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2G Theory and Concept: Common Question About RF Optimization

Interference occurs when signals from multiple sources superimpose, increasing or decreasing the overall amplitude. There are two main types of interference in cellular networks: co-channel interference caused by using the same frequency in neighboring cells; and adjacent channel interference when a cell uses a frequency near a neighbor's frequency. There are several ways to improve voice quality in 2G networks, including reducing interference, fixing hardware issues, and optimizing transmission. A key method is increasing the full rate traffic setting by adjusting parameters like TCHBUSYTHRESHOLD and AMRTCHHPRIORLOAD to reduce lower quality half-rate traffic in cells with spare capacity. Cell selection is when a UE chooses an initial serving cell on startup, while cell

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52 views3 pages

2G Theory and Concept: Common Question About RF Optimization

Interference occurs when signals from multiple sources superimpose, increasing or decreasing the overall amplitude. There are two main types of interference in cellular networks: co-channel interference caused by using the same frequency in neighboring cells; and adjacent channel interference when a cell uses a frequency near a neighbor's frequency. There are several ways to improve voice quality in 2G networks, including reducing interference, fixing hardware issues, and optimizing transmission. A key method is increasing the full rate traffic setting by adjusting parameters like TCHBUSYTHRESHOLD and AMRTCHHPRIORLOAD to reduce lower quality half-rate traffic in cells with spare capacity. Cell selection is when a UE chooses an initial serving cell on startup, while cell

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moses
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2G Theory and Concept

This chapter is part of previous post about Common question about RF Optimization.In This post I would like to
share about 2G theory and concept that I ask to RF Guys that promoted to become RF Optimization Engineer. May
be this post also use full for you especially for RF Engineer who will promoted also to become Optimization guy or
just for your reference to improve your knowledge about basic RF Optimization. Here are the question that I made
for RF Team and also the Best Answer I got from the Winner.

1. What do you know about interference?

Interference definition from Wikipedia:"interference is a phenomenon in which two waves superpose to form a
resultant wave of greater, lower, or the same amplitude. Interference usually refers to the interaction of waves that
are correlated or coherent with each other, either because they come from the same source or because they have the
same or nearly the same frequency"

Good Answer from RF Team:


Interference is RF Condition when Primary signal(Carrier) disrupted by other Signal that have same frequency or
gap +-1 value of Primary frequency. There are 2 type of Channel interference: Co-channel interference and
Adjacent Interference.
- Co-channel Interference is interference caused by the use of the same frequency by a cell carrier and also another
cell and its antenna facing each other. Example : Cell A with frequency 642 facing cell B with same frequency 642
too.

- Adjacent Interference is interference when Primary cell interfered by other cells with have frequency value gap +-1
from Primary cell. Example: Cell A with frequency 642 interfered by Cell B with frequency 641 or Frequency C
with frequency 643

2. How to improve Voice Quality in 2G?


There area many ways to improve voice quality such as: Clearing frequency interference, Hardware problem
solving, transmission problem clearance, TRX Layering Priority and Increase Full rate setting. Buat Answer from
RF Team is to the point--->>Increase Full rate Setting(Reduce Half rate) by setting TCHBISYTHRESHOLD and
AMRTCHHPRIORLOAD for cells with low TCH Utilization.Of course this is correct answer because we are in
Huawei Project :D. Increase Full rate also great impact to reduce drop call rate and improve VQI(Voice Quality
Index) in 2G Huawei network

3.What is different between Cell selection/reselection and Handover?


Good Answer from RF team:
- Cell selection is The condition when UE camp on a Cell during start up from Switch Off
- Cell reselection : The condition when UE re-camp to other cell from a cell in Idle Mode because of UE
moving
- Handover: The condition when serving cell change from a cell to other cells during connected mode
because of UE moving.

4. What do you know about CRO?


Good answer from RF team:
CRO: Cell reselect Offset
Coefficient that functioned to make a cell aggressive serving(dominant) or not dominant. When
PT=0,Increasing this value will make serving cells aggressive(increasing traffic).When PT=31,increasing
this value will make serving not dominant

5. In order to increase TCH traffic(erl),PT setting to zero(PT=0).What is the setting of CRO? Increase or
decrease?
Correct answer: Increase value of CRO(cell reselect offset)

6. Please explain how to do traffic sharing in 2G?


Good answer from RF Team:
- Audit neighbor cells and do physical tuning.
- Make Faster/Easier Handover to neighbor cells for cells with high traffic to the lowest traffic. Ex:
decrease value of: HOM(Handover margin),etc
-Make difficult handover from other cells to the highest traffic cells(ex: Increase HOM)
-Idle Setting parameter: Increase value of CRO for low traffic cells(PT=0)

7. What do you know about Power Control in GSM?


Good Answer from RF Team:
Power control is used to save power consume of MS/BTS. Power in MS/BTS will decrease in certain
threshold when signal is considered as a Good and increase when considered as a bad.Power control is
also used to reduce frequency interference.

8.There are 1 TRX in a cell in Hoping mode that not used power control but use Full power.Which one of
TRX?

Correct Answer: TRX BCCH(TRX:0)

9. What is the benefit of Handover?


Good Answer from RF Team: Handover keep a call connected while user moving and continuing
conversation between user.Handover also reduce interference and avoid cells overload.

10. What do you know about PBGTMARGIN?


PBGTMARGIN( Power Budget Margin) is Handover margin parameter in adjacent level that used to make
faster or delay of handover to keep good mobility.

11. If you found TCH Blocking, what are your action to optimize TCH Blocking rate?
Good Answer from RF Team:
- Check for channel allocation, check SDCCH utilization, if found low SDCCH Utilization(<<60%) then
need to convert SDCCH to TCHFR
- Check hardware problem(get measurement TCH availability from statistic), if found degraded the need
to escalate hardware problem to Field maintenance Team
- Check Timing advance, if found High TA need to do physical Tuning(down tilt)
- Check Neighbor relation, make sure doesn't missing any relation that causing handover problem and
impact to congest on a cell.
- Check Half Rate Parameter (TCHBUSYTHRESHOLD/AMRTCHHPRIORLOAD ex. in Huawei), adjust
HR setting if needed--->reduce value of TCHBUSYTHRESHOLD/AMRTCHHPRIORLOAD.

12. How Many MCS used in EDGE ?


Correct Answer: 9 MCS

2G Daily OSS and Optimization Analysis


To be Continued

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