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Electrically Switch Electromagnet Solid-State Relays

Relays are electrically operated switches that use electromagnets or solid state components to control circuits. They allow low-power signals to control higher power circuits or for one signal to control multiple circuits. Early relays were used in telegraph circuits and telephone exchanges to amplify and repeat signals. Modern relays protect electrical circuits from overloads or faults and are used where interrupted power should not change the state of contacts. Magnetic latching relays require pulses of opposite polarity to change contact position and retain state if power is lost.

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28 views1 page

Electrically Switch Electromagnet Solid-State Relays

Relays are electrically operated switches that use electromagnets or solid state components to control circuits. They allow low-power signals to control higher power circuits or for one signal to control multiple circuits. Early relays were used in telegraph circuits and telephone exchanges to amplify and repeat signals. Modern relays protect electrical circuits from overloads or faults and are used where interrupted power should not change the state of contacts. Magnetic latching relays require pulses of opposite polarity to change contact position and retain state if power is lost.

Uploaded by

vamsi
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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A relay is an electrically operated switch.

Many relays use an electromagnet to mechanically


operate a switch, but other operating principles are also used, such as solid-state relays.
Relays are used where it is necessary to control a circuit by a separate low-power signal, or
where several circuits must be controlled by one signal. The first relays were used in long
distance telegraph circuits as amplifiers: they repeated the signal coming in from one circuit
and re-transmitted it on another circuit. Relays were used extensively in telephone exchanges
and early computers to perform logical operations.

A type of relay that can handle the high power required to directly control an electric motor
or other loads is called a contactor. Solid-state relays control power circuits with no moving
parts, instead using a semiconductor device to perform switching. Relays with calibrated
operating characteristics and sometimes multiple operating coils are used to protect electrical
circuits from overload or faults; in modern electric power systems these functions are
performed by digital instruments still called "protective relays".

Magnetic latching relays require one pulse of coil power to move their contacts in one
direction, and another, redirected pulse to move them back. Repeated pulses from the same
input have no effect. Magnetic latching relays are useful in applications where interrupted
power should not be able to transition the contacts.

Magnetic latching relays can have either single or dual coils. On a single coil device, the
relay will operate in one direction when power is applied with one polarity, and will reset
when the polarity is reversed. On a dual coil device, when polarized voltage is applied to the
reset coil the contacts will transition. AC controlled magnetic latch relays have single coils
that employ steering diodes to differentiate between operate and reset commands.

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