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PCD W03S02 Arithmetic and Logic Operations

This document outlines a lecture on arithmetic and logic operations in digital image processing. It discusses how arithmetic operations like addition, subtraction, multiplication and division are performed on pixels and their applications. Logic operations are performed bit-wise on pixel values. The document also describes tutorials that will demonstrate performing these operations in MATLAB, including using built-in functions for logic operations. Geometric operations are introduced, which modify image geometry by repositioning pixels using mapping functions and interpolation methods.

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Paian Simarmata
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160 views20 pages

PCD W03S02 Arithmetic and Logic Operations

This document outlines a lecture on arithmetic and logic operations in digital image processing. It discusses how arithmetic operations like addition, subtraction, multiplication and division are performed on pixels and their applications. Logic operations are performed bit-wise on pixel values. The document also describes tutorials that will demonstrate performing these operations in MATLAB, including using built-in functions for logic operations. Geometric operations are introduced, which modify image geometry by repositioning pixels using mapping functions and interpolation methods.

Uploaded by

Paian Simarmata
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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ELS4004 Digital Image Processing

Arithmetic And Logic Operations


Semester 2 2018/2019 2/21/2019 1
Outlines
 6.1 Arithmetic Operations: Fundamentals and
Applications
 6.2 Logic Operations: Fundamentals and Applications
 6.3 Tutorial 6.1: Arithmetic Operations
 6.4 Tutorial 6.2: Logic Operations and Region of Interest
Processing
 6.5 Problems

2/21/2019 2
What will We Learn?
 Which arithmetic and logic operations can be applied to
digital images?
 How are they performed in MATLAB?
 What are they used for?

2/21/2019 3
Arithmetic Operations: Fundamentals and Applications
 Arithmetic operations involving images are typically
performed on a pixel-by-pixel basis;

 Where opn is a binary arithmetic (+, −, ×, /) operator

2/21/2019 4
Addition
 Addition is used to blend the
pixel contents from two
images or add a constant
value to pixel values of an
image.

2/21/2019 5
In MATLAB
 imadd function
 Be careful with values that exceed the maximum pixel
value for the data type being used.
 Normalization and truncation.

2/21/2019 6
Subtraction
 Subtraction is often used
to detect differences
between two images.
 The differences may be
due to several factors,
such as artificial addition
to or removal of relevant
contents from the image
 Image subtraction can
also be used to obtain the
negative of an image

2/21/2019 7
Multiplication and Division
 Multiplication and division
by a scalar are often used
to perform brightness
adjustments on an image.
 immultiply function

2/21/2019 8
Logic Operations: Fundamentals and Applications
 Logic operations are performed in a bit-wise fashion on
the binary contents of each pixel value.

2/21/2019 9
2/21/2019 10
In MATLAB
 Built-in functions
to perform logic
operations on
arrays: bitand,
bitor, bitxor, and
bitcmp.

2/21/2019 11
Tugas #2
 4.3 Tutorial 4.1: MATLAB Image Processing Toolbox—a
Guided Tour
 4.4 Tutorial 4.2: Basic Image Manipulation
 6.3 Tutorial 6.1: Arithmetic Operations
 6.4 Tutorial 6.2: Logic Operations and Region of Interest
Processing

2/21/2019 12
ELS4004 Digital Image Processing
Geometric Operations
Semester 2 2018/2019 2/21/2019 13
Outlines
 7.1 Introduction
 7.2 Mapping and Affine Transformations
 7.3 Interpolation Methods

2/21/2019 14
What will We Learn?
 What do geometric operations do to an image and what are
they used for?
 What are the techniques used to enlarge/reduce a digital
image?
 What are the main interpolation methods used in
association with geometric operations?
 What are affine transformations and how can they be
performed using MATLAB?
 How can I rotate, flip, crop, or resize images in MATLAB?
 What is image registration and where is it used?

2/21/2019 15
Introduction

 Geometric
operations modify
the geometry of an
image by
repositioning pixels
in a constrained way.

2/21/2019 16
Geometric operations goals
 Correcting geometric distortions introduced during the
image acquisition process (e.g., due to the use of a fish-eye
lens).
 Creating special effects on existing images, such as twirling,
bulging, or squeezing a picture of someone’s face.
 As part of image registration—the process of matching the
common features of two or more images of the same scene,
acquired from different viewpoints or using different
equipment.

2/21/2019 17
Most geometric operations consist of two basic
components:
 Mapping Function: This is typically specified using a set of
spatial transformation equations (and a procedure to solve
them)
 Interpolation Methods: These are used to compute the
new value of each pixel in the spatially transformed
image

2/21/2019 18
Mapping and Affine Transformations

2/21/2019 19
EOF

2/21/2019 20

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