Generator Service and Preventive Maintenance
Generator Service and Preventive Maintenance
Planned maintenance can be defined as performing service, maintenance, inspections and testing on a
generator set on a pre-determined schedule. Each maintenance program should include inspections for the
status listed below:
Visual Checks
WARNING
Do not remove the pressure cap from a hot engine. Wait until the coolant temperature is
below 120°F (50°C) before removing pressure cap. Heated coolant spray or steam can cause
injury.
All planned maintenance charts define checks to be completed at a calendar interval. Coolant, lubricating oil
and coolant levels can be at normal levels, but can be contaminated (Figure 2). When performing normal
maintenance inspections look for the following:
Air Restriction Indicator – Indicates when air restriction to intake is greater than manufacturer
specifications. Red in color means change air filter (scheduled or not). Generally indictor located on
air filter housing. Can be reset after filter change.
Fuel Water Separator – This filter separates water from fuel contaminated with water. Water is
routed to bottom bowl and can drain via valve. This can indicate main fuel source supply is
contaminated.
Water Indicating Paste – Used to test main fuel supply. Spread on tank level stick. Pink in color
with no water. Turns red when fuel is contaminated with water. Generally water at the lower section
of tank.
Oil in Coolant – Oil floating on the coolant when cooling system is at ambient temperature. Can
appear milky after engine operation. Engine lubricating oil leak into cooling system. Can be cylinder
head gasket, defective engine block or cylinder head. Defect is where oil pressure is higher than
coolant pressure.
Coolant in Oil – Oil has milky color on dipstick. Coolant leak into engine lubricating oil. Can be
cylinder head gasket, defective engine block or cylinder head. Defect is where coolant pressure is
higher than oil pressure.
Figure 2, Visual Inspections
All generator manufacturers publish maintenance schedules broken down by a calendar schedule. Standard
Maintenance Schedule is illustrated in (Table 1):
Events
Emergency standby generator systems should have at least two maintenance events per year performed.
Examples listed below:
Load Bank Testing – Generator is placed under load for a period of time using an external load
bank tester.
Confidence Test – Generator is placed under load for a period of time using facility as a load.
Fluid Analysis – Lubricating oil, coolant and fuel analysis performed by laboratory.
Always follow manufacturer’s guidelines when performing maintenance, inspections and testing.
Operating Inspections
The application the generator is used in defines the inspections that need to be performed while in
operation. Each application requires development of a different inspection. Basic inspections are provided in
(Table 2):