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Jet Propulsion: Ideal Turbojet Ideal Turbofan

This document discusses jet propulsion concepts including ideal turbojets, turbofans, and turbojets with afterburners. It examines the optimum compressor pressure ratio for ideal turbojets and how it is affected by adding an afterburner. Cycle analysis is performed to determine the exit velocity and fuel flow for dry and afterburning engines. The optimum compressor pressure ratio is derived and shown to decrease with increasing flight Mach number when an afterburner is included. Students are assigned homework problems to analyze example jet engines with and without afterburners and compare their performance.

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65 views13 pages

Jet Propulsion: Ideal Turbojet Ideal Turbofan

This document discusses jet propulsion concepts including ideal turbojets, turbofans, and turbojets with afterburners. It examines the optimum compressor pressure ratio for ideal turbojets and how it is affected by adding an afterburner. Cycle analysis is performed to determine the exit velocity and fuel flow for dry and afterburning engines. The optimum compressor pressure ratio is derived and shown to decrease with increasing flight Mach number when an afterburner is included. Students are assigned homework problems to analyze example jet engines with and without afterburners and compare their performance.

Uploaded by

AEROWORKER
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Jet Propulsion

Ideal Turbojet
Ideal Turbofan
Turbojet cont’d
• Optimum Compressor Pressure Ratio

a maximum value is exhibited at a certain


compressor pressure
Turbojet cont’d
• Optimum Compressor Pressure Ratio

(From 1st law)


Turbojet cont’d
• Optimum Compressor Pressure Ratio

substitute
Turbojet cont’d
• Specific thrust and SFC at optimum comp. pressure ratio

– Substitute for the velocity ratio

For ideal optimum turbojet show that as is changed the kinetic energy for unit
mass is constant for a fixed and fixed altitude.
Turbojet cont’d
• The trust per unit mass flow – optimum ideal turbojet

The kinetic energy change per unit mass is constant


Ideal Turbojet with Afterburner

• The thrust of a turbojet can be increased by


the addition of a second combustion
chamber
• The total temperature leaving the
afterburner has a higher limiting value than
the total temperature leaving the main
combustor since there is no turbine to pass
through.
Ideal Turbojet with Afterburner
• Cycle Analysis

The gas velocity at the nozzle exit


Dry: non-afterburning
AB: afterburning

Show using a H-K diagram

Define

Total temperature ratio of the afterburner


Ideal Turbojet with Afterburner
• Cycle Analysis – Exit velocity
Found
previously

Also found
previously

and repeated
Ideal Turbojet with Afterburner
• Cycle Analysis – Fuel flow using energy balance

Chemical energy is converted to the thermal and kinetic energy of the gases
Ideal Turbojet with Afterburner
• Optimum Compressor Pressure Ratio with Afterburner

Find the value of compressor


pressure ratio that
maximizes the specific thrust

Differentiating
Wrt
Ideal Turbojet with Afterburner
• Optimum Compressor Pressure Ratio with Afterburner

substitute

Found previously for ideal turbojet


with AB

pressure ratio giving the maximum specific thrust decreases with the flight Mach number
Homework
• Consider examples 5.2 and 5.3 of the textbook.
• Perform a cycle analysis for both the dry and the AB engines.
• Compare the performance of the engines.

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