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Chemical Bonding Exercise

This document provides exercises related to chemistry concepts including: 1) Identifying molecules that exhibit certain bonding properties from a list. 2) Determining if statements about electron configurations and isoelectronic species are true or false. 3) Drawing Lewis structures of hypothetical compounds formed from elements in different periods of the periodic table. 4) Identifying types of bonds broken when substances are heated to their boiling points and ordering substances by boiling point. 5) Additional exercises involving Lewis structures, molecular geometry, electron configurations and periodic trends.

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
265 views6 pages

Chemical Bonding Exercise

This document provides exercises related to chemistry concepts including: 1) Identifying molecules that exhibit certain bonding properties from a list. 2) Determining if statements about electron configurations and isoelectronic species are true or false. 3) Drawing Lewis structures of hypothetical compounds formed from elements in different periods of the periodic table. 4) Identifying types of bonds broken when substances are heated to their boiling points and ordering substances by boiling point. 5) Additional exercises involving Lewis structures, molecular geometry, electron configurations and periodic trends.

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EXERCISE'

!
1.! From!the!given!list!of!molecules!below:!SF6,!H20,!BF3,!CH4,!NH3!
!
Determine!which!molecule!has:!
i)! an!expanded!octet!
ii)! trigonal!pyramidal!geometry.!
iii)! 2!bonding!pair!of!electrons!and!2!lone!pair!of!electrons!around!its!central!atom.!
iv)! an!incomplete!octe!
v)! !tetrahedral!geometry!
vi)! !octahedral!geometry.!
!
2.! Answer!TRUE!(T)!or!FALSE!(F)!for!the!following!statements!
!
i)!The!maximum!number!of!3d!electrons!is!10.!
ii)!K+!is!isoelectronic!with!CIS!
iii)!The!F!ion!has!a!greater!radius!than!the!F!atom.!
iv)!Neon!atoms!are!diamagnetic!
v)!The!maximum!number!of!electrons!in!l!=3!and!ml!=!S1!is!1!
vi)!The!maximum!number!of!electrons!in!l!=2!,!ml!=!S1!and!ms!=!1/2!is!1.!
!
3.! Given:!3!elements!(A,!B,!C)!which!are!not!the!actual!element!symbols:!
Element!A!is!located!in!the!third!period!of!the!periodic!table!and!its!atom!has!only!5!
electrons!in!its!outermost!shell.!
The! electron! configuration! using! subshell! notation! of! the! valence! electrons! in!
element!B!is!3s23p1.!
Element!C!is!located!in!the!third!period!and!its!atom!has!seven!valence!electrons.!
!
i)! Element!A!bonds!with!element!C!to!form!a!molecule!with!an!expanded!octet.!Draw!
the!Lewis!structure!and!give!the!formula!of!this!molecule.!
ii)! Element!B!bonds!with!element!C!to!form!a!molecule!with!an!incomplete!octet.!Draw!
the!Lewis!structure!and!give!the!formula!of!this!molecule.!
!
4.! The!following!substances!are!given:!!K,!KF,!C2H5OH,!F2,!CF4!
!
i)! Name!the!types!of!bonds!or!attractive!forces!which!will!be.!broken!when!each!of!
these!substances!:!K,!KF,!C2H5OH,!CF4!is!heated!until!it!boils.!
ii)! Arrange!the!following!compounds:!C2H5OH,!F2,!KF!and!CF4!in!order!of!increasing!
boiling!points.!Briefly!explain!your!answer.!
iii)! Can!solid!KF!and!solid!K!conduct!electricity?!Briefly!explain!your!answer.!
!
5.! The!following!substances!are!given:!!NH3,!Na,!Cl2,!NaCI!
a)! Name!the!types!of!bonds!or!attractive!forces!which!will!be!broken!when!each!of!
these!substances:!NH3,!Na,!Cl2,!NaCI!is!heated!until!it!boils.!
b)! Arrange! the! following! compounds:! NH3,! Cl2! and! NaCI! in! order! of! decreasing!
boiling!points.!
!
6.! The!positions!of!elements!A,!B,!C,!D,!E!and!F!(not!the!actual!symbols)!in!the!periodic!
table!are!given!below:!
!
!
Element' Group' Period'
! ! !
A! VA(15)! 3!
B! VIIA(17)! 3!
C! VIA!(16)! 3!
D! IA(I)! 2!
E! IIA!(2)! 3!
F! IIIA(13)! 3!
G! IA(I)! 3!
!
i)! Write! the! formula! and! draw! the! Lewis! structure! for! the! formation! of! the! compound!
between!E!and!B.!!
ii)!Draw!the!Lewis!structure!and!give!the!molecular!geometry!of!a!molecule!formed!when!
A!combined!with!B.!This!molecule!obeys!the!octet!rule.!
iii)! Element! B! bonds! with! element! C! to! form! a! molecule! with! an! expanded! octet.! Draw!
the!Lewis!structure!and!give!the!molecular!geometry!of!this!molecule.!
iv)!Which!element!can!combine!with!B!to!form!a!molecule!with!an!incomplete!octet?!
v)!Compare!between!E2+,!F3+!and!G+!in!terms!of!size.!
vi)!Compare!between!A3S,!BS!and!C2S!in!terms!of!size.!
vii)!Which!element!is!chemically!similar!to!D?!
!
7.! Consider!the!following!species!when!answering!the!questions!that!follow:!
PCI3'''''CH2CI2'''''HCN'''''NH3'
'
i)! In!the!Lewis!structures!of!the!central!atom!has!one!lone!pair!of!electrons.!
ii)! The! Lewis! structures! of! and! have! multiple! bonds! in! order! to! satisfy! octet! on! all!
atoms!other!than!hydrogen.!
iii)! Which!Lewis!structure!has!the!largest!total!number!of!lone!pairs!of!electrons?!
iv)! In!which!Lewis!structure!is!the!central!atom!the!most!electronegative!atom!in!a!
molecule?!
!
8.! a)! Draw! the! Lewis! structure! and! name! the! shape! of! the! following! molecules! or! ions!
using!the!VSEPR!model:!
i)!AsH3!
ii)!XeF2!
iii)! I3S!
!

b)! Phosphine,!PH3!react!with!a!strong!acid,!Hl(aq)!to!form!a!salt!that!contains!
phosphonium!ion,!PH4+!
i)! Draw!the!Lewis!structure!to!show!the!formation!of!the!ion!PH4+!
ii)! Label!the!bonds!in!the!PH4+!ion!
iii)! What!is!the!geometrical!shape!of!PH4+?!
!
!
!
!
!
9.! A!list!of!formula!of!covalent!molecules!is!given!below:!
!
CO2,!NH3,!BF3,!PCI5,!CHCI3!
!
a)! Which!molecule!has!a!tetrahedral!shape!?!
b)! Which!molecule!has!one!lone!pair!of!electrons!at!the!central!atom!?!
c)! Which!molecule!has!an!expanded!octet!structure!at!the!central!atom!?!
!
d)! Which! two! molecules! can! combine! to! form! a! new! compound! by! means! of! a!
coordinate!covalent!(dative)!bond!?!
e)!! Which!molecule!has!double!covalent!bonds!?!
f)!! Which!molecule!has!trigonal!pyramidal!geometry?!
!
10.! Given!the!following!list!of!substances!
HCI,!KH,!H2,!K,!H2O!
!
a)! Name! the! type! of! bonds! or! forces! which! will! be! broken! when! each! of! the!
substances!above!is!heated!until!it!boiling!point.!
b)! Arrange! the! following! substances:! HCI,! H2,! K! and! H2O! in! order! of! increasing!
boiling!points.! !
!
11.! Draw!the!Lewis!structure!and!name!the!shape!of!the!following!molecules!or!ions!
!
i)!SF4!
ii)CNS!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
12.! ! !
Element' Electron'configuration'
' '
X! 1s22s22p63s23p5!
Y! 1s22s22p63s23p64s1!
Z! 1s22s22p6!
!
!
!
Three! elements! X,! Y,! and! Z! (not! actual! symbols)! have! the! electron!
configurations!as!given!in!the!table!above.!
i)!! Explain!why!Y!can!combine!with!X!but!not!with!Z.!
ii)!! Show! (using! Lewis! structure)! how! the! bond! between! X! and! Y! is!
formed.!
iii)!! What!type!of!chemical!bond!is!formed!between!X!and!Y?!
iv)!! Draw!the!Lewis!structure!of!molecule!X2.!
!
13.! Draw!the!Lewis!structure!and!name!the!shape!of!the!following!molecules!or!ions!
using!the!VSEPR!model:!
i)!SF4!
ii)!SF5+!
iii)!SF6!!
!
14.! Boron!and!chlorine!can!combine!to!form!a!compound!which!has!low!melting!and!
boiling!points.!
i)! What!is!the!formula!of!the!compound?!
ii)! Draw!the!Lewis!structure!of!the!compound,!
iii)! What!type!of!bond!is!between!these!two!atoms?!
iv)! Can!the!compound!conduct!electricity?!Why?!
v)! The!compound!can!combine!with!an!NH3!molecule!to!form!a!complex.!Draw!
the!Lewis!structure!for!this!complex.!Name!the!bond!that!is!formed.!
!
!
!
!
!
15.! A!certain!element!Y!was!found!to!form!three!compounds!with!chlorine!having!the!
formulas! YCI2,! YCI4,! YCI6.! One! of! its! oxides! has! the! formula! Y02! and! Y! reacts!
with!sodium!to!form!the!compound!Na2Y.!
!
i)!Is!Y!a!metal!or!a!nonSmetal?!
ii)!In!which!group!in!the!periodic!table!is!Y!located?!
iii)!Draw!Lewis!structures!for!YCI4,!YCI6!and!Y02.!
iv)!Using!VSEPR!theory,!predict!the!molecular!shapes!of!the!compounds!in!iii).!
v)!If!Y!were!in!Period!4,!suggest!the!electron!configuration!of!its!valence!shell.!

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