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Termo 1 6.20 6.21

1) A small ice crystal is added to 1 kg of water subcooled to -6°C, causing it to freeze adiabatically at atmospheric pressure. The final temperature is 0°C and 7.6% of the system freezes. 2) The total entropy change for the process is 1.03x10-3 J/gK and is irreversible due to heat transfer across a temperature difference. 3) For steam changing from saturated vapor at 1.38 bar to superheated vapor at 15 bar and 811.15K, the enthalpy change is 378.3 BTU/lbm and entropy change is 0.268 BTU/lbm-

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662 views3 pages

Termo 1 6.20 6.21

1) A small ice crystal is added to 1 kg of water subcooled to -6°C, causing it to freeze adiabatically at atmospheric pressure. The final temperature is 0°C and 7.6% of the system freezes. 2) The total entropy change for the process is 1.03x10-3 J/gK and is irreversible due to heat transfer across a temperature difference. 3) For steam changing from saturated vapor at 1.38 bar to superheated vapor at 15 bar and 811.15K, the enthalpy change is 378.3 BTU/lbm and entropy change is 0.268 BTU/lbm-

Uploaded by

Achmad Widiyatmoko
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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20.

Very pure liquid water can be subcooled at atmospheric pressure to temperatures well below
273.15 K (0C). Assume that 1 kg has been cooled as liquid to 267.15 K (-6C). A small ice crystal
(of negligible mass) is added to seed the subcooled liquid. If the subsequent change occurs
adiabatically at atmospheric pressure, what fraction of the system freezes and what is the final
temperature? What is Stotal for the process, and what is its irreversible feature? The latent
heat of fusion of water at 273.15 K (0C) is 333.4 J g-1, and the specific heat of subcooled liquid
water is 4.226 J g-1 C-1.
Penyelesaian :

Diketahui :
T1 = -6oC
m = 1 kg
H = 333.4 J/g
Cp = 4.226 J/goC

Proses Adibatik pada Tekanan Konstan

Isenthalpic Htotal = 0

Maka :

a. Fraksi massa

Cp. T + x. H = 0
.T
= H

4.226 .6
= 333.4
= 0.076

b. Enthropy
T2 = 0oC = 273.5 K
T x .H
S = Cp ln (T2 ) +
1 T2

273.15 0.076(333.4)
S = 4.226 ln (266.15) + 266.15

J
S = 1.03x103 gmK
20. The state of 1 kg of steam is changerd from saturated vapor at 1.38 bar to superheated vapor at
15 bar and 811.15 K (538C). What are the enthalpy and entropy changes of the steam? What
would the enthalpy and entropy changes be if steam were an ideal gas?
Penyelesaian :

Diketahui :

P1 = 20 psia P2 = 50 psia T2 = 1000oF


Saturated Vapor Superheated Vapor

Ditanyakan :
H & S

Mencari nilai entalpi dan entropi masing-masing kondisi dari Tabel F.3 & F.4 :

T1 = 228 oF

H1 = 1156 H2 = 1534.3


S1 = 1.732 S2 = 2

H = H2-H1

= 1534.3-1156

= 378.3

S = S2-S1

= 2 - 1.732

= 0.268

Jika menggunakan persamaan gas ideal :

T1 = 385.55 K
T2 = 814.44 K

H =

= .
= (1 , 2 , , , , )

= (388.55, 814.44, 3.470, 1.45 3 , 0, 0.121 5 )

= 4.36

= 0.1986 4.36

= 0.865896

H = 0.865896 (814.44 385.55)



=371.374


( ( 2 ) ( 2 ))
1 1
S =

= .

= (1 , 2 , , , , )

= (388.55, 814.44, 3.470, 1.45 3 , 0, 0.121 5 )

= 4.32
814.44 50
1.986(4.32 ( ) ( ))
388.55 20
S = 18


=0.251 .

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