed from service and shall not be used again for employee protection until inspected and determined by a Competent Person to be undamaged and suitable for reuse, if not it shall be destroyed and reflected on the register as such. 1n) A register of all fall arrest hamesses shall be kept on ~ site. This register is to be maintained by a competent person designated by the department or site manager. 0) The competent person shall ensure that all equipment is serviceable and is inspected monthly. p) The use of body belts and web lanyards for fall arrest is strictly prohibited NOTE: Fall protection personal protective equipment may be subject to arc flash exposure, potentially resulting in bums to workers from melted webbing and compromised fail arrest capability unless the equipment has been designed to withstand arc flash. Managers must estimate incident heat energy of arc hazards to which workers would be exposed, and provide protective clothing and other protective equipment with an arc rating greater than or equal to the estimated heat energy. Anchorage Points a) The selection of anchor points is determined by the type of work and structure involved. On routine jobs, pre-identified anchor points shall be marked and tested as such. b) The strength of a personnel fall arrest system is based on it being attached to an anchorage system that does not reduce the strength of the system. The strength of anchorage points for restraint and fall arrest is detailed in the table below: Working at Heights Instruction | Safety and Health Management System (5-Star) 13-205.12 sae ce Scale Purpose of anchorage Strength (kN) Free fall-arrest (one person) 15 Free fall-arrest (two persons attached to same anchor) 22 Travel restraint 6 NOTE: certain structures may not provide adequate strength for fall arrest purposes. In these events, alternative means of fall protection shall be developed, based on an appropriate risk assessment. c) The following equipment and structure are not anchorage points: + Screw Pipe; * Conduit; * Cable Tray (use requires engineering approval); + Welded Pipe Less Than 2 inch * Wooden Handrails. NOTE: Handrails may not be used as anchor points for any fall arrest equipment or fall arrest systems, unless specifically engineered and certified to do so. d) Anchorages on steel towers may be wielded (closed) (i.e. eye bolls, rigging points, slings, ropes or other attachments designed into the structures). @) Dedicated anchor points shall be clearly marked as such, with the load- bearing capability, direction of use, date of inspection, standard to which it was tested, and unique serial number. f) Climbers shall be able to connect to anchor points before they enter a fall risk position. g) Anchor points shall, as far as practicable, be placed above a climber to minimize fall distance and pendulum effect. h) Conerete form anchorage points shall be able to withstand 22kN impact load or twice the potential impact load of an engineered fall protection system i) Rope or webbing anchor slings shall not be placed around a structure with sharp edges without adequate protection. j) Damaged anchorages shall be repaired and certified by the manufacturer ora structural engineer prior to use. Lifeline Systems a) Lifeline systems are points of attachment for fall protection lanyards and hamesses. Lifelines may be mounted either vertically or horizontally and provide fall protection for personnel working in elevated areas. ») Lifelines shall not be used for any other purpose than fall protection. ) Lifelines shall be protected against being cut or abraded (i.e., Softeners around lifelines at anchorage point). Working at Heights Instruction | Safety and Health Management System (5-Star) 44-20