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Algebra Unit 1 Quantitative Reasoning2

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7K views20 pages

Algebra Unit 1 Quantitative Reasoning2

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© © All Rights Reserved
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Modeling with expressions

• An expression is a mathematical phrase


that contains numbers or variables.
• Terms are the parts being added.
Coefficient is the number in front of the
variable.
• A constant is a term without a variable.

Ex.1 identify the terms and coefficients of the


expression.

a)

b)
Ex.2 Curtis is buying supplies for his school.
He buys p packages of crayons at $1.49 per
package and q packages of markers at $3.49
per package. What does the expression
1.49p + 3.49q represent?

Modeling expressions.
Words that mean...
Addition: sum, add, more than, increased by,
total, altogether.

Subtraction: less than, minus, subtracted


from, difference, take away, taken from,
reduced by.

Multiplication: times, multiplied by, product,


percent of.
Division: divided by, division of, quotient of,
divided into, ratio of.

Ex.3 write an algebraic expression in simplest


form.

a) a number increased by 2.

b) the difference of a number and 2.

c) the product of 0.6 and a number.

d) a number divided by 5.

e) the price of an item plus 6% sales tax.

f) the price of a car plus 8.5% sales tax.


Understanding Polynomial Expressions
• A monomial is an expression with one term
that cannot have a variable in the
denominator and must have whole number
exponents.

• Degree of polynomial - the largest exponent


value of the terms.
• Polynomial - has one or more terms, written
in decreasing degree.

• Binomial - two terms.


• Trinomial - three terms.
• Leading coefficient - the number in front of
the first term.

Ex.1 Write the polynomial in standard form.


Then state the leading coefficient and the
degree.

a)
b)

Ex.2 Simplifying polynomials (Like terms have


the same variable and power).

a)

b)
Addicting and Subtracting Polynomials
Ex.1 vertically
a)

b)

Ex.2 Horizontally
a)

b)
Multiplying Polynomials
Ex.1 Monomials
a)

b)

c)

Ex.2 binomials
a)

b)
c)

Special Products of Binomials


• (a + b)(a - b) = a - b

• (a + b) = a + 2ab + b

• (a - b) = a - 2ab + b
Simplify Radical Expressions
A radical expression is in simplest form if the
following are true.

1. No perfect square factors

2. No fractions in the radical

3. No radicals in the denominator

Perfect squares

Product Property -

Quotient Property -
Ex.1 simplify the radical expression

a)

b)

c)

d)
e)

f)

g)
Adding and Subtracting Radicals
• The number inside the radical
has to be the same in order to
add/subtract.

Ex.1 perform the indicated operation

a)

b)

c)
d)

Multiplying and Dividing Radical Expressions


• Multiply numbers that are both outside the
radical.
• Multiply numbers that are both inside the
radical.
a)

b)

c)

d)
e)

Irrational verse Rational


• Rational numbers can be written as a ratio
of two integers.
• Rational numbers have repeating or
terminating decimals.
• Irrational numbers cannot be written as a
ratio with integers.

Ex.1 Determine if the numbers are rational or


irrational.

a)
b)

c)

d)

e)

Using ratios and proportions to solve problems


• A ratio is a comparison of two number by
division.
• A proportion is an equation where two
ratios are equal.

Ex.1 use dimensional analysis to convert the


measurements.

a) An adult male human has 12 pints of blood.


Convert to gallons.

b) The length of a building is 720 in. Convert


to yards.
c) 7500 seconds = _______ hours

d) 4 inches = ________ yards

Ex.2 Amanda traveled 105 kilometers in 4.2


hours and Brenda traveled at a rate of 0.2
miles per minute. Which girl traveled at a
faster rate? (1 mile = 1.61 km)
Reporting with Precision and Accuracy
• Precision is the level of detail of a
measurement, determined by the smallest
unit.
• Accuracy is the closeness of a given
measurement. You can find the accuracy of
the measurement by finding that absolute
value of the difference.

Ex.1 which measurement is more precise?

Ex.2 which measurement is more accurate if


it is known the weight is 8 g?
Identifying significant digits
• Significant digits are the digits in
measurements that carry meaning about
the precision of the measurement.

All nonzero digits are significant

Zeros between two other significant digits are


significant

Zeros at the end of a number to the right of


the decimal point are significant.

Zeros to the left of the first nonzero digit in a


decimal are not significant.

Zeros at the end of a number without a


decimal point are assumed to be NOT
significant.
Ex.1 Determine the number of significant
digits.

a)

b)

c)

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