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Lapping, Honning

Lapping is an abrasive finishing process where loose abrasive particles are used to remove small amounts of material, typically 0.003 to 0.03 mm, from a workpiece. In lapping, the workpiece and abrasive-coated lap move relative to each other without being positively driven. Common abrasives used include aluminum oxide, silicon carbide, and diamond with particle sizes ranging from 0.5 to 100 μm. Honing is also an abrasive finishing process where an oscillating hone tool carries out both rotational and reciprocating motions inside cylindrical holes to produce a cross-hatched surface texture without external workpiece motion. Process parameters like rotation speed, oscillation speed, stroke length and pressure affect the results.

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287 views2 pages

Lapping, Honning

Lapping is an abrasive finishing process where loose abrasive particles are used to remove small amounts of material, typically 0.003 to 0.03 mm, from a workpiece. In lapping, the workpiece and abrasive-coated lap move relative to each other without being positively driven. Common abrasives used include aluminum oxide, silicon carbide, and diamond with particle sizes ranging from 0.5 to 100 μm. Honing is also an abrasive finishing process where an oscillating hone tool carries out both rotational and reciprocating motions inside cylindrical holes to produce a cross-hatched surface texture without external workpiece motion. Process parameters like rotation speed, oscillation speed, stroke length and pressure affect the results.

Uploaded by

AshishGupta
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Lapping

Lapping is regarded as the oldest method of obtaining a fine finish. Lapping is basically an
abrasive process in which loose abrasives function as cutting points finding momentary
support from the laps. Figure 30.1 schematically represents the lapping process. Material
removal in lapping usually ranges from .003 to .03 mm but many reach 0.08 to 0.1mm in
certain cases.
Characteristics of lapping process:
􀂏Use of loose abrasive between lap and the workpiece
􀂏Usually lap and workpiece are not positively driven but are guided in contact with
each other

􀂏Relative motion between the lap and the work should change continuously so that path of the
abrasive grains of the lap is not repeated on the workpiece. Fig. Scheme of lapping process

Cast iron is the mostly used lap material. However, soft steel, copper, brass, hardwood as well as
hardened steel and glass are also used.

Abrasives of lapping:
• Al2O3 and SiC, grain size 5~100μm
• Cr2O3, grain size 1~2 μm
• B4C3, grain size 5-60 μm
• Diamond, grain size 0.5~5 V

Vehicle materials for lapping


• Machine oil
• Rape oil
• grease

Technical parameters affecting lapping processes are:


• unit pressure
• the grain size of abrasive
• concentration of abrasive in the vehicle
• lapping speed
Honing
Honing is a finishing process, in which a tool called hone carries out a combined rotary and
reciprocating motion while the workpiece does not perform any working motion. Most
honing is done on internal cylindrical surface, such as automobile cylindrical walls. The
honing stones are held against the workpiece with controlled light pressure. The honing
head is not guided externally but, instead, floats in the hole, being guided by the work
surface (Fig. 30.9). It is desired that
1. honing stones should not leave the work surface
2. stroke length must cover the entire work length
In honing rotary and oscillatory motions are combined to produce a cross hatched lay pattern

The honing stones are given a complex motion so as to prevent every single grit from
repeating its path over the work surface. The critical process parameters are:
1. rotation speed
2. oscillation speed
3. length and position of the stroke
4. honing stick pressure

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