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Chemistry Analyzer: Chemistry Analyzers Can Be Benchtop Devices or Placed On A Cart Other Systems Require

Clinical chemistry analyzers determine the concentration of metabolites, electrolytes, proteins, and drugs in body fluids like blood, urine, and cerebrospinal fluid. They use techniques like photometry and potentiometry to analyze samples. Chemistry analyzers are used in various lab settings and can test for substances linked to conditions like diabetes, cancer, and kidney disease. They provide automated, accurate, and reproducible concentration measurements.

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204 views6 pages

Chemistry Analyzer: Chemistry Analyzers Can Be Benchtop Devices or Placed On A Cart Other Systems Require

Clinical chemistry analyzers determine the concentration of metabolites, electrolytes, proteins, and drugs in body fluids like blood, urine, and cerebrospinal fluid. They use techniques like photometry and potentiometry to analyze samples. Chemistry analyzers are used in various lab settings and can test for substances linked to conditions like diabetes, cancer, and kidney disease. They provide automated, accurate, and reproducible concentration measurements.

Uploaded by

Calvin Klein
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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CHEMISTRY ANALYZER

Introduction

Clinical chemistry analyzers determine the concentration of certain metabolites, electrolytes,


proteins, and/or drugs in samples of serum, plasma, urine, cerebrospinal fluid, and/or other
body fluids. Automated chemistry analyzers provide the laboratory with walk away operation
and a standardized method of obtaining accurate and reproducible chemical concentration
values.

Clinical chemistry analyzers use measurement technologies including photometric and


colorimetric testing, ion-selective potentiometry, and latex agglutination to analyze samples
such as blood serum, plasma, and urine. Chemistry analyzers are used in all types of
laboratories, from small point-of-care clinics to high-throughput clinical labs, to test for
analytes such as proteins, enzymes, and electrolytes. Applications include monitoring
diseases such as diabetes, testing for metabolic functions or cardiac markers, and drugs-of-
abuse testing. Benchtop analyzers are the most common type, but compact bedside models,
usually with fewer test options, and high-throughput floor-based units are also available.

Chemistry analyzers can be benchtop devices or placed on a cart; other systems require
floor space. They are used to determine the concentration of certain metabolites, electrolytes,
proteins, and/or drugs in samples of serum, plasma, urine, cerebrospinal fluid, and/or other
body fluids.
Health problem addressed

Perform tests on whole blood, serum, plasma, or urine samples to determine concentrations of
analytes (e.g., cholesterol, electrolytes, glucose, calcium), to provide certain hematology
values (e.g., hemoglobin concentrations, prothrombin times), and to assay certain therapeutic
drugs (e.g., theophylline), which helps diagnose and treat numerous diseases, including
diabetes, cancer, HIV, STD, hepatitis, kidney conditions, fertility, and thyroid problems.

Product description

Chemistry analyzers can be benchtop devices or placed on a cart; other systems require fl oor
space. They are used to determine the concentration of certain metabolites, electrolytes,
proteins, and/or drugs in samples of serum, plasma, urine, cerebrospinal fl uid, and/or other
body fl uids. Samples are inserted in a slot or loaded onto a tray, and tests are programmed
via a keypad or bar-code scanner. Reagents may be stored within the analyzer, and it may
require a water supply to wash internal parts. Results are displayed on a screen, and typically
there are ports to connect to a printer and/or computer.

Principles of operation

After the tray is loaded with samples, a pipette aspirates a precisely measured aliquot of
sample and discharges it into the reaction vessel; a measured volume of diluent rinses the
pipette. Reagents are dispensed into the reaction vessel. After the solution is mixed (and
incubated, if necessary), it is either passed through a colorimeter, which measures its
absorbance while it is still in its reaction vessel, or aspirated into a fl ow cell, where its
absorbance is measured by a fl ow-through colorimeter. The analyzer then calculates the
analyte’s chemical concentrations.
Procedure

1. Check diluent/reagent levels and expiry dates


2. Check that all plugs and cables are connected and that the electric current is stable
3. Check that waste bottle is empty and that waste is draining adequately
4. If results are automatically printed out, check that the printer has paper and ink
supply.
5. Turn on power supply in accordance with the instructions
6. Set date and test number
7. Carry out a count on the current control preparation(s). Check that results are within
control limits.
8. The counter is then ready for handling the day's routine specimens
9. The sample ID or patient ID via bar code reader or manually and check the
correctness of the information.
10. Load loads sample tubes into the analyzer.
11. Select the desired test
12. After the required test(s) are run, the results can be displayed on-screen, printed out,
stored in the analyzer’s internal memory, and/or transferred to a computer

Operating steps

The operator loads sample tubes into the analyzer; reagents may need to be loaded or may
already be stored in the instrument. A bar-code scanner will read the test orders off the label
on each test tube, or the operator may have to program the desired tests. After the required
test are run, the results can be displayed on-screen, printed out, stored in the analyzer’s
internal memory, and transferred to a computer.
Preventive maintenance task

1. Clean/Inspect the Exterior & Interior of the unit – Remove any stain or sediment
deposits on/in the unit.
2. Clean inlet water filter – replace if necessary.
3. Replace 18E pinch valve tubing – refer to manufacturer manual for proper procedure
of replacement.
4. Replace syringe seals refer to manufacturer manual for proper procedure of
replacement.
5. Replace photometer lamp - check / replace - Check lamp serviceability and
brightness. If lamp fail; replace.
6. ISE reference cartridge - check / replace – Check solution level, replace if necessary.
7. Reagent Probe - check / replace. Check reagent probe physical condition and
integrity, replace if necessary.
8. Stirrer Paddles - check / replace. Check paddles physical condition and integrity,
replace if necessary.
9. Sample Probe - check / replace. Check sample probe physical condition and integrity,
replace if necessary.
10. Na+ & K+ Electrode - check / replace. Check Na+ and K+ electrodes of its sensitivity
and reproducibility and within Q C ranges, replace if necessary
Reported problems

Operators should be aware of the risk of exposure to potentially infectious bloodborne


pathogens during testing procedures and should use universal precautions, including wearing
gloves, face shields or masks, and gowns.

Hospital Engineering Planned Preventive (HEPPM)

Before carry out the preventive maintenance, ensure to perform the followings, If there is
evidence of body fluid contamination, submit the device for cleaning and decontamination
before carrying out the maintenance task. Wear appropriate Personnel Protection Equipment
during work e.g. gloves, goggles and apron. Wear grounded electrostatic wristband when
handling PCB or electronic components. Refer to the safety procedure for additional
precautions and guidance as per manufacturer guidelines.

Types and variations

Some chemistry analyzers can be interfaced to an automated immunoassay analyzer to


decrease operator intervention and possibly improve workflow.

Labelling part of Chemistry Analyzer


MAIN COMPONENTS

Sample disk:

’X’ positions for samples, blanks, standards, calibrators, controls.


Primary tubes 5, 7 and 10 ml, vacuum system tubes and cups
STAT sample with priority in any position

Reagent disk:

“X” number positions, 20 ml, 50 ml reagent containers, 5 ml tube with adaptor.


Reagent compartment with Peltier/air cooler.
Option to use one reagent for several test simultaneously

Reaction disk with wash station:

Reusable hard glass/disposable cuvettes.


Possibility of replacement of individual glass cuvette.
Wash station – cuvette rinsing and drying in eight-step procedure.
Automatic cuvette blank measurement before analysis.

Serum sampling/reagent pipetting mechanism:

Generally consists of –

Horizontal stepper Motor


Optical Sensor
Encoder Disc
Sample / Reagent Syringe
Valves
Stepper Motor

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