Laplace Transform, Fourier Series

and Fourier Transform




1. e  st F (t )dt
0

n!
2.
s n 1

L  f (t )    e
 st
F (t )dt
0


   
3. L  eit   e  st eit dt
0
it
use, e  cos t  i sin t

4.

s
s  a2
2

5.

a
s  a2
2

6.

s
s  a2
2

7.

a
s  a2
2

8.

sm
 s  m  a2
2

9.

a
 s  m  a2
2

10.
 a
 s  m  a2
2

11.

 2 
s  a2 
L1   t cos at
  s 2  a 2 2 
 
L  F '  t    t cos at

12.

dn
L  t n f  t     1  F  s  
n

ds n 
13.

L  F '  t    sf  t   f  0 

14.

L  t n e at  
n!
 s  a n1 
15.

First Shifting Theorem.

if L  f  t    F  s  , then
L e at f  t    F  s  a 

if L1 F  s   F  t  , then
L1 F ( s  a )  e  at F  s 

16. L  F '  t    sf  t   f  0 

17.
f L  f  t    F  s 

1 
L  f  t     F  s  ds
t  0
1
i.e L sin t   2
s 1

 sin t  1
L  2 ds
 t  0 s 1
Now,

1  
0 s  1   
1 1
ds
2
 tan s  0  2  tan s  F ( s )
Finally

1
L  f  t  dt  F  s 
0
s
1 1 
  tan s 
s 2 

t
1
L  f  x  dx  F  s 
0
s

18.

First Shifting Theorem.

if L  f  t    F  s  , then
L eat f  t    F  s  a 

19.

L  f  t    f  s 

F t 
L  f  s    
0
t p

20.

n!
L(t n e at ) 
s  a
n 1

21.

periodic function
let f  t  be a periodic function with period T, then
T

e
 sT
f  t  dt
L  f  t    0

1  e sT
22.

Tips,
1
    

L t n  
n 1
n 1
 12 
s s
s2


e
x
x n 1 
0
s

23.

L t n  
1
s n 1
 1 
L1  n 1   t n
s 

24.
  1 
.L1  
 2s  5 
 
 
1  1 
  1 
2  5 2 
s 2 
  
 
 
1  1 
 1
11

2  5 2 
s 2 
  
 
 
1  1 
 1 
2  11
 5  2 
  s   
   2  
L  t n e at  
n!
 s  a n1 
25.

1
L1  sin t
s 1
2

t t
1
  sin t  dt
s ( s  1) 0 0
1
L 2 2

26.

 mn form  n
27.

0  m,n

28 Neither function

29 Even Function

30. Even Function

Neither function
31.
........
32. odd function

33. f  x   e x  neither function .

34. Even Function

35. Trigonometric series

 
1
36. a 0 
  f  x  dx


37. even

38. odd

39. Multivalued

cos n x
l
1
40.  f  x dx
l l l


2
41.
  f  x  cos Kxdx
0


2
42.
  f  x  sin Kxdx
0

43. iKF  k 

44.  K 2 F  k 

45.  KFc  k 

2
46.  f  0   KFs  k 


2
47. K f  0   K 2 Fs  k 


2
48.  f '  0   K 2 Fc  k 

49.

2 K
 b  k2
2

50.

2 K
   x2 2

51. Gaussian Distribution

52.

N 4k
2

F k   e
2
53.

Parseval ' s Relation

 

 f  x  g *  x  dx   F  k  G*  k  dk
 

54. Hints,
 
2 2
f  x  f  x  sin x 
 
x
e sin x
0 0

eax
use, eax sin bx  (a sin bx  b cos bx)
a 2  b2
55.

H int s,
1
  , Then f  x   e  x
2
let
 2

e ikx
 cos Kx  i sin Kx

 4k
2

e
 x2
cos Kxdx  e




e
 x2
sin Kxdx 0


.....
56.

Derivative of unit step function is Delta function

57.

f  x   f  
f '  x   ikF  k 
i.e f  x   i   F  

58.

f  x   e 3 x
2

= Ae  B
2

59.

Inverse fourier Transform


1
f  x  dke
ikx
F k 
2 

60.

1
f  x  f  x e
 ikx
dx
2 
61.

Tips

Fourier cosine transform =  f  x  cos  xdx
0

Fourier sine transform =  f  x  sin  xdx
0

n x
finite Fourier cosine transform =  f  x  cos
0
l
dx


n x
finite Fourier cosine transform =  f  x  sin
0
l
dx

62.

Fourier sine transform =  f  x  sin  xdx
0
ax
e
use e ax sin bx  (a sin bx  b cos bx)
a  b2
2

63.

Tips
 
1
  f t  e
 i  t  x 
Fourier Complex integral = d  dt
2  

1

 

Fourier integral =
2    cos   x  t  d dt
 
 
2
Fourier Sine integral =
  sin  x  f  t  sin tddt
 
 
2
Fourier Cosine integral =
  sin  x  f  t  Cos tddt
 

64.

2
  f  x  sin Kxdx
0

Use,
eax
e sin bx  2 2 (a sin bx  b cos bx)
ax

a b
65.

fourier Series of Real periodic function,

1) Cosine if it is even
2) Sine if it is odd

66.

e  sin  25 x 
x
67. c   3  5i
68.Not Periodic
f  x  2 cos  x  7 cos x
69.Only Sine Terms
70.  t   f  t   f  t 
Even
71.0.5  0.5cos 2 x
72. f  x   e 7 x  sin10 x
2
73.
8
74.sin e terms
75.sine terms

4
76. 
n 1
2
n2
1  cos n 
77.3
78.0
dn
79.L  f  t     1 f  p
n

dp n

80.
P  4 2
2

H int s,
1
L sin t cos t  L  L  sin 2t 
2
a
and use L  sin t   2
s  a2
81.L  t n e at  
n!
s  a
n 1

82.The Laplace transform of F  t  exists of

=p>a if F  t  is is function of class A
83.e  ap f  p 
n
84.if L tF  t     1
1 d

dp n
F  x    f '  p 
 Sin t 
85.L  
 t 
1
L sin t 
s 1 2


 sin t  1  
L   2
 ds   tan 1 s    tan 1 s
 t  s s 1 s 2
1  p
86.if L  f  t   f  p  L F t   f
a a
87.Not Existing
 sin t  1  1 
88.if L    tan  
 t   p
 sin 3t  1  3 
then L    tan  
 t   p

sin t 
89. dt 
0
t 2