BL Integration by Parts
BL Integration by Parts
∫x ∫ x e dx ∫x ∫x
2 3 x 2 2
6. (i) cos x dx (ii) (iii) sin x cos x dx (iv) sin 2 x dx
x
7. (i) ∫ x sin 3xdx (ii) ∫ x cos 2 xdx (iii) ∫ x sec2 x dx (iv) ∫
1 − cos 2 x
dx
x x x − sin x
∫ x cos ∫ 1 − cos x dx
3
(v) ∫ x sin 2 cos 2 cos x dx (vi) x dx (vii)
8. (i) ∫ cos
x
2
x
dx (ii) ∫ x sin
3
xdx ( )
(iii) ∫ 1 − x 2 sin 2 x dx
x +1 x + sin x
15. ∫ e ( 2 + x )2
16. ∫ x sin 2 x cos 3x dx 17. ∫ 1 + cos x dx 18. ∫ (1 + x ) log x dx
x
dx
log x
19. ∫x
2
log (1 + x ) dx 20. ∫ (1 + x ) dx 3
21. ∫ (5 x + 3) 2 x − 1dx
∫x ∫x ∫x
2
22. (i) cos −1 x dx (ii) 2
cot −1 x dx (iii) 2
cosec −1 x dx
x x sin −1 x
23. (i) ∫ 1 + sin x dx (ii) ∫ sin −1 (3 x − 4 x3 )dx (iii) ∫ 1 − x2
dx
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2 (BOARD LEVEL, XII) BY R. K. MALIK’S NEWTON CLASSES
24. (i) Taking x as x (1/ x ) integrate it by parts. Use this to find
2 3
∫x
2
log x dx .
(ii) Taking sin x as (sin x)(1), integrate it by parts. Use this to find ∫ x cos x dx .
25. (i) ∫ e ax sin bx dx (ii) ∫ e ax cos bx dx (iii) ∫ sin(log x)dx (iv) ∫ e −x
cos 2 x cos 4 x dx
sin −1 x x tan −1 x
∫x ∫ x tan x sec ∫ (iv) ∫
5 3 2
27. (i) cos x dx (ii) x dx (iii) 3
dx 3
dx
(1 − x )2 2
(1 + x )
2 2
cos x + sin x
∫ x tan
−1
28. (i) ∫ cos 2 x.log dx (ii) (2 x + 3)dx
cos x − sin x
sin −1 x − cos −1 x
∫ (sin x )
2
29. (i) −1
dx (ii) ∫ cos −1 xdx (iii) ∫ sin −1 x + cos−1 x dx
1 1 xe x
30. (i) ∫ e x ( cot x + log sin x ) dx (ii) ∫ e x − 2 dx (iii) ∫ dx
x x ( x + 1) 2
1 − sin x 1 1
(iv) ∫ e x (v) ∫ e ( tan x + log sec x ) dx (vi) ∫
x
dx − dx
1 − cos x log x ( log x )2
1
(vii) ∫ sin ( log x ) + cos ( log x ) dx (viii) ∫ log ( log x ) + dx
2
( log x )
x
31. ∫e
−x
( )
tan −1 e x dx . 32. ∫ log (1 + cos x ) − x tan 2 dx 33. ∫ log x.sin −1 x dx
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(ii) I = ∫ x sin 3 x dx
Integrating by parts, taking x as first function, we get
− cos 3 x − cos 3 x x cos 3 x 1
I = x − ∫ 1⋅ dx = − + ∫ cos 3 x dx
3 3 3 3
x cos 3 x 1 sin 3 x x cos 3 x sin 3 x
=− + ⋅ +C = − + +C
3 3 3 3 9
(iii) I = ∫ x 2 sin x dx
1 2 3x 2 3x 2 3x 1 2 2 e3 x
= x e − xe + ∫ e dx = x 2 e3 x − xe3 x + +C
3 9 9 3 9 9 3
1 2 3x 2 3x 2 3x 1 2 2
= x e − xe + e + C = x 2 − x + e3 x + C
3 9 27 3 9 27
(v) I = ∫ ( x − 1) e − x dx
I = − ( x − 1) e− x + ∫ 1 ⋅ e − x dx = − ( x − 1) e − x − e− x + C = − xe− x + e − x − e− x + C = − xe − x + C
2
(vi) I = ∫ ( x + 1) e x dx
2
Integrating by pats, taking ( x + 1) as Ist function, we get
2
= ( x + 1) e x − ∫ 2 ( x + 1)e x dx
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2 2
I = ( x + 1) e − 2∫ ( x + 1)e dx = e x ( x + 1) − 2 ( x + 1) e x − ∫ 1 ⋅ e x dx
x x
2 2
= e x ( x + 1) − 2e x ( x + 1) + 2e x + C = e x ( x + 1) − 2 ( x + 1) + 2 + C
( ) (
= ex x2 + 2 x + 1 − 2 x − 2 + 2 + C = ex x2 + 1 + C )
(vii) I = ∫ x 2 x dx
Integrating by parts, taking x as the first function, we get
2x 2x 2x 1
I = x ∫
− 1 ⋅ dx = x − ∫ 2 x dx
log 2 log 2 log 2 log 2
x2x 1 2x x 2x 2x
= − +C = −
log 2 log 2 log 2 log 2 ( log 2 )2
(viii) I = ∫ 2 x 3e x dx = ∫ ( 2 x ) x 2 e x dx
2 2
Put x 2 = z ⇒ 2 xdx = dz . ∴ I = ∫ z e z dz
3 1
2. Let, I = ∫ x 2 e x cos x 3dx Put x3 = z ⇒ 3 x 2 dx = dz ⇒ x 2 dx = dz
3
1 1 z
∴ I = ∫ e z cos z. dz
3∫
⇒ I= e cos z dz
3
1
Integrating by parts, we get, I = e z .∫ cos z dz − ∫ ( e z ) .∫ cos z dz dz
d
3 dz
1 1 1
= e z sin z − ∫ e z sin z dz = e z sin z − ∫ e z sin z dz
3 3 3
1 1 d
= e z sin z − e z .∫ sin z dz − ∫ ( e z ) .∫ sin z dz dz [Again integrating by parts]
3 3 dz
1 1 1 1 1
= e z sin z − e z ( − cos z ) − ∫ e z ( − cos z ) dz = e z sin z + e z cos z − ∫ e z cos z dz
3 3 3 3 3
1 1 1 ∵ I = e z cos z dz
⇒ I = e z sin z + e z cos z − I
3 3 3 ∫
1 1 4 1 1
⇒ 1 + I = e z [sin z + cos z ] ⇒ I = e z [sin z + cos z ] ⇒ I = e z ( sin z + cos z )
3 3 3 3 4
1
⇒ I = e x ( sin x3 + cos x 3 ) + C
3
∵ z = x 3
4
3. Let, I = ∫ sec3 x dx = ∫ sec x.sec 2 x dx = sec x tan x − ∫ ( sec x tan x ) tan x dx
( ) (
= sec x tan x − ∫ sec x tan 2 x dx = sec x tan x − ∫ sec2 x − 1 sec x dx )
= sec x tan x − ∫ (sec3 x dx + ∫ sec x dx = sec x tan x − I + ∫ sec x dx ∵ I = sec3 x dx
∫
sec x tan x 1
or 2 I = sec x tan x + log | sec x + tan x | ∴ I= + log | sec x + tan x | +C
2 2
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(BOARD LEVEL, XII) BY R. K. MALIK’S NEWTON CLASSES 3
log ( x + 2 ) 1 −2
4. (i) Let, I = ∫ 2
dx = ∫ log ( x + 2 ) . 2
dx = ∫ ( x + 2 ) .log ( x + 2 ) dx
( x + 2) ( x + 2)
−2 d −2
Integrating by parts, we get, I = log ( x + 2 ) .∫ ( x + 2 ) dx − ∫ log ( x + 2 ) .∫ ( x + 2 ) dx dx
dx
−2 +1 −2 +1
( x + 2) 1 ( x + 2) log ( x + 2 ) 1
= log ( x + 2 ) . −∫ . dx = − +∫ dx
( −2 + 1) x + 2 −2 + 1 ( x + 2) ( x + 2)
2
−2 +1
log ( x + 2 ) −2 log ( x + 2 ) ( x + 2)
=− + ∫ ( x + 2 ) dx = − + +C
x+2 x+2 ( −2 + 1)
log ( x + 2 ) 1
Hence, I = − − +C
x+2 ( x + 2)
(ii) Let, I = ∫ e x cos x dx …(1)
d
Integrating by parts, we get, I = cos x.∫ e x dx − ∫ ( cos x ) .∫ e x dx dx
dx
= cos xe x − ∫ ( − sin x ) e x dx = e x cos x + ∫ e x sin x dx
Again integrating by parts, we get,
d
e x cos x + sin x.∫ e x dx − ∫ ( sin x ) .∫ e x dx dx = e x cos x + sin xe x − ∫ cos x e x dx
dx
ex
⇒ I = e cos x + e sin x − I
x x
⇒ 2 I = e ( cos x + sin x )
x
⇒ I = ( sin x + cos x ) + C
2
(iii) Let, I = ∫ cos −1 x dx = ∫ 1.cos −1 x dx
d
Integrating by parts, we get, I = cos −1 x.∫ 1.dx − ∫ ( cos −1 x ) .∫ 1.dx dx
dx
−1 x
= cos −1 x. x − ∫ . x dx = x cos −1 x + ∫ dx
1 − x2 1 − x2
1
Put 1 − x 2 = z ⇒ −2 x dx = dz ⇒ x dx = − dz
2
− 1 +1
1 1 1 −1/2 1 z 2
∴ I = x cos −1 x + ∫ − dz = x cos x − ∫ z dz = x cos x − 1 + C
−1 −1
z 2 2 2 − + 1
2
= x cos −1 x − z1/ 2 + C = x cos −1 x − z + C
Hence, I = x cos −1 x − 1 − x 2 + c ∵1 − x 2 = z
d
5. (i) Let, I = ∫ log x dx = ∫ log x.1dx = (log x).∫ 1.dx − ∫ (log x) ∫ 1.dx dx
dx
1
= (log x) x − ∫ .x dx = x log x − ∫ dx . Hence, I = x log x − x + C
x
( ) { (
(ii) Let, I = ∫ log 1 + x 2 dx = ∫ log 1 + x 2 .1 dx = log 1 + x 2 ) } ( ) ∫ 1.dx − ∫ dxd {log (1 + x )}.∫ 1.dx dx
2
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2x x2
= log (1 + x 2 ) x − ∫ x dx = x log ( ) ∫ 1 + x2 dx
1 + x 2
− 2
(1 + x2 )
1
( )
= x log 1 + x 2 − 2 ∫ 1 − 2
1+ x
(
dx = x log 1 + x 2 − 2 ∫ dx + 2 ∫ )dx
1 + x2
( )
Hence, I = x log 1 + x 2 − 2 x + 2 tan −1 x + C
∴ I = ∫ tan −1 x dx = ∫ t.sec 2 t dt
1 1 1 1
= x tan −1 x + log +C ∵ tan t = x ⇒ cos t = = =
1 + x2 sec t 1 + tan 2 t 1 + x2
1
Hence, I = x tan −1 x − log |1 + x 2 | +C
2
(v) Let, I = ∫ sec−1 x dx . Put sec−1 x = t ⇒ x = sec t ⇒ dx = sec t tan t dt
{
= x 3e x − 3 x 2 e x − ∫ 2 xe x dx } [Again integrating by parts]
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(BOARD LEVEL, XII) BY R. K. MALIK’S NEWTON CLASSES 5
1 1 − cos 2 x − cos 2 x
= ∫ x 2 sin 2 xdx = x 2 − ∫ 2 x dx [Integrating by parts]
2 2 2 2
1 − x 2 cos 2 x
= + ∫ x cos 2 x dx
2 2
1 − x 2 cos 2 x sin 2 x sin 2 x
= + x. −∫ dx [Again integrating by parts]
2 2 2 2
1 − x 2 cos 2 x x sin 2 x cos 2 x − x 2 cos 2 x x sin 2 x cos 2 x
= + + +C . Hence, I= + + +C
2 2 2 4 4 4 8
(1 − cos 2 x) 1 1
(iv) Let, I = ∫ x 2 sin 2 xdx = ∫ x 2 dx = ∫ x 2 (1 − cos 2 x)dx = ∫ x 2 dx − ∫ x 2 cos 2 x dx
2 2 2
1 x3 2 sin 2 x sin 2 x
= − x . − ∫ 2 x. dx [Integrating by parts]
2 3 2 2
1 x3 x 2 sin 2 x
= − + ∫ x sin 2 x dx
2 3 2
1 x 3 x 2 sin 2 x − cos 2 x − cos 2 x
= − + x − ∫ dx [Again integrating by parts]
2 3 2 2 2
x3 x 2 sin 2 x x cos 2 x sin 2 x
Hence, I = − − + +C
6 4 4 8
d ( x)
7. (i) Let, I = ∫ x sin 3 x dx = x ∫ sin 3 x dx − ∫
dx
( ∫ sin 3x dx ) dx [Integrating by parts]
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1 1
=
4 ∫ x.(2sin x cos x)dx = ∫ x sin 2 x dx
4
1 − cos 2 x cos 2 x
= x. + ∫ 1. dx [Integrating by parts]
4 2 2
1 − x cos 2 x 1 1 − x cos 2 x 1 − x cos 2 x sin 2 x
= + ∫ cos 2 x dx Hence, I = + sin 2 x + C = + +C
4 2 2 4 2 4 8 16
( )
(iii) Let, I = ∫ 1 − x 2 sin 2 x dx
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(BOARD LEVEL, XII) BY R. K. MALIK’S NEWTON CLASSES 7
− cos 2 x − cos 2 x
⇒ I = (1 − x 2 ) − ∫ ( −2 x ) dx [Integration by parts]
2 2
x2 − 1 x2 − 1 sin 2 x sin 2 x
= cos 2 x − ∫ x cos 2 x dx = cos 2 x − x − ∫ 1. dx
2 2 2 2
x2 −1 x 1 cos 2 x x 2 − 1 x 1
= cos 2 x − sin 2 x + − = cos 2 x − sin 2 x − cos 2 x
2 2 2 2 2 2 4
2x2 − 3 x
Hence, I = cos 2 x − sin 2 x + C
4 2
1 + cos 2 x 1 2 1 2
9. Let, I = ∫ x 2 cos 2 x dx = ∫ x 2 dx = ∫ x dx + ∫ x cos 2 x dx
2 2 2
1 x 3 1 sin 2 x sin 2 x
= . + x2 − ∫ 2x dx [Integrating by parts]
2 3 2 2 2
x 3 x 2 sin 2 x 1
= + − ∫ x sin 2 x dx
6 4 2
x3 x 2 sin 2 x 1 cos 2 x − cos 2 x
= + − x − − ∫ 1. dx [Again integrating by parts]
6 4 2 2 2
x 3 x 2 sin 2 x x cos 2 x 1 x 3 x 2 sin 2 x x cos 2 x 1
= + + − ∫ cos 2 x dx . Hence, I = + + − sin 2 x + C
6 4 4 4 6 4 4 8
10. (i) Let, I = ∫ x cos −1 x dx ∴ I = ∫ cos −1 x.xdx
x2 −1 x 2
⇒ I = cos −1 x. −∫ . dx [Integrating by parts]
2 1 − x2 2
x2 1 x2 x2
⇒ I= cos −1 x + ∫ dx Let, I1 = ∫ dx . Put x = cos θ ∴ dx = − sin θ dθ
2 2 1 − x2 1 − x2
cos 2 θ 1 + cos 2θ 1 1 sin 2θ
∴ I1 = ∫ .(− sin θ )dθ = − ∫ cos 2 θ dθ = − ∫ dθ = − θ − .
2
1 − cos θ 2 2 2 2
x2 1 1 x 1 − x2 x2 1 1
−1 −1
I = cos x + − cos x − +C = cos −1 x − cos −1 x − x 1 − x 2 + C
2 2 2 2
2 4 4
1 − cos 2θ − cos 2θ
⇒ I = − θ . − ∫ 1. dθ [Integrating by parts]
2 2 2
θ cos 2θ 1 θ cos 2θ 1 sin 2θ
= − ∫ cos 2θ dθ = − . +C
4 4 4 4 2
θ ( 2 cos 2 θ − 1) 1 θ cos 2 θ θ cos θ 1 − cos 2 θ
= − .2 sin θ cos θ + C = − − +C
4 8 2 4 4
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Hence, I =
( cos x ) x
−1 2
−
cos −1 x x 1 − x 2
− +C
2 4 4
(ii) Let, I = ∫ x cot −1 xdx ⇒ I = ∫ cot −1 x.xdx
x2 −1 x 2
Integrating by parts, we get, I = ∫ x cot −1 x dx = cot −1 x − ∫ . dx
2 1 + x2 2
x 2 cot −1 x 1 x2 x 2 cot −1 x 1 1 x 2 cot −1 x 1
=
2
+ ∫
2 1+ x 2
dx =
2
+ ∫ 1 −
2 1+ x 2
dx =
2
+ x − tan −1 x + C
2
=
x 2 cot −1 x 1 1π −1
+ x − − cot x + C =
x 2 + 1 cot −1 x 1 π
+ x− +C
( )
2 2 2 2 2 2 4
=
(x 2
)
+ 1 cot −1 x
+
1
x + C1 , where C1 = C −
π
2 2 4
(iii) Let, I = ∫ x cosec −1 x dx ⇒ I = ∫ cosec −1 x.xdx
x2 −1 x2
Integrating by parts, we get, I = cosec x. − ∫ . dx −1
2 x x2 −1 2
x 2 cosec −1 x 1 x
⇒ I= + ∫ dx …(i)
2 2 2
x −1
x 1 dz 1 z1/ 2
Let, I1 = ∫ dx . Put z = x 2 − 1 ∴ dz = 2 x dx ∴ I1 = ∫ . = . = z = x2 − 1
x2 − 1 z 2 2 1/ 2
x 2 cosec−1 x 1 2
∴ Putting the value of I1 in (i), we get, I = + x −1 + C
2 2
11. (i) Let, I = ∫ e x ( f ( x ) + f ′ ( x ) ) dx = ∫ f ( x ) .e x dx + ∫ e x f ′ ( x ) dx
= f ( x ) e x − ∫ f ′ ( x ) e x dx + ∫ e x f ′ ( x ) dx = f ( x ) e x + C
(ii) Let, I = ∫ e x sec x (1 + tan x) ) dx
Evaluating first integral of I by parts, we get, I = tan xe x − ∫ sec 2 x.e x dx + ∫ sec2 x.e x dx = tan x.e x + C
x2 + 1
(iv)Let, I = ∫ e x dx
( x + 1)2
x2 − 1 + 2 x2 −1 2
x x −1 2
∴ I = ∫ ex dx = ∫ e x + dx = ∫ x + 1 ( x + 1)2 dx
e +
( x + 1)2 2 2
( x + 1) ( x + 1)
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d x − 1 ( x + 1) .1 − ( x − 1) .1 2
We know that = 2
= 2
dx x + 1 ( x + 1) ( x + 1)
x −1 x 2
∴ We can write I = ∫ e dx + ∫ e x . 2
dx
x +1 ( x + 1)
x −1 2 2 x −1 x
Evaluating first integral of I by parts, we get I = ex − ∫ 2
.e x
dx + ∫ ex . 2
dx = e +C
x + 1 ( x + 1) ( x + 1) x +1
2x −1
(v) Let, I = ∫ e2 x 2
dx. Put z = 2 x ∴ dz = 2dx
4x
z − 1 dz 1 z 1 1 1 1 z 1 1
∴ I = ∫ e z 2
= ∫ e − 2 dz ⇒ I= ∫ e dz − ∫ e z . 2 dz
z 2 2 z z 2 z 2 z
Evaluating first integral of I by parts, we get,
1 1 z 1 z 1 z 1 11 z e2 x
I= e − ∫ − 2 e dz − ∫ e . 2 dz = e + C = +C
2z z 2 z 2 z 4x
2 + sin x x /2
(vi) Let, I = ∫ e dx
1 + cos x
x x x
2 + 2sin cos sin
2 e x / 2 dx = sec 2 + tan e x /2 dx.
1 x x
∴ I=
∫ 2
x
2 e x / 2 dx =
∫ 2x
+
x
2 ∫ 2
2 cos 2 cos cos
2 2 2
1
Let, z =
x
2
(
∴ dz = dx . ∴ I = 2 ∫ sec 2 z + tan z e z dz
2
)
∴ We can write I = 2 ∫ tan z e z dz + 2 ∫ sec 2 ze z dz
Evaluating first integral of I by parts, we get,
x
I = 2 tan z.e z . − ∫ sec 2 z.e z dz + 2 ∫ sec 2 ze z dz = 2 tan z.e z + C = 2 tan .e x / 2 + C
2
12. (i) Let, I = ∫ x log ( x + 1) dx = ∫ log ( x + 1) .x dx
x2 1 x2
[Integrating by parts]
= log ( x + 1) . −∫ . dx
2 x +1 2
x2 1 x2 x2 1 x2 −1 + 1
= log( x + 1) − ∫ dx = log( x + 1) − ∫ dx
2 2 x +1 2 2 x +1
x2 1 x2 −1 1 x2 1 1
= log( x + 1) − ∫ + dx = log ( x + 1) − ∫ ( x − 1) + dx
2 2 x +1 x +1 2 2 x + 1
x2 1 x2
= log ( x + 1) − − x + log x + 1 + C
2 2 2
x2 x2 x 1
Hence, I = log ( x + 1) − + − log x + 1 + C =
( x 2 − 1) x2 x
log ( x + 1) − + + C
2 4 2 2 2 4 2
(1+ x )
(ii) Let, I = ∫ log (1 + x ) dx = ∫ (1 + x ) log (1 + x ) dx ∵ log m n = n log m
1 x 2
= log (1 + x ) ∫ (1 + x ) dx − ∫ x + dx [Integrating by parts]
1 + x 2
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x 1 x ( x + 2)
2
x2 1 x2 + 2x
= log (1 + x ) x + − ∫ . dx = log (1 + x ) + x − ∫ dx
2 1 + x 2 2 2 x +1
x2 + 2 x 1 x2 + 2 x + 1 −1 x2 + 2x 1 1
= log (1 + x ) − ∫ dx = log (1 + x ) . − ∫ x +1− dx
2 2 x +1 2 2 x +1
=
(x 2
+ 2x ) log (1 + x ) − x x log (1 + x )
− +
2
+ C Hence, I =
2
( x + 1) log(1 + x) − x 2 − x + C
2 4 2 2 2 4 2
x2 1 x 2
(iii) Let, I = ∫ x sin −1 x dx = (sin −1 x) −∫ . dx
2 1 − x 2 2
x2 1 − x2 x2 1 1 − x2 − 1
= .sin −1 x + ∫ dx = .sin −1 x + ∫ dx
2 2 1 − x2 2 2 1 − x2
x2 1 1 − x 2 1 x 2 1 1
= .sin −1 x + ∫ dx − ∫ dx = .sin −1 x + ∫ 1 − x 2 dx − ∫ dx
2 2 1 − x 2 1 − x 2 2 2 1 − x 2
x2 1 1 1
= .sin −1 x + x 1 − x 2 + sin −1 x − sin −1 x + C
2 2 2 2
1 2 −1 1 1
Hence, I = x sin x + x 1 − x 2 − sin −1 x + C
2 4 4
Alternatively : Let, I = ∫ x sin −1 x dx . Put sin −1 x = t ⇒ x = sin t ⇒ dx = cos t dt
1
∴ I = ∫ sin t.t.cos t dt = t ( 2sin t cos t ) dt
2∫
1 1 − cos 2t − cos 2t 1 −t cos 2t 1 sin 2t
=
2 ∫ t sin 2t dt = t
2 2
− ∫ 1.
2 2
dt =
2
+
2 2
+C
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(BOARD LEVEL, XII) BY R. K. MALIK’S NEWTON CLASSES 11
− sin −1 x 1 1 − x2
= − z cosec z + log | cosec z − cot z | +C = + log − +C
x x x
sin −1 x 1 − 1 − x2
Hence, I = − + log +C
x x
d
Integrating by parts, we get, I = log x.∫ (1 − x 2 )dx − ∫ ( log x ) .∫ (1 − x 2 ) dx dx
dx
x3 1 x3 3x − x3 x2
= log x x − − ∫ x − dx = log x − ∫ 1 − dx
3 x 3 3 3
3x − x3 1 2 3x − x3 1 x3 3x − x3 x3
=
3
log x − ∫ 1.dx +
3∫
x dx =
3
log x − x + .
3 3
+ C =
3
log x − x + + C
9
d
Integrating by parts, we get, I = log ( x + 3) ∫ xdx − ∫ ( log ( x + 3) ) ∫ xdx dx
dx
x2 1 x2 x2 1 x2
= log ( x + 3) . −∫ ( )
2 ∫ x+3
dx = log x + 3 − dx.
2 x + 3 2 2
x2 1 3x x2 1 3 x
= log ( x + 3) − ∫ x − dx = log ( x + 3) − ∫ x dx + ∫ dx
2 2 x + 3 2 2 2 x+3
x2 1 x 2 3 ( x + 3 − 3) x2 1 3 3
= log ( x + 3) − . + ∫ dx = log ( x + 3) − x 2 + ∫ 1.dx − ∫ dx
2 2 2 2 x+3 2 4 2 x+3
x2 1 3 9 1 x2 1 3 9
= log ( x + 3) − x 2 + x − ∫ dx = log ( x + 3) − x 2 + x − log ( x + 3) + C
2 4 2 2 x+3 2 4 2 2
=
(x 2
− 9)
log ( x + 3) −
x 2 3x
+ +C
2 4 2
(iii) Let, I = ∫ x3 log 2 xdx.
d
Integrating by parts, we get, I = log 2 x.∫ x 3dx − ∫ ( log 2 x ) .∫ x 3dx dx
dx
x4 1 x4 1 1 1 1 x4 1 1
= log 2 x. − ∫ ( 2 ) . dx = x 4 log 2 x − ∫ x 3 dx = x 4 log 2 x − . + C = x 4 log 2 x − x 4 + C
4 2x 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 16
log x
(iv) Let, I = ∫ n dx = ∫ x − n log x dx
x
d
Integrating by parts, we get, I = log x ∫ x − n dx − ∫ ( log x ) .∫ x − n dx dx
dx
x − n +1 1 x − n +1 1 1
= log x.
( − n + 1 )
−∫ .
x ( − n + 1)
dx =
( )
1 − n
log x. x − n +1 −
( )
1 − n ∫ x − n dx
log x 1 1 x − n +1 log x 1 1 1 1
= . − +C = − . n −1 + C = log x − +C
(1 − n ) x n −1
(1 − n ) ( −n + 1) (1 − n ) x n −1 2
(1 − n ) x (1 − n ) x n −1 (1 − n )
th
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2 2
14. (i) Let, I = ∫ ( log x ) dx = ∫ 1. ( log x ) dx
Integrating by parts, taking unity as the second function, we get,
2 d 2 2 1
I = ( log x ) .∫ 1.dx − ∫ ( log x ) .∫ 1.dx dx = ( log x ) . x − ∫ 2 log x. . x dx
dx x
2 2
= x ( log x ) − 2 ∫ log x dx = x ( log x ) − 2∫ 1.log x dx
2 d
= x ( log x ) − 2 log x.∫ 1.dx − ∫ ( log x ) .∫ 1dx dx [Again integrating by parts]
dx
1 2 2
= x ( log x ) − 2 log x. x − ∫ . x dx = x ( log x ) − 2 x log x + 2 ∫ 1.dx = x ( log x ) − 2 x log x + 2 x + C
2
x
(ii) Let, I = ∫ x 2 a 3 x dx
d
Integrating by parts, we get, I = x 2 ∫ a 3 x dx − ∫ ( x 2 ) .∫ a 3 x dx dx
dx
a 3x a3x x2a3x 2
− ∫ 2 x.
3log a 3log a ∫
= x2. dx = − x.a3 x dx
3log a 3log a
x 2a 3 x 2 d
= − x.∫ a 3 x dx − ∫ ( x ) .∫ a 3 x dx dx [Again integrating by parts]
3log a 3log a dx
x2a3x 2 a3x a3 x x 2 a 3 x 2 x a3 x 2
= − x. − ∫ 1. dx = − 2
+ 2 ∫
a 3 x dx
3log a 3log a 3log a 3log a 3log a 9 ( log a ) 9 ( log a )
x2a3x 2 3x 2 a3 x x2a3x 2 xa 3 x 2a 3 x
= − xa + . + C = − + +C
3log a 9 ( log a )2 2
9 ( log a ) 3log a 3log a 9 ( log a )2 27 ( log a )3
log x 1
(iii) Let, I = ∫ 2
dx = ∫ log x. dx
(1 + x ) (1 + x )
2
1 d 1
Integrating by parts, we get, I = log x.∫ 2
dx − ∫ ( log x ) .∫ 2
dx dx
(1 + x ) dx (1 + x )
−2 +1 −2 +1
= log x
(1 + x ) 1 (1 + x )
−∫ .
−1 1 −1
dx = − log x. (1 + x ) + ∫ (1 + x ) dx
−2 + 1 x ( −2 + 1) x
1 1 log x 1 1 1 1 1+ x − x 1
= − log x. +∫ dx = − +∫ − dx ∵ − = =
(1 + x ) x (1 + x ) (1 + x ) x 1 + x x 1 + x x (1 + x ) x (1 + x )
log x 1 1 log x
=− + ∫ dx − ∫ dx = − + log x − log 1 + x + C
(1 + x ) x 1+ x (1 + x )
log x x m
=− + log +C ∵log m − log n = log n
(1 + x ) 1+ x
x +1 x + 2 −1
15. Let, I = ∫ e x 2
dx = ∫ e x dx
(2 + x) ( 2 + x )2
x+2 1 1 1
= ∫ ex − dx = ∫ e .
x
dx − ∫ e x . dx
( x + 2 ) 2 ( x + 2 )2
( x + 2) ( x + 2)
2
th
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(BOARD LEVEL, XII) BY R. K. MALIK’S NEWTON CLASSES 13
Integrating the first integral by parts, we get,
1 x d 1 x 1
I = .∫ e dx − ∫ .∫ e dx dx − ∫ e .
x
2
dx
x+2 dx x + 2 ( x + 2)
1 x 1 x 1
= e − ∫ − 2
e dx − ∫ e x 2
dx
x+2 ( x + 2 ) ( x + 2 )
1 1 1 ex
= ex ∫
+ − ∫ ( x + 2 )2 = +C
x x
e 2
dx e dx
x+2 ( x + 2) x+2
1
Let, I = ∫ x sin 2 x cos 3 x dx =
2∫
16. x.cos 3 x sin 2 x dx
1 1 1
= .∫ x ( sin 5 x − sin x ) dx = ∫ x sin 5 xdx − x sin x dx …(1)
2 2 2
cos 5 x cos 5 x x cos 5 x 1
Now, ∫ x sin 5 x dx = x −5
− ∫ 1. −
5
dx = −
5
+ ∫ cos 5 x dx
5
x cos 5 x 1 sin 5 x x cos 5 x sin 5 x
=− + . =− + …(2)
5 5 5 5 25
Again, ∫ x sin x dx = x ( − cos x ) − ∫ 1. ( − cos x ) dx
= − x cos x + ∫ cos x dx = − x cos x + sin x …(3)
1 x cos 5 x sin 5 x 1
From (1), (2) & (3), I = − + − ( − x cos x + sin x ) + C
2 5 25 2
x cos 5 x sin 5 x x cos x sin x
Hence, I = − + + − +C
10 50 2 2
x x
2 sin cos
x + sin x x sin x x 2 2 dx
17. I =∫ dx = ∫ dx + ∫ dx = ∫ dx + ∫
1 + cos x 1 + cos x 1 + cos x 2 cos 2 x
2 cos 2 x
2 2
x x
tan tan
1 x x 1 2 − 1. 2 dx + tan x dx
= ∫ x.sec 2 dx + ∫ tan dx = x.
2 2 2 2 1 ∫ 1 ∫ 2
2 2
x x x x
= x tan − ∫ tan dx + ∫ tan dx = x tan + C
2 2 2 2
18. Let, I = ∫ (1 + x ) log x dx
2 2
th
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14 (BOARD LEVEL, XII) BY R. K. MALIK’S NEWTON CLASSES
3 3
x 1 x
⇒ I = log (1 + x ) − ∫ dx …(1)
3 3 1+ x
x3 x3 + 1 − 1 x3 + 1 dx
Now, let I1 = ∫ 1+ x ∫ x +1
dx = dx = ∫ x + 1 dx − ∫ x + 1
x3 x2
=∫ ( )
x 2 − x + 1 dx − ∫
dx
= − + x − log ( x + 1)
x +1 3 2
x3 1 x3 x 2
On putting the value of I1 in (1), we get, I = log (1 + x ) − − + x − log (1 + x ) + C
3 3 3 2
x3 + 1 x3 x2 x
⇒ I = log (1 + x ) − + − +C
3 9 6 3
log x
20. Let I = ∫ 3
dx . On integrating by parts taking as u , we get,
(1 + x )
1 1 1 log x 1 dx
I = ( log x ) . − − ∫ − dx = − . + ∫ …(1)
2 (1 + x ) 2 (1 + x ) x
2 2
2 (1 + x ) 2 (1 + x )2 x
2
1 1+ x − x 1 1 1+ x − x 1 1 1 1
Now, = = − = − = − −
x (1 + x )
2
x (1 + x )
2
x (1 + x ) (1 + x ) 2
x (1 + x ) (1 + x ) 2
x 1 + x (1 + x )2
dx 1 1 1 1 x 1
∴ ∫ x (1 + x )2 ∫ x 1 + x (1 + x )2 dx = log x − log (1 + x ) + 1 + x = log 1 + x + 1 + x
= − −
1 log 1 x 1
∴ From (1), I = − + log + +C
2
2 (1 + x ) 2 1 + x 2 (1 + x )
3 3
x3 x2
Let I1 = ∫ dx ∴ I1 = ∫ .x dx . Put z = 1 − x 2 ∴ dz = −2 xdx
2 2
1− x 1− x
1 − z dz 1
∴ I1 = ∫ . = − ∫ z −1/2 − z1/2 )dz
z −2 2
1 2 z 3/2 z 1 − x2 x2 + 2
= − 2 z1/2 − =
− 1 z = − 1 1 − x 2
= − 1− x
2
2 3 3 3 3
Putting the value of I1 in I , we get,
th
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(BOARD LEVEL, XII) BY R. K. MALIK’S NEWTON CLASSES 15
x3 cos −1 x 1 x 2 + 2 x 3 cos −1 x 1 2
I= + − 2
1− x + C = − ( x + 2) 1 − x 2 + C
3 3 3 3 9
x3 −1 x 3 x 3 cot −1 x 1 x3
−∫
3 ∫ 1 + x2
Integrating by parts, we get, I = cot −1 x. . dx = + dx
3 1 + x2 3 3
x 3 cot −1 x 1 x x 3 cot −1 x 1 x 2 1
= + ∫ x − 2
dx = + − log |1 + x 2 | + C
3 3 1+ x 3 3 2 2
x 3 cot −1 x 1 2 1
=
3 6 6
(
+ x − log 1 + x 2 + C )
(iii) I = ∫ x 2 cosec−1 x dx ⇒ I = ∫ cosec −1 x.x 2 dx
x3 cosec −1 x 1 x2
Integrating by parts, we get, I = + ∫ dx
3 3 x2 −1
x2
Let I1 = ∫ dx Put x = cosec θ ⇒ dx = − cosec θ cot θ dθ
x2 − 1
cosec 2 θ
∴ I1 = − ∫ .cosec θ cot θ dθ = − ∫ cosec3 θ dθ = − ∫ cosec θ .cosec 2 θ dθ
2
cosec θ − 1
= − − cosec θ cot θ − ∫ ( − cosec θ cot θ )( − cot θ ) dθ = cosec θ cot θ + ∫ cosec θ cot 2 θ dθ
( )
= cosec θ cot θ + ∫ cosec 2 θ − 1 cosec θ dθ
π x
log sec −
π x 4 2 π x π x
= − x tan − + + C = − x tan − − 2 log sec − + C
4 2 −
1 4 2 4 2
2
(ii) Let, I = ∫ sin −1 ( 3 x − 4 x 3 ) dx. Put x = sin θ ∴ dx = cos θ dθ
th
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16 (BOARD LEVEL, XII) BY R. K. MALIK’S NEWTON CLASSES
∴ I = ∫ sin ( 3sin θ − 4sin θ ) .cos θ dθ = ∫ sin −1 ( sin 3θ ) cos θ dθ = ∫ 3θ cos θ dθ = 3∫ θ .cos θ dθ
−1 3
1 1
(i) We have x 2 = x 3 ∫ x dx = ∫ x
2 3
24. ∴ dx
x x
x3 x3
⇒ = x 3 .log | x | − ∫ 3 x 2 log | x | dx ⇒ = x 3 log x − 3∫ x 2 log x dx
3 3
x3 x3 log x x 3
⇒ 3∫ x 2 log x dx = x3 log x − ⇒ ∫ x 2 log x dx = − +C
3 3 9
(ii) We have sin x = ( sin x )(1) ∴ ∫ sin x dx = ∫ ( sin x ) . (1) dx
⇒ − cos x = ( sin x ) x − ∫ ( cos x ) x dx ⇒ − cos x = x sin x − ∫ x cos x dx ⇒ ∫ x cos x dx = x sin x + cos x + C
e ax e ax
= sin bx. − ∫ (b cos bx ) dx [Integrating by parts]
a a
e ax sin bx b
= − ∫ cos bx e ax dx
a a
e ax sin bx b e ax e ax
= − cos bx + ∫ b sin bx dx [Again integrating by parts]
a a a a
e ax sin bx b cos bx e ax b 2
∴ I= − − 2 ∫ sin bx eax dx
a a2 a
2
a sin bx − b cos bx b b2 a sin bx − b cos bx
⇒ I = eax −
a2 I ⇒ 1 + 2 I = e ax
a2 a a2
e ax
Hence, I = [ a sin bx − b cos bx ] + C
a2 + b2
e ax eax
(ii) Let, I = ∫ e ax cos bx dx = cos bx. − ∫ b( − sin bx). dx [Integrating by parts]
a a
e ax cos bx b
= + ∫ sin bx e ax dx
a a
e ax cos bx b e ax e ax
= + sin bx − ∫ b cos bx dx [Again integrating by parts]
a a a a
e ax cos bx b b2
= + 2 sin bx. e ax − 2 ∫ e ax cos bx dx
a a a
e ax cos bx b b2 b2 ae ax cos bx + be ax sin bx
∴I = + 2 sin bx. e ax − 2 .I ⇒ 1 + 2 I =
a a a a a2
th
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(BOARD LEVEL, XII) BY R. K. MALIK’S NEWTON CLASSES 17
e ax
Hence. I = [a cos bx + b sin bx] + C
a2 + b2
(iii) Let, I = sin ( log x ) dx = ∫ sin ( log x )1.dx
1
= sin ( log x ) .x − ∫ cos ( log x ) . .xdx [Integrating by parts]
x
= x sin ( log x ) − ∫ cos ( log x ) .1dx
⇒ I = x sin ( log x ) − x cos ( log x ) − ∫ sin ( log x ) dx ⇒ I = x sin ( log x ) − x cos ( log x ) − I
(sin 6 x) sin 6 x
Now, I1 = ∫ e− x cos 6 x dx = e− x
6
(
− ∫ −e− x )
6
dx
e− x sin 6 x 1 − x
⇒ I1 = + ∫ e sin 6 x dx
6 6
e− x sin 6 x 1 − x − cos 6 x − x − cos 6 x
⇒ I1 =
6
+ e
6 6
(
− ∫ −e
6
) dx
e− x sin 6 x e − x cos 6 x 1 e− x sin 6 x e − x cos 6 x 1
⇒ I1 = − − ∫ e− x cos 6 x dx ⇒ I1 = − − I1
6 36 36 6 36 36
1 e− x 37 e− x
⇒ I1 + I1 = [ 6sin 6 x − cos 6 x ] ⇒ I1 = [ 6sin 6 x − cos 6 x ]
36 36 36 36
e− x
∴ I1 = [6 sin 6 x − cos 6 x ] + C1 …(2)
37
(sin 2 x) sin 2 x
And I 2 = ∫ e − x cos 2 x dx ⇒ I 2 = e− x
2
(
− ∫ −e− x )
2
dx
1 −x 1
⇒ I2 = e sin 2 x + ∫ e − x sin 2 x dx
2 2
1 1 − cos 2 x − x − cos 2 x
⇒ I 2 = e − x sin 2 x + e − x − ∫ ( − e ) dx
2 2 2 2
1 1 −e− x cos 2 x 1 − x
⇒ I 2 = e− x sin 2 x + − ∫ e cos 2 x dx
2 2 2 2
1 1 1
⇒ I 2 = e − x sin 2 x − e − x cos 2 x − ∫ e − x cos 2 x dx
2 4 4
th
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18 (BOARD LEVEL, XII) BY R. K. MALIK’S NEWTON CLASSES
1 1 1 1 1
⇒ I 2 = e − x sin 2 x − e − x cos 2 x − I 2 ⇒ I 2 + I 2 = e− x [ 2sin 2 x − cos 2 x ]
2 4 4 4 4
5 1 −x e− x
⇒ I 2 = e [ 2 sin 2 x − cos 2 x ] ⇒ I 2 = [ 2sin 2 x − cos 2 x ] + C2 …(3)
4 4 5
Now, from (1), (2) and (3) , we get
1 e− x e− x
I= ( 6 sin 6 x − cos 6 x ) + ( 2sin 2 x − cos 2 x ) + C , where C = C1 + C2
2 37 5
e− x 1 1
Hence, I = 37 (6sin 6 x − cos 6 x) + 5 (2sin 2 x − cos 2 x) + C
2
26. (i) Let, I = ∫ sin 3 xdx
1 1
Put x=z ⇒ dx = dz ⇒ dx = dz ⇒ dx = 2 z dz
2 x 2z
3 1
∴ I = ∫ ( sin 3 z )2 z dz = 2 ∫ z sin 3 z dz = 2 ∫ z sin z − sin 3z dz
4 4
3 3 3 3 1
∵ sin 3 A = 3sin A − 4sin A ⇒ 4sin A = 3sin A − sin 3 A ⇒ sin A = 4 sin A − 4 sin 3 A
3 1
= ∫ z sin z dz − ∫ z sin 3 z dz
2 2
Integrating by parts, we get,
3 d 1 d
I= z.∫ sin z dz − ∫ ( z ) .∫ sin z dz dz − z.∫ sin 3z dz − ∫ ( z ) .∫ sin 3z dz dz
2 dz 2 dz
3 1 − cos 3z − cos 3z
z. ( − cos z ) − ∫ 1. ( − cos z ) dz − z.
3 ∫
= − 1. dz
2 2 3
3 3 1 1
= − z cos z + ∫ cos z dz + z cos 3 z − ∫ cos 3 z dz
2 2 6 6
3 3 1 1 sin 3 z 3 3 1 1
= − z cos z + sin z + z cos 3 z − + C = − z cos z + sin z + z cos 3 z − sin 3 z + C
2 2 6 6 3 2 2 6 18
3 3 1 1
=− x cos x + sin x + x cos 3 x − sin 3 x + C
2 2 6 18
(ii) Let, I = ∫ sec −1 x dx
1 1
Put x=z ⇒ dx = dz ⇒ dx = dz ⇒ dx = 2 z dz
2 x 2z
∴ I = ∫ ( sec −1 z ) 2 z dz = 2 ∫ z sec −1 z dz
d
Integrating by parts, we get, I = 2 sec −1 z.∫ z dz − ∫ ( sec −1 z ) .∫ zdz dz
dz
z2 1 z2 z
= 2 sec −1 z. − ∫ . dz = z 2 sec −1 z − ∫ dz
2 z z2 − 1 2 z2 − 1
z
⇒ I = z 2 sec −1 z − I1 …(1) where I1 = ∫ dz
2
z −1
th
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(BOARD LEVEL, XII) BY R. K. MALIK’S NEWTON CLASSES 19
1
Put z 2 − 1 = y ⇒ 2z dz = dy ⇒ zdz = dy
2
− 1 +1
1 1 1 −1/2 1 y 2 1 y1/ 2
∴ I1 = ∫ dy = ∫ y dy = 1 = × = y
y 2 2 2 − + 1 2 (1/ 2 )
2
= z2 −1 ∵ y = z 2 − 1
d
Integrating by parts, we get, I = log sin x.∫ cos x dx − ∫ ( log sin x ) .∫ cos x dx dx
dx
1
= ( log sin x )( sin x ) − ∫ cos x .sin x dx
sin x
= sin x ( log sin x ) − ∫ cos x dx = sin x ( log sin x ) − sin x + C
1
27. (i) Let, I = ∫ x5 cos x 3dx = ∫ x 3 cos x3 .x 2 dx . Put x3 = t ⇒ 3 x 2 dx = dt ⇒ x 2 dx = dt
3
1 1
∴ I = ∫ t cos t dt = t sin t − ∫ {1.sin t } dt [Integrating by parts]
3 3
1 1
= [t sin t + cos t ] + C . Hence, I = x 3 sin x3 + cos x3 + C
3 3
(ii) Let, I = ∫ x tan x sec2 x dx . Put tan x = z ⇒ x = tan −1 z ⇒ sec2 xd x = dz
z2 1 z2
( )
∴ I = ∫ tan −1 z z dz = tan −1 z.
2
−∫ . dz
1+ z2 2
[Integrating by parts]
z2 1 z2 z2 1 z2 +1 −1
tan −1 z − ∫
2 ∫ 1+ z2
−1
= dz = tan z − dz
2 2 1+ z2 2
z2 1 1 z2 1
= tan −1 z − ∫ 1 − 2
dz = tan −1 z − z − tan −1 z + C
2 2 1+ z 2 2
x tan 2 x 1 x
Hence, I = − tan x + + C
2 2 2
sin −1 x
(iii) Let, I = ∫ 3
dx . Put sin −1 x = t ⇒ x = sin t ⇒ dx = cos t dt
(1 − x ) 2 2
t cos t t cos t
∴ I =∫ 3
dt = ∫ 3
dt = ∫ t sec 2 t dt = t. ( tan t ) − ∫ {1. tan t}dt [Integrating by parts]
2 cos t
(1 − sin t ) 2
th
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20 (BOARD LEVEL, XII) BY R. K. MALIK’S NEWTON CLASSES
−1
x tan x
(iv) Let, I = ∫ 3
dx . Put tan −1 x = t ⇒ x = tan t ⇒ dx = sec2 t dt
(1 + x ) 2 2
∴ I =∫
( tan t ) t .sec2 t dt
3
(1 + tan t ) 2 2
( tan t ) t dt =
=∫
sec t ∫ t sin t dt = t ( − cos t ) − ∫ 1. ( − cos t ) dt [Integrating by parts]
= −t cos t + sin t + C
− tan −1 x x x 1
Hence, I = + +C ∵ sin t = and cos t =
1 + x2 1 + x2 1 + x2 1 + x2
cos x + sin x cos x + sin x
28. (i) Let I = ∫ cos 2 x.log dx ∴ I = ∫ log .cos 2 xdx
cos x − sin x cos x − sin x
Integrating by parts, we get,
cos x + sin x sin 2 x − sin x + cos x − sin x − cos x sin 2 x
I = log . −∫ − . dx
cos x − sin x 2 cos x + sin x cos x − sin x 2
2 2
x2 x2 x2 x2
= tan ( 2 x + 3 ) − ∫
−1
2
dx = tan −1
( 2 x + 3 ) − ∫ 4 x 2 + 12 x + 10 dx
2 1 + ( 2 x + 3) 2
x2 1 x2 x2 1
= tan −1 ( 2 x + 3) − ∫ 2 dx ∴ I= tan −1 ( 2 x + 3) − I 1 (say) …(i)
2 4 x + 3x + 5 / 2 2 4
x2 3x + 5 / 2 x +5/6
Now, I1 = ∫ 2
dx = ∫ 1 − 2 dx = x − 3∫ 2 dx
x + 3x + 5 / 2 x + 3x + 5 / 2 x + 3x + 5 / 2
3 2x + 5 / 3 3 ( 2 x + 3) + ( 5 / 3 − 3)
= x− ∫ dx = x − ∫ dx
2
2 x + 3x + 5 / 2 2 x 2 + 3x + 5 / 2
3 2x + 3 dx 3 5
= x− ∫ 2 dx + 2 ∫ 2 = x − log x 2 + 3x + + 2 ∫
dx
2 x + 3x + 5 / 2 x + 3x + 5 / 2 2 2
2
3 1
x+ +
2 4
3 5 dz 3
= x − log x 2 + 3 x + + 2 ∫ 2 2
, where z = x + ∴ dz = dx
2 2 z + (1/ 2 ) 2
3 5 2 z 3 5 3
= x − log x 2 + 3 x + + tan −1 = x − log x 2 + 3 x + + 4 tan −1 2 x +
2 2 1/ 2 1/ 2 2 2 2
3 5
∴ I1 = x − log x 2 + 3 x + + 4 tan −1 ( 2 x + 3)
2 2
th
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(BOARD LEVEL, XII) BY R. K. MALIK’S NEWTON CLASSES 21
x2 1 3 5
∴ From (i), I = tan −1 ( 2 x + 3) − x − log x 2 + 3 x + + 4 tan −1 ( 2 x + 3) + C
2 4 2 2
x2 x 3 5
Hence, I = − 1 tan −1 ( 2 x + 3) − + log x 2 + 3x + + C
2 4 8 2
( )
2
29. (i) Let, I = ∫ sin −1 x dx . Put sin −1 x = t ⇒ x = sin t ⇒ dx = cos t dt
( )
2
Hence, I = x sin −1 x + 2 sin −1 x 1 − x 2 − 2 x + C
=
( cos −1
x ( 2 x − 1) )− x − x2
+C Hence, I =
( 2 x − 1) cos −1 x
−
x − x2
+C
2 2 2 2
π
−1 −1 sin −1 x − − sin −1 x
sin x − cos x 2 dx π
(iii) Let, I = ∫ dx = ∫ ∵ sin
−1
x + cos −1 x =
sin −1
x + cos −1 x π 2
2
2 π 4
∫ x − dx = ∫ sin −1 x dx − ∫ 1.dx
−1
= 2sin
π 2 π
4 −1
∴ I = ∫ sin x dx − x + C …(1)
π
4
∫ sin
−1
Let I1 = x dx . Put sin −1 x = θ ⇒ x = sin θ
π
⇒ x = sin 2 θ ⇒ dx = 2sin θ cos θ dθ ⇒ dx = sin 2θ dθ
4 4 −θ cos 2θ 1 4 −θ cos 2θ 1
π∫
∴ I1 = θ sin 2θ dθ = + ∫ cos 2θ dθ = + sin 2θ
π 2 2 π 2 4
4 −θ 1
=
π 2
( 2
)
× 1 − 2 sin 2 θ + sin θ 1 − sin 2 θ
−2 2
Hence, I1 = sin −1 x (1 − 2 x ) + x 1− x
π π
2 2
On putting the value of I1 in (1), we get, I = ( 2 x − 1) sin −1 x+ x − x2 − x + C
π π
30. (i) Let, I = ∫ e ( cot x + log x sin x ) dx . Here, f ( x ) = log sin x
x
⇒ f ′ ( x ) = cot x
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22 (BOARD LEVEL, XII) BY R. K. MALIK’S NEWTON CLASSES
∴ I = e log sin x + C
x
1 1 1 ex
(ii) Let, I = ∫ e x − 2 dx = ∫ e x . dx − ∫ 2 dx
x x x x
1 1 ex
= ∫ e x dx − ∫ − 2 e x dx dx − ∫ 2 dx [Integrating by parts]
x x x
ex ex ex ex
= + ∫ 2 dx − ∫ 2 dx . Hence, I = + C .
x x x x
(iii) Let, I = ∫
xe x
dx = ∫
( x + 1 − 1) e x dx = ( x + 1) − 1 e x dx
( x + 1)
2
( x + 1)
2 ∫ ( x + 1)2 ( x + 1)2
1 1 1 ex
= ∫ ex − 2 dx = ∫ x + 1 ∫ ( x + 1)2 dx
e x
. dx −
x + 1 ( x + 1)
1 −1 ex
=
x +1 ∫ ∫ ( x + 1)2 ∫ ∫ ( x + 1)2 dx
e x
dx − e x
dx dx − [Integrating by parts]
ex ex ex ex
= +∫ 2
dx − ∫ ( x + 1)2 dx . Hence, I = +C
x +1 ( x + 1) x +1
1 − sin x 1 sin x
(iv) Let, I = ∫ e x dx = ∫ e x − dx
1 − cos x 1 − cos x 1 − cos x
x x
2sin cos
1 2 2 dx = e x 1 cosec2 x − cot x dx = e cosec 2 x dx − e x cot x dx
x
= ∫ ex − ∫ 2 ∫2 ∫
2sin 2 x x 2 2 2 2
2sin 2
2 2
ex x x 1 x
=∫ cosec 2 dx − cot ∫ e x dx − ∫ − cosec 2 ∫ e x dx dx [Integrating by parts]
2 2 2 2 2
1 x x x 1 x x
=
2 ∫ e cosec2 dx − e x cot − ∫ e x cosec2 dx . Hence, I = −e x cot + C .
2 2 2 2 2
(v) Let, I = ∫ e ( tan x + log sec x ) dx = ∫ e log sec xdx + ∫ e tan xdx
x x x
{ }
= log sec x ∫ e x dx − ∫ tan x.∫ e x dx dx + ∫ e x tan xdx [Integrating by parts]
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(BOARD LEVEL, XII) BY R. K. MALIK’S NEWTON CLASSES 23
x 1 1 x
= +∫ 2
dx − ∫ 2
dx . Hence, I = +C .
log x ( log x ) ( log x ) log x
(vi) Let, I = ∫ {sin ( log x ) + cos ( log x )}dx = ∫ sin ( log x ) dx + ∫ cos ( log x ) dx
1
= sin ( log x ) ∫ 1.dx − ∫ cos ( log x ) . ∫ 1.dx dx + ∫ cos ( log x ) dx
x
= x sin ( log x ) − ∫ cos ( log x ) dx + ∫ cos ( log x ) dx . Hence, I = x sin ( log x ) + C .
1 1
(vii) Let, I = ∫ log ( log x ) + 2
dx = ∫ log ( log x ) dx + ∫ 2
dx
( log x ) ( log x )
1 1 1
= log ( log x ) .∫ 1.dx − ∫ . ∫ 1.dx dx + ∫ 2
dx [Integrating by parts]
log x x ( log x )
1 1
= log ( log x ) .x − ∫ dx + ∫ 2
dx
log x ( log x )
1 −1 1 1
= x log ( log x ) − .∫ 1.dx − ∫ 2
. ∫ 1. dx dx + ∫ 2
dx
log x ( log x ) x ( log x )
[Again Integrating by parts]
x 1 1
= x log ( log x ) − −∫ 2
dx + ∫ 2
dx
log x ( log x ) ( log x )
x
Hence, I = x log ( log x ) − +C
log x
I = ∫ e− x tan −1 ( e x ) dx
dt dt
31. Put e x = t ⇒ e x dx = dt ⇒ dx x
⇒ dx =
e t
1 dt
∴ I = ∫ ⋅ tan −1 t ⋅
t t
1
∫ t 2 tan tdt
−1
1 1 1
= ( tan −1 t ) − + ∫ 2
dt
t 1+ t t
tan −1 t t 1
=− +∫ 2 2 dt Put t 2 = y ⇒ 2tdt = dy ⇒ tdt = dy
t t ( t + 1) 2
tan −1 t 1 dy tan −1 t 1 1 1
=− + ∫ =− + ∫ − dy
t 2 y ( y + 1) t 2 y y +1
tan −1 t 1 tan −1 t 1
=− + log y − log ( y + 1) = − + log t 2 − log ( t 2 + 1)
t 2 t 2
tan −1 t 1 tan −1 e x 1
=− + log t − log ( t 2 + 1) = − + log e x − log ( e 2 x + 1)
t 2 e x
2
1
= −e− x tan −1 e x + x − log ( e 2 x + 1)
2
ALTERNATIVE
Integrating by parts taking tan −1 ( e x ) as u , we get,
th
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24 (BOARD LEVEL, XII) BY R. K. MALIK’S NEWTON CLASSES
ex
( ) (
I = −e− x tan −1 e x − ∫ −e − x ) dx = −e − x tan −1 ( e x ) + ∫
dx
…(1)
1 + (ex )
2x 2
1+ e
dx 1 sec 2 θ
Now, ∫ 1+ =∫ . dθ [Putting e x = tan θ so that e x dx = sec 2 θ dθ ]
(e )
x 2 1 + tan 2 θ tan θ
ex 1 1
= ∫ cot θ dθ = log sin θ = log
2x
( ) (
= log e x − log 1 + e 2 x = x − log 1 + e 2 x
2 2
) ( )
1+ e
1
( )
∴ From (1), we get, I = −e − x tan −1 e x + x − log 1 + e2 x + C
2
( )
x x x x
32. Let, I = ∫ log 2 cos 2 − x tan dx = ∫ log 2 + 2 log cos − x tan dx
2 2 2 2
x x
= x log 2 − ∫ x tan dx + 2 ∫ 1.log cos dx
2 2
x
x − sin
2 1
= x log 2 − ∫ x tan dx + 2 x log cos − ∫
x x
. dx
2 2 cos
x 2
2
x x x x
= x log 2 − ∫ x tan dx + 2 x log cos + ∫ x tan dx . Hence, I = x log 2 + 2 x log cos + C .
2 2 2 2
x log x x
33. Let, I = ( x log x − x ) sin −1 x − ∫ dx + ∫ dx …(1)
2
1− x 1 − x2
[Integrating by parts taking sin −1 x as u ]
x log x
Now in order to evaluate ∫ 1 − x2
dx . Put x = sin θ ⇒ dx = cos θ dθ
x log x
∴ ∫ 1 − x2
dx = ∫ sin θ log sinθ dθ = − cos θ log sin θ − ∫ − cos θ .cot θ dθ
cos 2 θ 1 − sin 2 θ
= − cos θ log sin θ + ∫ dθ = − cos log sin θ + ∫ dθ
sin θ sin θ
= − cos θ log sin θ + ∫ ( cosec θ − sin θ ) dθ = − cos θ log sin θ + ∫ cosec θ dθ − ∫ sin θ dθ
= − cos θ log sin θ + log cosec θ − cot θ + cos θ
1 − 1 − x2
= − 1 − x 2 log x + log + 1 − x2 …(2)
x
x
Again, ∫ dx = − 1 − x 2 …(3)
2
1− x
[On putting 1 − x 2 = t ⇒ − 2x dx = dt ]
∴ From (1), (2) and (3), we get,
1 − 1 − x2
I = ( x log x − x ) sin x + 1 − x log x − log
−1 2
− 1 − x2 − 1 − x2 + C
x
1 − 1 − x2
Hence, I = ( x log x − x ) sin −1 x + 1 − x 2 log x − log − 2 1 − x2 + C
x
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