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Question 1: Bearing and Distance From Coordinates: Easting

The document provides a step-by-step solution to calculating the bearing and distance between two points given their coordinates. It first finds the change in easting and northing, then uses Pythagoras' theorem and trigonometry to calculate the distance and bearing. The accuracy of the calculation is verified by reversing the solution.

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Eddie Ogiamien
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974 views5 pages

Question 1: Bearing and Distance From Coordinates: Easting

The document provides a step-by-step solution to calculating the bearing and distance between two points given their coordinates. It first finds the change in easting and northing, then uses Pythagoras' theorem and trigonometry to calculate the distance and bearing. The accuracy of the calculation is verified by reversing the solution.

Uploaded by

Eddie Ogiamien
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Question 1: Bearing and Distance From Coordinates

Two points have the following coordinates:

Point Easting Northing


A 32255.751 49076.286
B 12231.864 36939.667

Calculate the bearing A to B and plan distance AB.

Answer: 238°46’46.7”, 23414.815 m

Solution:

Visualise the problem.

55000

45000
Northing

N

B
E

35000
10000 20000 30000 40000
Easting

Now find the E and N:


Note: To find the bearing
of A to B we take B
© 2002 School of Surveying and Spatial Information Systems,coordinates
UNSW minus A
coordinates
E = EB - EA
= 12231.864 - 32255.751
= -20023.887

N = NB - NA
= 36939.667 - 49076.286
= -12136.619

Using Pythagoras’s Theorem to solve dAB:

2
d AB     
55000

N
= -20023.8872 + -12136.6192
A

d AB  - 20023.887  - 12136.619
2 2

Northing
45000

dAB = 23414.815 m N

B
E

Now for the Bearing : 35000


10000 20000 30000 40000
Easting
 E 
  Tan 1  
 N 

The signs of E and N will determine the quadrant of the bearing:

+ N

0°

270° A 90°
- E + E

B
180°

- N

The diagram above shows that our bearing will be in the 3rd quadrant, between 180°
and 270°

© 2002 School of Surveying and Spatial Information Systems, UNSW


 - 20023.887 
  Tan 1  
 - 12136.619 
= 58.77965125

This is in the wrong quadrant so we have to add 180°

58°.77965125 + 180°
55000

N
= 238.77965125
A
To convert to degrees, minutes and seconds:

Northing
45000
The degrees is just the integer of 238.77965125:
N
Degrees = 238º
B
E
Minutes = (238.77965125 - 238)  60 35000
= 46.779075 (take the integer of this) 10000 20000 30000 40000

= 46’ Easting

46
Seconds = (238.77965125 - 238 - )  3600
60
= 46.7”

Therefore:

 = 238°46’46.7”

Check by reverse solution:

We can check our result by working backwards starting at point A and calculating the
coordinates of B using the derived bearing and distance.

ΔE AB  d AB sin β AB
= 23414.815  sin(238°46’46.7”)
= -20023.884

ΔN AB  d AB cos β AB
= 23414.815  cos(238°46’46.7”)
= -12136.623

Coordinates of B:
EB = 32255.751 + -20023.884
= 12231.867

© 2002 School of Surveying and Spatial Information Systems, UNSW


NB = 49076.286 + -12136.623
= 36939.663

Now you will notice that the easting and northing of B differs by 3mm and 4mm
respectively. This is due to the rounding of our bearing (0.1” error over our 23km line
represents about 11mm).

l=r
= 24000  0.1”  
= 11mm
11mm
0.1”
A 24 km B

Excel Example:
55000

A
Northing

45000

N

B
E

35000
10000 20000 30000 40000
Easting

Formulae:

© 2002 School of Surveying and Spatial Information Systems, UNSW


Now try solving this question yourself.

Two points have the following coordinates:

Point Easting Northing


A 32.751 50076.286
B 121.864 49939.667

Calculate the bearing A to B and distance AB.


(Check your answer using the above methods).

© 2002 School of Surveying and Spatial Information Systems, UNSW

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