Scribd
Upload
311 views15 pages

Hysteresis Motor

The hysteresis motor utilizes the hysteresis phenomenon to produce torque. It has a smooth cylindrical rotor made of permanent magnet material without windings. The stator produces a rotating magnetic field to start the rotor rotating through eddy current and hysteresis torque. Once near synchronous speed, the stator pulls the rotor into synchronism where only constant hysteresis torque is required to maintain the synchronous rotation.

Uploaded by

Al-Ami Sarker
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
311 views15 pages

Hysteresis Motor

The hysteresis motor utilizes the hysteresis phenomenon to produce torque. It has a smooth cylindrical rotor made of permanent magnet material without windings. The stator produces a rotating magnetic field to start the rotor rotating through eddy current and hysteresis torque. Once near synchronous speed, the stator pulls the rotor into synchronism where only constant hysteresis torque is required to maintain the synchronous rotation.

Uploaded by

Al-Ami Sarker
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 15

Hysteresis Motor

• Hysteresis synchronous motor utilizes the


phenomenon of hysteresis to produce torque
• Its rotor is a smooth cylindrical tube of high
hysteresis loss permanent magnet material
without windings or slots
• Rotor placed within a slotted stator carrying
distributed windings designed to produce, as
nearly as possible, a sinusoidal space distribution
of flux
Construction
Stator
• Stator designed to produce a
synchronously-revolving field
from a single-phase supply
• Carries main and auxiliary
windings (split phase hysteresis 1
motor) so as to produce rotating
magnetic field as shown in Fig. 1
• Stator can also be shaded pole
type (shaded pole hysteresis
motor) as shown in Fig. 2

3
Construction contd.
Rotor
• Made with magnetic material of
high hysteresis losses. i.e.
whose hysteresis loop area is
very large as shown in Fig.
• Rotor does not carry any
winding or teeth
Construction contd.
• Rotor invented by H. E. Warren shown in Fig.
 used in Warren Telechron electric clock
• Rotor consists outer rings and crossbars made
of heat-treated hard steel that has a very large
hysteresis loop
• When a rotating filed moves past rotor,
hysteresis effect causes a torque to be
developed and motor starts to run
• As synchronous speed is approached, crossbars
presents a low reluctance path to flux thereby
setting up permanent pole in rotor and causing
motor to continue to rotate at synchronous
speed
• Telechron motor has a shaded-pole stator as
shown in Fig.
Working Principle

• When stator is energized, it produces rotating magnetic


field
• Main and auxiliary, both the windings must be supplied
continuously at start as well as in running conditions so as
to maintain rotating magnetic field
• Rotor, initially, starts to rotate due to eddy-current torque
and hysteresis torque developed on rotor
• Once speed is near about synchronous, stator pulls rotor
into synchronism
• As relative motion between stator field and rotor field
vanishes, torque due to eddy currents vanishes
Working Principle contd.

Figure
(a) Stator poles induce
poles in rotor
(b) Torque developed on
rotor due to residual
magnetism of rotor
(c) Hysteresis loop of rotor
material

• When rotor is rotating in synchronous speed, stator revolving field flux produces
poles on rotor
• Due to hysteresis effect, rotor pole axis lags behind axis of rotating magnetic field
• Due to this, rotor poles get attracted towards moving stator poles
• Thus rotor gets subjected to torque called hysteresis torque  this torque is
constant at all speeds
Working Principle contd.

• When stator field moved forward, due to high residual


magnetism (i.e. retentivity) rotor pole strength remains
maintained
• So higher the retentivity, higher is the hysteresis torque
• Hysteresis torque is independent of rotor speed
• High retentivity ensures continuous magnetic locking
between stator and rotor
• Due to principle of magnetic locking, motor either rotates
at synchronous speed or not at all
• Only hysteresis torque is present which keeps rotor
running at synchronous speed
Stator Flux Working Principle contd.
establishes
magnetic poles

Rotor poles
“induced” by
Stator Flux 2
Rotor poles
follow
1 rotating
Stator
flux, but lag
poles
behind by
moving
angle δh
CCW

3
If the rotor is released, it will accelerate
to synchronous speed
Mathematical Analysis
• Initially, torque developed by the motor by virtue of eddy-
current loss and hysteresis loss
• Eddy-current loss can be given by:
Ke  a constant, f2  frequency of eddy-current, B  flux density
• Rotor frequency f2 related to stator supply frequency f in
terms of slip s
• Thus,
• Torque due to eddy current:
Mathematical Analysis contd.

• It is clear from the Eq. that when rotor rotates at synchronous


speed, slip becomes zero and torque due to eddy current
component vanishes  it only helps to start
• Hysteresis-loss is given by:

• Corresponding torque: Th

• It is clear from above Eq. that the hysteresis component of


torque is constant at all rotor speed
Mathematical Analysis contd.
• Hysteresis losses produced in rotor of a hysteresis motor is
proportional to area of hysteresis loop
• Let us assume
– hysteresis loss per revolution is Eh joules
– field rotates at Ns revolution per minute
• Energy dissipated in rotor per minute
• Corresponding power
• Power dissipated in rotor can only come from mechanical
power used to drive rotor and given by:
• Thus,

Th  torque exerted on rotor [N-m]


Eh  hysteresis energy dissipated in rotor [J]
Torque-Speed Characteristics

• The torque-speed characteristics is as


shown in Fig.
• Starting and running torque is almost
equal
• As stator carries mainly two-windings its
direction can be reversed interchanging
terminals of either main winding or
auxiliary winding
Advantages & disadvantages

Advantages
• As rotor has no teeth, no winding, there are no mechanical
vibrations
• Due to absence of vibrations, operation is quiet and
noiseless
• Suitability to accelerate inertia loads
• Possibility of multispeed operation by employing gear train
Advantages & disadvantages contd.

Disadvantages
• Output is about one-quarter that of an induction motor of
the same dimension
• Low efficiency
• Low power factor
• Low torque
• Available in very small sizes
Applications

Due to noiseless operation it is used in


– Sound recording instruments
– Sound producing equipments
– High quality record players
– Electric clocks
– Teleprinters
– Timing devices et.

You might also like

pFad - Phonifier reborn

Pfad - The Proxy pFad of © 2024 Garber Painting. All rights reserved.

Note: This service is not intended for secure transactions such as banking, social media, email, or purchasing. Use at your own risk. We assume no liability whatsoever for broken pages.


Alternative Proxies:

Alternative Proxy

pFad Proxy

pFad v3 Proxy

pFad v4 Proxy