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Determinants and Singular Matrices PDF

The document discusses determinants and singular matrices. It defines the determinant of a matrix as providing information about the matrix and being a tool for solving systems of equations. It states that if the determinant of a matrix is 0, the matrix is called singular, meaning it does not have an inverse and the associated system of equations has no unique solutions. Several examples of calculating determinants and identifying singular matrices are provided.

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424 views2 pages

Determinants and Singular Matrices PDF

The document discusses determinants and singular matrices. It defines the determinant of a matrix as providing information about the matrix and being a tool for solving systems of equations. It states that if the determinant of a matrix is 0, the matrix is called singular, meaning it does not have an inverse and the associated system of equations has no unique solutions. Several examples of calculating determinants and identifying singular matrices are provided.

Uploaded by

Anderson Alfred
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Determinants Singular Matrices

Associated with each square matrix is a special number called the Determinant. The determinant gives
us information about the matrix and is a tool for solving systems of equations.

a b
Given matrix A    the determinant of matrix A, written as A or DetA is ad  bc .
c d 

If the determinant of a matrix is 0 (Zero) that is if ad  bc  0 the matrix is called SINGULR MATRIX. A
singular matrix is special in that it does not have an inverse; it also indicates that the system of
equations from which it is derived has no unique solutions.

Examples

 3 2   5 3c   6 3
P  M   W  
1 1  2 b   2 1
Example 1 P  3  1  1  2  Example 2. M  5  b  2  3c Example 3. W  6 1  3  2
P  3   2  M  5b  6c W  66
P 5 W 0

Example 3 above is a singular matrix since its determinant is 0

 2x 3
Example 4. Given that B   
 4 5

(a) Write the expression which represents B


(b) For what value of x is matrix B a singular matrix.

Solution

B  2x  5  3 4
(a)
B  10 x  12
(b) Matrix B is a singular matrix if the value of the determinant is 0. So we set the determinant = to
10 x  12  0
10 x  12  12  0  12
0 and solve 10 x  12
12
x
10

Example 5

 a 3
Given That T   
b 2

(a) Write an expression in a and b to represent the determinant of T


(b) Write down three pair of values for a and b that would cause matrix T to be singular.

a b T  a 2  b3
Solution
3 2 T  2a  3b
0 0
6 4
Worksheet Determinants and Singular matrices

ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS

 1
3 2  8
1. Given that R    and T   2
5 1 
 4 1 

a. Calculate the determinant of R

b. Show that T  10

2. WRITE down the determinants of the following matrices

 sin  0
a. W   
 9 3 

2 b
b. X  
7 a

 x 2y
c. V  
 2 3x 

 1 3 
3. Show that the matrix B    is non-singular
2 7 

4 2
4. Given that N is the singular matrix   Find the value of k
3 k 

 3 5p
5. Z is the matrix  3
15 p 

a. Write down the determinant of Z

b. Calculate the values of p which make the matrix Z singular

3 b
6. Given that M   
1 a 

a. State the determinant of M

b. Create a pair of values of a and b such that M is singular

 2q 0
7. T is the matrix  
 p p

a. State the determinant of T

1
b. If q  and p  4 determine the numerical value of the determinant of T
2

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