Geography II
Geography II
Geography
B.A/B.SC. Geography-II Total Mark: 100
Appendix A
(Outlines of Tests)
The distribution of marks for the Map Work and Practical Examination shall be as follows
1. Lab. Work.
2. Field Surveying
3. Field Report
4. Record of Map Work.
5. Vive Voce
Examination in Lab. Work, Field Survey and Field Report shall be conducted during the Practical
Examination by the same Examiners. -
Note. : A [minimum of sixty practicals of 3 hours each shall be required in two years]
(30 practicals each year). Map Work & Practical Examination will spread over two days
Appendix B
(Syllabi and Courses of Reading)
Recommended Books
1. Study of Maps
(a) Types of Maps
(b) Seals Plain and diagonal
2. Methods or representation of relief. Exercises and drawing of composite contour maps with the
help of given data and information.
3. Interpretation of:
(a) Topographical Maps
(b) Arial Photographs and introduction to Remote Sensing.
(c) Weather maps of Pakistan.
4. Map projections : general principles, classification, choice of projection, merits and demerits,
construction or graticule by simple graphic methods of the Following projections:
(a) Cylindrical-Simple and Equal Area, and Mercator's (with Table).
(b) Zenithal-Gnomonic, Stereographic and Orthographic (Polar cases)
(c) Conical one and two standard parallels and Bonne's.
5. Simple quantitative techniques and their use in geography. Study of frequency Distribution,
averages (Mean, median and mode), mean deviation standard deviation and correlation.
6. Preparation of distribution craps with the help or Symbols - Line bars. Shads, dots, circle.
7. Instrumental surveying-Making of plans with the help of chain, plane table and prismatic
compass.