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Data Science Cheat Sheet

S P E C I A L C H A R AC T E R S \A | Matches the expression to its right at the (?:A) | Matches the expression as represented
^ | Matches the expression to its right at the absolute start of a string whether in single by A, but unlike (?PAB), it cannot be
start of a string. It matches every such or multi-line mode. retrieved afterwards.
instance before each \n in the string. \Z | Matches the expression to its left at the (?#...) | A comment. Contents are for us to
$ | Matches the expression to its left at the absolute end of a string whether in single read, not for matching.
end of a string. It matches every such or multi-line mode. A(?=B) | Lookahead assertion. This matches
instance before each \n in the string. the expression A only if it is followed by B.
. | Matches any character except line A(?!B) | Negative lookahead assertion. This
terminators like \n. S E TS matches the expression A only if it is not
\ | Escapes special characters or denotes [ ] | Contains a set of characters to match. followed by B.
character classes. [amk] | Matches either a, m, or k. It does not (?<=B)A | Positive lookbehind assertion.
A|B | Matches expression A or B. If A is match amk. This matches the expression A only if B
matched first, B is left untried. [a-z] | Matches any alphabet from a to z. is immediately to its left. This can only
+ | Greedily matches the expression to its left 1 [a\-z] | Matches a, -, or z. It matches - matched fixed length expressions.
or more times. because \ escapes it. (?<!B)A | Negative lookbehind assertion.
* | Greedily matches the expression to its left [a-] | Matches a or -, because - is not being This matches the expression A only if B is
0 or more times. used to indicate a series of characters. not immediately to its left. This can only
? | Greedily matches the expression to its left [-a] | As above, matches a or -. matched fixed length expressions.
0 or 1 times. But if ? is added to qualifiers [a-z0-9] | Matches characters from a to z (?P=name) | Matches the expression matched
(+, *, and ? itself) it will perform matches in and also from 0 to 9. by an earlier group named “name”.
a non-greedy manner. [(+*)] | Special characters become literal (...)\1 | The number 1 corresponds to
{m} | Matches the expression to its left m inside a set, so this matches (, +, *, and ). the first group to be matched. If we want
times, and not less. [^ab5] | Adding ^ excludes any character in to match more instances of the same
{m,n} | Matches the expression to its left m to the set. Here, it matches characters that are expression, simply use its number instead of
n times, and not less. not a, b, or 5. writing out the whole expression again. We
{m,n}? | Matches the expression to its left m can use from 1 up to 99 such groups and
times, and ignores n. See ? above. their corresponding numbers.
GROUPS
( ) | Matches the expression inside the
C H A R AC T E R C L AS S E S parentheses and groups it. POPULAR PYTHON RE MODULE
( A. K.A. S P E C I A L S E Q U E N C E S) (?) | Inside parentheses like this, ? acts as an FUNCTIONS
\w | Matches alphanumeric characters, which extension notation. Its meaning depends on re.findall(A, B) | Matches all instances
means a-z, A-Z, and 0-9. It also matches the character immediately to its right. of an expression A in a string B and returns
the underscore, _. (?PAB) | Matches the expression AB, and it them in a list.
\d | Matches digits, which means 0-9. can be accessed with the group name. re.search(A, B) | Matches the first instance
\D | Matches any non-digits. (?aiLmsux) | Here, a, i, L, m, s, u, and x are of an expression A in a string B, and returns
\s | Matches whitespace characters, which flags: it as a re match object.
include the \t, \n, \r, and space characters. a — Matches ASCII only re.split(A, B) | Split a string B into a list
\S | Matches non-whitespace characters. i — Ignore case using the delimiter A.
\b | Matches the boundary (or empty string) L — Locale dependent re.sub(A, B, C) | Replace A with B in the
at the start and end of a word, that is, m — Multi-line string C.
between \w and \W. s — Matches all
\B | Matches where \b does not, that is, the u — Matches unicode
boundary of \w characters. x — Verbose

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