1. Set M = {perfect squares ≤ 400} 4.

All 500 boys in a school play basketball or

Set N = {even numbers ≤ 400} volleyball or both. If 30% of the boys play
Find the cardinality of X∩Y. volleyball and 90% play basketball, how many play
both basketball and volleyball?
A. 4 B. 6
A. 100 B. 150
C. 8 D. 10
C. 300 D. 400

Solution:
Solution:
The cardinality of X∩Y refers to the number of
elements in the intersection of X and Y. Since we have 30% and 90% on the two sets, that
means the intersection is (30% + 90%) – 100%, or
Always remember: ∩ looks like n, for n-tersection.
20% of the population.
∪ looks like u, for u-nion.
20% of 500 is 100.
Intersection refers to the common elements, while
union refers to the totality of elements in both sets.
X∩Y therefore refers to the EVEN PERFECT 5. Find the value of x: 2√3𝑥 + 1 -2 = 8
SQUARES below 400. Since 400 is 202, then we
A. 5 B. 8
only have 20/2 or 10 even perfect squares.
C. 10 D. 24

2. (3-2 + 3-1) ÷ 3-3 = ___

Solution:
A. 3 B. 6
C. 9 D. 12 2√3𝑥 + 1 = 10
√3𝑥 + 1 = 5; square both sides of the equation
Solution: 3x + 1 = 25
1 1 1 1+3 1 3x = 24; .: x = 8
(3-2 + 3-1) ÷ 3-3 = (32 + 3) ÷ 33 = ÷ 27
9
4 1 4(27)
= 9 ÷ 27 = = 12 6. The lengths of two sides of an isosceles triangle
9
are 4 and 9. What must be the length of the third
side?
3. If the sum of the measures of the interior angles
of a regular polygon is 900o, how many sides does A. 4 B. 5
the polygon have? C. 7 D. 9
A. 7 B. 8
C. 9 D. 10 Solution:
An isosceles triangle has two congruent sides, so
Solution: that means the other side could only be either 4 or 9.
However, if we are going to pick 4, we cannot form
900 = 180(n-2) a triangle (triangle inequality). Therefore, we can
180(5) = 180(n-2) only pick 9.
5 = n-2; n=7
7. If A(x) is the inverse of B(x), then A[B(x)] is
equal to
A. -1 B. 1
C. –x D. x
Solution: 11. A flagpole 8 meters high casts a shadow 12
meters long while a nearby building casts a shadow
f-1(f(x)) = x
60 meters long. How high is the building?
Also, you can try a simple function such as
A. 40 m B. 60 m
f(x) = 2x. Its inverse is f-1(x) = x/2. We can get
f-1(f(x)) = (2x)/2 = x. C. 80 m D. 100 m

8. What is the sum of the largest and smallest angles Solution:

of a quadrilateral whose angles are in the ratio of Make a proportion statement. Remember to use the
1:2:3:6? same flow on your left and right ratios.
A. 120 B. 150 8:12 = __:60  Height:Shadow = Height:Shadow
C. 180 D. 210 8(60) = 12n
480 = 12n; n = 40
Solution:
Let the sides simply be x, 2x, 3x, and 6x so that 12. Evaluate: -1 – [(-1)3 – (-1)7 x (-1)8]2
they maintain the same ratio. Their sum is 360, so
we can say x + 2x + 3x + 6x = 12x = 360, or x = 30. A. -1 B. 0
The smallest is 30, the largest is 6(30) or 180. Their C. 1 D. 2
sum is 210.

Solution:
9. For two positive integers x and y with x > y,
which of the following is NOT true? Just apply the laws of exponents and order of
operations.
A. x + y > 0
B. x – y > 0
13. How many 4-digit numbers can be formed from
C. –x < -y the digits 1 to 5 if repetition is not allowed?
D. 1/x > 1/y A. 24 B. 48
C. 96 D. 120
Solution:
If you can’t recall the properties of inequalities, Solution:
simply let your x and y assume values that fit into
the definition. We can let x = 2 and y = 1 in this I personally prefer using FCP (Fundamental
problem, and only D will give us a false statement. Counting Principles) on this question.
__ x __ x __ x __  4 digits
10. Victor’s first scores in his Math exams were 90, 5x4x3x2  we have 5 choices for first
92, 93 and 95. What must his score be in his fifth digit, 4 for the next, and so forth since repetition is
exam in order for him to have an average score of not allowed
92?
A. 90 B. 92 14. Which of the following CANNOT be measures
C. 94 D. 96 of the sides of a right triangle?
A. 5, 12, 13 B. 6, 8, 12
Solution: C. 7, 24, 25 D. 8, 15, 17
5(92) – (90 + 92 + 93 + 95) = 90
Solution: Solution:
Just use the Pythagorean Theorem. Those who are This is an inverse (or sometimes, indirect in some
familiar with the basic Pythagorean Triples already books) proportion: more men translates to less time
know that A, C and D are Pyth Triples and thus, to finish the job and vice versa.
form right triangles. 7(24) = 8n; n = 21

15. The sides of a triangle are 6 cm, 12 cm, and 15 18. The 3rd term of an arithmetic progression is 12
cm. What is the perimeter of a similar triangle and the 7th term is 40. What is the 9th term?
whose longest side is 25 cm?
A. 48 B. 50
A. 35 cm B. 45 cm
C. 42 D. 54
C. 50 cm D. 55 cm

Solution:
Solution:
Find the common difference of the arithmetic
Make proportions. 6:12:15 = _x_:_y_:25 𝐴𝑚 −𝐴𝑛
progression first. Personally, I use 𝑚−𝑛 for d.
Solve for x and y, then find the perimeter.
40−12
That’s or 7 as d.
7−3

Alternative Solution: A9 = A7+ (9-7)d = 40 + 2(7) = 54

The ratio of the corresponding sides is also the ratio
of the perimeters. Thus, 15:25 = (6+12+15):___ 19. What is the equation of the line passing through
15:25 = 33:_n_ (5, 4) parallel to the line y = 1 – 2x?
15n = 25(33); n = 55 A. x + 2y – 14 = 0
B. 2x + y – 14 = 0
16. In how many ways can 3 men and 3 women be C. x – 2y + 14 = 0
seated in a row if each man and woman must D. 2x – y + 14 = 0
alternate?
A. 9 B. 18
Solution:
C. 36 D. 72
We can rewrite y = 1 – 2x as 2x + y = 1. That
means the parallel line is 2x + y + ___ = 0.
Solution:
We can have a pattern of M W M W M W or 20. There are 10 points on the circumference of a
W M W M W M for this problem. We have circle. How many triangles can be drawn using
3x3x2x2x1x1 for the first pattern, and 3x3x2x2x1x1 these points?
for the second pattern as well.
A. 30 B. 60
36 + 36 = 72
C. 120 D. 240

17. It takes 7 men to finish a job in 24 hrs. How

long will it take 8 men to finish the same job? Solution:
A. 21 hrs B. 27 hrs To draw triangles, you need 3 vertices. This
question therefore is looking for 10C3 (that’s 10
C. 28 hrs D. 18 hrs combi 3).
21. What is tan 30o? Solution:
A. ½ B. √3 Solve for the speed upstream (y) and downstream
(x). The speed of the boat on still water is (x+y)/2,
√3
C. D. 1 and the speed of the current is (x-y)/2.
3
y = 10/5 = 2; x = 10/2 = 5
Solution: (x+y)/2 = 7/2 = 3.5
Just use your calculator since SciCal is allowed.
26. Solve for x:
2x + 3y = 43
22. Which of the following is equal to -1? 4x + 5y = 81
A. cos 0o B. sin 180o A. 14 B. 15
C. sec 0o D. tan 135o C. 16 D. 17

Solution: Solution:
Instead of recalling, just use your SciCal. (2x + 3y = 43)2 = 4x + 6y = 86
4x + 5y = 81 = 4x + 5y = 81
23. Diana averaged 91 on 5 of her exams. If she y=5
wants to have an average of 92, what score must she 2x + 3y = 43
get on her 6th exam?
2x + 3(5) = 43
A. 95 B. 96
2x = 28; x = 14
C. 97 D. 98

27. Find the distance of a 30 cm chord from the

Solution: center of a circle whose circumference is 34π cm.
(New Ave)(New #) – (Old Ave)(Old #) = new score A. 6 cm B. 8 cm
6(92) – 5(91) = 97 C. 10 cm D. 15 cm

24. Find the sum of the first 25 odd numbers. Solution:

A. 50 B. 250 Find the radius of the circle first. That’d be 17 cm.
C. 500 D. 625 Next, form a right triangle since
the distance of the chord is
perpendicular, and it will bisect the
Solution:
said chord. The right triangle will
The sum of the first N odd numbers is given by N2. have the radius as its hypotenuse
252 = 625 and half the chord as one leg. The
other leg is the distance.

25. A boat can travel 10 km upstream in 5 hrs, and

10 km downstream in 2 hrs. What is the speed of 28. An inscribed angle intersects a semicircle. What
the boat on still water? is the measure of the inscribed angle?

A. 2.5 kph B. 3 kph A. 45o B. 90o

C. 3.5 kph D. 4 kph C. 135o D. 180o

Solution: 31. Factorize 8x3 – 27y6.
The inscribed angle always measures half of its A. (2x + 3y2) (4x2 + 6xy2 + 9y4)
intercepted arc. A semicircle is 180o, so the B. (2x + 3y2) (4x2 - 6xy2 + 9y4)
inscribed angle is 180/2 or 90o.
C. (2x – 3y2) (4x2 + 6xy2 + 9y4)
D. (2x – 3y2) (4x2 – 6xy2 + 9y4)
29. Two chords of a circle intersect each other and
form a 40o angle. Which of the following could be
measures of their intercepted arcs? Solution:
o o
A. 100 and 60 Check your special products.
o o
B. 80 and 80
C. 100o and 20o 32. The sum of two numbers is 45 and their product
o o is 499. Find the sum of their squares.
D. 100 and 180
A. 1609 B. 1513
Solution: C. 1028 D. 1027
Since the two chords form a 40o angle, then they
must also form a 140o angle (in fact, tig-dalawang Solution:
40o at 140o angles). That means their intercepted
arcs must have a sum of either 80 or 280 (double of A+B = 45
the measure of the angles). Only D has a sum of Squaring the above equation gives us
280. A2 + 2AB + B2 = 2025
Since AB = 499, then A2 + 2(499) + B2 = 2025
30. A bag was sold for P6,720 after a 20% mark-up. A2 + B2 = 2025 – 998 = 1027
How much was the bag originally?
A. P5600 B. P6000
33. The length of a rectangle is 7 more than thrice
C. P6450 D. P5376 its width. If its perimeter is 102 cm, find its area.
A. 370 cm2 B. 400 cm2
Solution: C. 440 cm2 D. 490 cm2
Since the bag received a 20% mark-up, then its
price is 120% of the original price. Simply divide
P6720 by 1.2 to get the answer. Solution:
L = 3W + 7

Alternative Orthodox Solution: P = 2 (L + W) = 2 (3W + 7 + W)

Selling Price = Original Price (1 + Mark Up Rate) 102 = 2 (4W + 7)

6720 = OP (1.2) 51 = 4W + 7; W = 11

6720/1.2 = OP L =3(11) + 7 = 40

5600 = OP .: Area = L W = 40(11) = 440

34. The difference of the squares of two consecutive 37. Find the equation of the line parallel to
numbers is 49. What is the smaller number? 4x – 3y = 5 passing through (1, 2).
A. 23 B. 24 A. 3x + 4y = -2
C. 25 D. 26 B. 3x – 4y = -2
C. 4x + 3y = -2
Solution: D. 4x – 3y = -2
The two numbers are (49±1)/2, or 25 and 24.
Solution:
Alternative Orthodox Solution: Copy the numerical coefficients of the original.
That means the parallel line must also have
Let x = smaller number
4x – 3y = ___. Only D has 4x – 3y.
x + 1 = next number
(x+1)2 – x2 = 49
38. Find the vertex of y = 3x2 + 5x + 6
x + 2x + 1 – x = 49
2 2
A. (-5/6, 47/12) B. (-5/6, 47/6)
2x + 1 = 49
C. (5/3, 47/12) D. (5/3, 47/6)
2x = 48; x = 24

Solution:
35. Which of the following are sides of a right
The vertex (h,k) is computed as follows:
triangle?
h = -b/2a = -5/2(3) = -5/6
A. 5, 10, 13 B. 7, 48, 49
k = c – b2/4a = 6 – 25/12 = (72-25)/12 = 47/12
C. 15, 16, 17 D. 10, 24, 26

39. Find the sum of the roots of 3x2 + 18x – 42 = 0.

Solution:
A. 6 B. -6
Just use the Pythagorean Theorem
C. -14 D. -3
𝑥+2 𝑥+5
36. Solve for x: 𝑥−1 = 𝑥+3
Solution:
A. -15 B. -13
Sum of roots = -b/a = -18/3 = -6
C. -11 D. -9

40. Find the area of a right triangle given that its

Solution: hypotenuse is 25 cm and one leg measures 24 cm.
Cross-multiply the equation first. A. 600 cm2 B. 300 cm2
(x+2)(x+3) = (x+5)(x-1) C. 168 cm2 D. 84 cm2
x2 + 5x + 6 = x2 + 4x – 5
5x + 6 = 4x – 5 Solution:
x = -11 Find the other leg first by using the Pythagorean
Theorem. That will give you 7 cm.
Area of a right triangle = L1 x L2 / 2
7 x 24 / 2 = 84
41. Two intersecting lines that form right triangles Solution:
are called __________. 2n + 17 = 65
A. parallel B. coincidental 2n = 48
C. perpendicular D. asymptotic n = 24

42. How many ways can a group of 4 be selected 46. Gina paid P30 for 250 grams of flour. How
from 10 people? much would she pay for 3.5 kg of flour?
A. 105 B. 210 A. P210 B. P390
C. 420 D. 840 C. P420 D. P450

Solution: Solution:
Remember: A group will call for combination. Note that 3.5 kg = 3500 grams
10C4 = 210 P30 x (3500/250) = 30x14 = 420

43. Which of the following is nominal data? 47. Mr. Chan’s average speed is 50 kph while Mr.
A. mass of an object Lee’s average speed is 60 kph. One day, they both
left work and drove toward the same place. If Mr.
B. height of a student
Chan arrived 3 minutes after Mr. Lee, how far was
C. temperature in Kelvin the place from work?
D. voter’s ID number A. 12 km B. 15 km
C. 20 km D. 30 km
44. Carl’s new record for vertical jump is 70 cm,
which is 20 more than twice his oldest record. What
Solution:
is his oldest record?
Let x = Mr. Lee’s driving time in mins
A. 25 cm B. 100 cm
60x = 50(x+3)
C. 180 cm D. 110 cm
60x = 50x + 150

Solution: 10x = 150

x = 15
2n + 20 = 70
2n = 50
15 mins is 15/60 or 0.25 hr
n = 25
60 kph (0.25 hr) = 15 km

45. Seventeen more than twice a number is 65.

What is the number? 48. A bus traveling at a speed of 40 kph left the
station at 5:00 AM. Another bus traveling at 50 kph
A. 41 B. 82
left the same station one hour later. At what time
C. 24 D. 19 will the second bus catch up with the first bus?
A. 7 AM B. 8 AM
C. 9 AM D. 10 AM
Solution: 51. △ABC is similar to △XYZ. AB = 10 and
Let x = driving time XY = 15. What is the area of △XYZ if the area of
△ABC is 600 cm2?
40(x) = 50(x-1)
A. 1350 cm2 B. 900 cm2
40x = 50x - 50
C. 400 cm2 D. 200 cm2
50 = 10x
5=x
Solution:
.: 5 hours past 5:00 AM is 10AM
The ratio of the areas of the two triangles is the
square of the ratio of their corresponding sides.
49. Central angle ∠VST measures 82o. What is the The ratio of the sides is 10:15 or 2:3 when
measure of inscribed angle ∠VAT if A is not within simplified. That means the ratio of the areas is
arc VT? 22:32 or 4:9.
A. 278o B. 139o 4:9 = 600:n
C. 164o D. 41o 4n = 6(900)
n = 1350
Solution:
∠VST intercepts an arc VT measuring 82o. 52. Mr. Yague found out that if he doubled his
∠VAT is an inscribed angle intercepting the same driving speed, he would only need 20 minutes to get
arc, thus it measures half of 82 or 41o. to work. How long does he usually take?
A. 5 minutes B. 10 minutes

50. An 80o angle is formed by two tangents to a C. 20 minutes D. 40 minutes

circle. Find the measure of the major arc intercepted
by the angle.
Solution:
A. 260o B. 160o
At double speed, you need 20 minutes. At normal
C. 100o D. 40o speed, you need twice 20 minutes, or 40 minutes.

Solution: 53. A taxi charges P40 for the first 5 km and P10
Assign two variables: one for the major arc and for every additional km of a trip. How much would
another for the minor arc. For this one, let’s use x you be charged for a 10 km trip?
and y. A. P80 B. P90
The sum of the two arcs is always 360. Their C. P100 D. P110
difference however is twice the measure of the
angle formed by the two tangents. That would be
twice 80, or 160. Solve for x since we are looking Solution:
for the major arc. Break your 10 km trip into the first 5km and the
x + y = 360 remaining 5 km.
x – y = 160 First 5 km costs P40, while the remaining 5km costs
P10 per km or simply, P50. The total is P40 + P50.
2x = 520
x = 260
54. How much water should be added to 200 ml of 57. A 6 m long ladder reaches 3√3 m on a wall.
50% solution to make a 20% solution? Find the angle formed by the ladder and the ground.
A. 400 ml B. 300 ml A. 30o B. 45o
C. 250 ml D. 200 ml C. 60o D. 75o

Solution: Solution:
Use our formula for mixtures: V1C1 + V2C2 = VRCR Draw a right triangle with the ladder as the
Also, remember that water is 0% solution. hypotenuse. You’d figure out that it’s a 30-60-90
triangle. Since we are looking for the angle formed
x(0) + 200(50) = (x+200)(20) by the ladder and the ground, it should be the 60o
0 + 10,000 = 20x + 4,000 angle.
10,000 – 4,000 = 20x
6,000 = 20x 58. The diagonals of a rhombus measure 20 cm and
48 cm. Find its area.
300 = x
A. 960 cm2 B. 480 cm2
C. 240 cm2 D. 120 cm2
55. A car travels north at 30 kph as another travels
east at 40 kph. If they left the same point at 1:00
PM, how far apart are they at 6:00 PM? Solution:
A. 350 km B. 300 km Area of a rhombus = D1 D2 / 2
C. 250 km D. 200 km That’s 20(48)/2 = 480

Solution: 59. The hypotenuse of an isosceles right triangle is

Since the two cars are traveling perpendicular to 40 cm. Find its area.
each other, simply use a right triangle and get the A. 1600 cm2 B. 800 cm2
hypotenuse for their distance.
C. 400 cm2 D. 200 cm2
From 1PM to 6PM is 5 hours. After 5 hours, one
travels 5(30) km north while the other travels 5(40)
km east. By Pythagorean theorem, their distance is Solution:
250 km.
Since the hypotenuse is 40, then each leg should be
20√2. The area of a right triangle is given as
56. Albert is flying a kite. If the kite forms an angle L1 L2 / 2.
of elevation of 30o and is 50m high from the
ground, how far is the kite from Albert?
Alternative Solution:
A. 50√3 m B. 100 m
The area of an isosceles triangle given its diagonal
C. 25 m D. 25√3 m is given as A = D2/4

Solution: 60. Which of the following is equal to cos N?

Use the 30-60-90 triangle. The side opposite to 30o A. –sec N B. sec (-N)
is 50m according the problem. We are looking for
C. –sin (90-N) D. sin (90-N)
the distance of the kite, or the hypotenuse. That’s
twice 50m, or simply 100m.
Explanation: 64. If 7 kg of fish costs P840, how much would 3 kg
of fish cost?
Always remember your CO-functions.
A. P300 B. P330
Co-functions refer to the functions of the
complement. That means: C. P360 D. P420
Sine = COsine of the COmplement
Secant = COsecant of the COmplement Solution:
Tangent = COtangent of the COmplement 7kg costs P840 translates to P120 per kg.
3 kg would therefore cost 3(P120) = P360
61. If M and N are complementary angles, which of
the following is true? 65. Find the axis of symmetry of y = x2 – 3x + 7
A. cos M = sec N A. the x-axis B. the y-axis
B. sin M = -csc N C. x = -3/2 D. x = 3/2
C. tan M = cot N
D. sec M = -cos N Solution:
Axis of symmetry of a parabola opening upward or
Explanation: downward is x = -b/2a
Same as item # 60.
66. Which of the following is a circle?
62. Find the sum of the first 50 counting even A. 7(x-2)2 – 7(y+3)2 = 14
numbers. B. 3(x-2)2 + 4(y+5)2 = 144
A. 2550 B. 2500 C. 5(x+3)2 + 5(y-4)2 = 1445
C. 1275 D. 1250 D. 3(x-4)2 – 5(y-7)2 = 2890

Solution: Explanation:
Sum of the first N counting numbers is given as The equation of a circle calls the sum of the squares
N2 + N. of (x-h) and (y-k).
You may rewrite C as (x+3)2 + (y-4)2 = 289 which
63. Find the average of the following numbers: is the center-radius form of the circle.
43 51 42 49 55
A. 46 B. 47 67. How many diagonals does a 13-sided regular
C. 48 D. 49 polygon have?
A. 130 B. 100
Solution: C. 78 D. 65
(43 + 51 + 48 + 49 + 55)/5 = 48
Solution:
Number of diagonals = n(n-3)/2
68. △ABC has a right angle at ∠B. If AC = 5 and Solution:
BC = 3, what is sin C? First, determine the value of p. Since 4p = 4 (the
A. 0.6 B. 0.7 multiplier of the non-squared variable), then p = 1.
C. 0.8 D. 1.25 Next, determine the vertex of the parabola.
(x-3)² = 4y + 24 can be rewritten as
(x-3)² = 4(y + 6). Thus, the vertex is at (3, -6).
Solution:
The parabola opens upward since p is positive and
Draw a right triangle first with the right angle at the squared variable is x. That means the directrix is
∠B. Solve for AB and write the measures on the a horizontal line 1 unit (the value of p) below the
different parts of your triangle. You would need to vertex.
find the measure of the side opposite of ∠C (that’s
AB) and the measure of the hypotenuse (that’s AC).
72. What do we call a line that the curve of a
function tends towards as the independent variable
69. There are 7 red, 8 blue and 9 black hats in a bag. of the curve approaches some limit (usually
When taking out 2 hats in succession, what is the infinity), that is, the distance between the curve and
probability of getting a red hat on both tries? the line approaches zero
A. 49/576 B. 7/96 A. secant B. asymptote
C. 7/92 D. 7/69 C. tangent D. parallel

Solution: 73. In which non-Euclidean geometry do we state

The number of red hats in the first try is 7, while the the property that a line has no parallels through a
total is 24. On the second try, there will only be 6 given point?
red hats out of 23 (since a red hat has already been A. Analytic B. Solid
removed). 7/24 x 6/23 = 7/92
C. Elliptic D. Hyperbolic

70. In the graph of (y-2)² = 12x + 4, how long is the

74. What do we call the section or curve formed by
latus rectum?
the intersection of a plane and a cone?
A. 3 B. 6
A. lateral surface
C. 12 D. 24
B. base
C. conic section
Solution:
D. eccentricity
The length of the Latus Rectum is 4p. In short, it is
the numerical coefficient of the non-squared
variable. 75. By what property do we state that
a(b+c) = ab + ac?
A. closure property
71. In the graph of (x-3)² = 4y + 24, what is the
equation of the directrix? B. transitive property
A. y = -7 B. y = -5 C. multiplicative property
C. x = 2 D. x = 4 D. distributive property of multiplication over
addition
76. In number theory, what do we call a polynomial
equation with integer coefficients that also allows
the variables and solutions to be integers only?
A. integral equations
B. differential equations
C. Diophantine equations
D. Bolyai-Lobachevsky equations

77. In the set of real numbers, what do we call the

set that includes only the counting numbers and
zero?
A. rational numbers
B. integers
C. whole numbers
D. irrational numbers

78. The amount of money you have falls under what

level of data?
A. nominal B. ordinal
C. interval D. ratio

79. To study tooth decay a researcher takes a

sample at random but with the stipulation that all
age groups are represented proportionally. What
sampling method did the researcher use?
A. systematic
B. cluster
C. stratified
D. convenience

80. By what property do we say that when A = B

and B = C, then A = C?
A. reflexive B. symmetrical
C. transitive D. closure