Description of the HDM-4 Vehicle Fleet Export File Format

This document describes the format of the Vehicle Fleet export file. Each export file is stored using the dBase file format (.dbf). As a result, this
document assumes that the reader has a basic understanding of the dbf file format, and dBase data types. Because export files are stored in
dBase format, they can be created/edited/viewed using a wide range of utilities including database tools such as Microsoft Access, and
spreadsheets such as Microsoft Excel.

A Vehicle Fleet export file consists of one record for each Vehicle Type in the corresponding Vehicle Fleet. Each record consists of 160 fields, with
one for each possible Vehicle Type parameter. The table below lists all 160 fields in the export file. The fields are listed in the order in which they
appear in the file. The following details are given for each field:

 Name – the name of the field

 Type – the dBase field type. Those used are character, numeric (integer), float, and logical.
 Width – the number of characters used in the export file to store field data (including decimal places for floats).
 Decimal Places – the number of characters defined in ‘Width’ to be used for decimal places (including decimal point character).
 Category – the vehicle category to which the field applies (see below)
 Comment - an explanatory description of the HDM-4 data item represented by the field.
 Volume 4 reference – parts of Volume 4 of the HDM-4 Series (“Analytical Framework and Model Descriptions”) in which the data item is used.
 User interface reference – a reference to the screen in the user interface where the data item is used.

Please note that not all fields are required for every Vehicle Type: some fields are specific to motorised Vehicle Types, some to non-motorised, and
some are applicable to both categories. The following symbols are used to denote which vehicle category each field applies to:

Denotes that the field applies to motorised Vehicle Types

Denotes that the field applies to non-motorised Vehicle Types
If both symbols are shown, then the field is used for both motorised and non-motorised Vehicle Types. Certain numeric fields (e.g. BASE_TYPE )
are used to store enumerated values. Where this is the case, a reference is given in the ‘Comments’ column to the section at the end of this
document which lists the respective enumerated values. For a fuller description of all the parameters stored in the various fields, please refer to the
relevant parts of Volume 4.

Please note: when viewing an export file in Excel, each Vehicle Type/record will be displayed on a separate row of the worksheet, each column will
represent a particular field. The fields will be displayed in the order shown below. When creating an export file from scratch in Excel, ensure that
the first row contains the field names (as shown below), in the correct order, and with one field per column. The Vehicle Types should start on the
next row, with one Vehicle Type per row. There should be no blank rows between Vehicle Types. If you have any problems interpreting the file
format, try exporting a small Vehicle Fleet, and then view the resultant file using one of applications listed above.
Field Field Name Type Width DPs Category Comments Volume 4 User Interface
# Reference Reference
1 VEH_NAME Character 20 0
 User specified name for vehicle type N/A Definition Tab

2 CATEGORY Numeric 1 0
 Category of vehicle type (Motorised or Non-motorised). See below E1 Definition Tab

3 BASE_TYPE Numeric 2 0
 HDM-4 base vehicle type upon which this vehicle type was derived. See
below
E1 Definition Tab

4 CLASS Numeric 1 0
 HDM-4 vehicle class to which vehicle belongs. See below E1 Definition Tab

5 INFO Character 99 0
 Long-hand description of vehicle N/A Definition Tab

6 LIFE_MODEL Numeric 1 0
 Life model used for analysis of road user effects (constant or optimal). See
below
E2-11 Definition Tab

7 PCSE Float 6 2
 Passenger Car Space Equivalent factor E2-2, E2-4 Basic
Characteristics
8 NUM_WHEELS Numeric 3 0
 The number of wheels per vehicle E2, E3 Basic
Characteristics
9 NUM_AXLES Numeric 2 0
 The number of axles per vehicle E2-2, E2-3 Basic
Characteristics
10 TYRE_TYPE Numeric 1 0
 Type of tyre for motorised vehicle type: radial ply, bias ply or super-single.
See below
E2-3 Basic
Characteristics
11 TYRE_NRO Float 6 2
 The base number of recaps per tyre carcass E2-7 Basic
Characteristics
12 TYRE_RREC Float 6 2
 Retread cost as a percentage of new tyre cost (%) E2-7 Basic
Characteristics
13 AKM0 Float 10 2
 The average number of kilometres driven (km) E2-8, E2-9,
E2-11, E3-5
Basic
Characteristics
14 HRWK0 Float 7 2
 The number of hours per year devoted to undertaking the essential tasks of
making complete round trips (hours)
E2-8, E2-11,
E2-13, E3-5
Basic
Characteristics
15 LIFE0 Float 6 2
 The average vehicle service life (years) E2-8, E2-9,
E2-11, E3-5
Basic
Characteristics
16 PP Float 6 2
 Percentage of vehicle use on private trips (%) E2-11, E2-12,
E2-13
Basic
Characteristics
17 PAX Numeric 3 0
 The average number of passengers for the vehicle type E2-14, E3-5 Basic
Characteristics
18 W Float 6 2
 The percentage of passenger trips which are work related (%) E2-14 Basic
Characteristics
19 WEIGHT_OP Float 10 2
 The average operating weight of the vehicle type E2, E3 Basic
Characteristics
20 WGT_UNIT Numeric 1 0
 Units in which operating weight is given (tonnes, pounds or Kg). See below E2, E3 Basic
Characteristics
21 ESAL Float 6 2
 Number of equivalent standard axles B1-5, C3 Basic
Characteristics
22 EUC_VEH Float 10 2
 Economic cost of new vehicle E2-11 Economic Unit
Costs
23 EUC_TYRE Float 10 2
 Economic cost of a replacement tyre E2-7 Economic Unit
Costs
24 EUC_FUEL Float 10 2
 Economic cost of fuel per litre E2-5 Economic Unit
Costs
25 EUC_OIL Float 10 2
 Economic cost of lubricants per litre E2-6 Economic Unit
Costs
26 EUC_LABOUR Float 10 2
 Economic cost of maintenance labour per hour E2-10 Economic Unit
Costs
27 EUC_CREW Float 10 2
 Economic cost of wages for all crew per hour E2-12 Economic Unit
Costs
28 EUC_OHEAD Float 10 2
 Economic overhead cost E2-13 Economic Unit
Costs
29 EUC_INTRST Float 10 2
 Economic interest rate (%) E2-11 Economic Unit
Costs
30 EUC_WORK Float 10 2
 Economic cost of passenger working time per hour E2-14 Economic Unit
Costs
31 EUC_NONWRK Float 10 2
 Economic cost of passenger non-working time per hour E2-14 Economic Unit
Costs
32 EUC_CARGO Float 10 2
 Economic cost of cargo holding per hour E2-15 Economic Unit
Costs
33 FUC_VEH Float 10 2
 Financial cost of new vehicle E2-11 Financial Unit
Costs
34 FUC_TYRE Float 10 2
 Financial cost of a replacement tyre E2-7 Financial Unit
Costs
35 FUC_FUEL Float 10 2
 Financial cost of fuel per litre E2-5 Financial Unit
Costs
36 FUC_OIL Float 10 2
 Financial cost of lubricants per litre E2-6 Financial Unit
Costs
37 FUC_LABOUR Float 10 2
 Financial cost of maintenance labour per hour E2-10 Financial Unit
Costs
38 FUC_CREW Float 10 2
 Financial cost of wages for all crew per hour E2-12 Financial Unit
Costs
39 FUC_OHEAD Float 10 2
 Financial overhead cost E2-13 Financial Unit
Costs
40 FUC_INTRST Float 10 2
 Financial interest rate (%) E2-11 Financial Unit
Costs
41 AF Float 6 2
 Frontal area of vehicle (m2) E2-3 Forces
Calibration
42 CD Float 6 2
 Aerodynamic drag coefficient E2-3 Forces
Calibration
43 CDMULT Float 6 2
 A multiplier of the aerodynamic drag E2-3 Forces
Calibration
44 CR_B_A0 Float 6 2
 Parameter of the rolling resistance model E2-3 Forces
Calibration
45 CR_B_A1 Float 6 2
 Parameter of the rolling resistance model E2-3 Forces
Calibration
46 CR_B_A2 Float 6 2
 Parameter of the rolling resistance model E2-3 Forces
Calibration
47 PDRIVE Float 10 2
 The maximum used driving power E2-3 Forces
Calibration
48 PDRV_UNITS Numeric 1 0
 Units in which driving power is given (hp, kW, mhp or ps). See below E2-3 Forces
Calibration
49 PBRAKE Float 10 2
 The maximum used braking power E2-3 Forces
Calibration
50 PBRK_UNITS Numeric 1 0
 Units in which braking power is given (hp, kW, mhp or ps). See below E2-3 Forces
Calibration
51 PRAT Float 10 2
 Rated engine power E2-5 Forces
Calibration
52 PRAT_UNITS Numeric 1 0
 Units in which rated engine power is given (hp, kW, mhp or ps). See below E2-5 Forces
Calibration
53 FPLIM Float 6 2
 Unpaved road impassability factor (1= fully passable, 3 = completely
impassable)
E2-16 Forces
Calibration
54 B_VDES2 Float 6 2
 Desired speed on a bituminous two-lane road (km/h) E2-3 Speed
Calibration
55 B_VDES_A0 Float 6 2
 Bendiness effect on desired speed parameter for bituminous roads E2-3 Speed
Calibration
56 B_VDES_A1 Float 6 2
 Rate of increase of desired speed for a two or more lane bituminous road per
metre of road width ((m/s)/m)
E2-3 Speed
Calibration
57 B_VDES_A2 Float 6 2
 Ratio of the minimum desired speed to the desired speed on a two lane
bituminous road ((m/s)/m)
E2-3 Speed
Calibration
58 B_VDES_CW1 Float 6 2
 The minimum width for a single-lane bituminous road (m) E2-3 Speed
Calibration
59 B_VDES_CW2 Float 6 2
 The minimum width for a two-lane bituminous road (m) E2-3 Speed
Calibration
60 C_VDES2 Float 6 2
 Desired speed on a two-lane concrete road (km/h) E2-3 Speed
Calibration
61 C_VDES_A0 Float 6 2
 Bendiness effect on desired speed parameter for a concrete road E2-3 Speed
Calibration
62 C_VDES_A1 Float 6 2
 Rate of increase of desired speed for a two or more lane concrete road per
metre of road width ((m/s)/m)
E2-3 Speed
Calibration
63 C_VDES_A2 Float 6 2
 Ratio of the minimum desired speed to the desired speed on a two lane
concrete road ((m/s)/m)
E2-3 Speed
Calibration
64 C_VDES_CW1 Float 6 2
 The minimum width for a single-lane concrete road (m) E2-3 Speed
Calibration
65 C_VDES_CW2 Float 6 2
 The minimum width for a two-lane concrete road (m) E2-3 Speed
Calibration
66 U_VDES2 Float 6 2
 Desired speed on a two-lane unsealed road (km/h) E2-3 Speed
Calibration
67 U_VDES_A0 Float 6 2
 Bendiness effect on desired speed parameter for an unsealed road E2-3 Speed
Calibration
68 U_VDES_A1 Float 6 2
 Rate of increase of desired speed for a two or more lane unsealed road per
metre of road width ((m/s)/m)
E2-3 Speed
Calibration
69 U_VDES_A2 Float 6 2
 Ratio of the minimum desired speed to the desired speed on a two lane
unsealed road ((m/s)/m)
E2-3 Speed
Calibration
70 U_VDES_CW1 Float 6 2
 The minimum width for a single-lane unsealed road (m) E2-3 Speed
Calibration
71 U_VDES_CW2 Float 6 2
 The minimum width for a two-lane unsealed road (m) E2-3 Speed
Calibration
72 VCURVE_A0 Float 6 2
 Regression parameter of the VCURVE model E2-3 Speed
Calibration
73 VCURVE_A1 Float 6 2
 Regression parameter of the VCURVE model E2-3 Speed
Calibration
74 VROUGH_A0 Float 6 2
 Regression parameter for the VROUGH model E2-3 Speed
Calibration
75 ARVMAX Float 6 2
 Maximum average rectified velocity of suspension motion (mm/s) E2-3 Speed
Calibration
76 SPEED_SIG Float 6 2
 Standard error in the estimation of parameters of the steady-state speed
model
E2-3 Speed
Calibration
77 SPEED_BETA Float 6 2
 The shape determinant of the Weibull distribution E2-3 Speed
Calibration
78 COV Float 6 2
 Coefficient of speed variation within the traffic stream E2-4, E2-5 Speed
Calibration
79 CGR_A0 Float 6 2
 Parameter for the critical gradient length model E2-3 Speed
Calibration
80 CGR_A1 Float 6 2
 Parameter for the critical gradient length model E2-3 Speed
Calibration
81 CGR_A2 Float 6 2
 Parameter for the critical gradient length model E2-3 Speed
Calibration
82 RPM_A0 Float 6 2
 Engine speed model parameter (RPM) E2-5 Fuel Calibration

83 RPM_A1 Float 6 2
 Engine speed model parameter (RPM/(m/s)) E2-5 Fuel Calibration

84 RPM_A2 Float 6 2
 Engine speed model parameter (RPM/(m/s)2) E2-5 Fuel Calibration

85 RPM_A3 Float 6 2
 Engine speed model parameter (m/s) E2-5 Fuel Calibration

86 RPM_IDLE Float 6 2
 Idle engine speed (RPM) E2-5 Fuel Calibration

87 IDLE_FUEL Float 6 2
 Idle fuel consumption rate (mL/s) E2-5 Fuel Calibration

88 ZETAB Float 6 2
 Base fuel to power engine efficiency factor (mL/kW/s) E2-5 Fuel Calibration

89 EHP Float 6 2
 Factor for decrease in engine efficiency at higher power E2-5 Fuel Calibration

90 EDT Float 6 2
 Drive-train efficiency factor E2-5 Fuel Calibration

91 PACCS_A0 Float 6 2
 The ratio of engine and accessories drag to the rated engine power at 100
km/h
E2-5 Fuel Calibration

92 PCTPENG Float 6 2
 Engine drag as a percentage of total engine and accessories power (%) E2-5 Fuel Calibration

93 OILCONT Float 6 2
 Oil loss due to contamination per 1000 veh-km (L/1000 km) E2-6 Fuel Calibration

94 OILOPER Float 6 2
 Oil loss due to operation per 1000 veh-km (L/1000 km) E2-6 Fuel Calibration

95 AMAXV Float 6 2
 Maximum acceleration noise for vehicle (m/s²) E2-4 Acceleration
Effects
96 FRIAMAX Float 6 2
 Maximum acceleration noise due to side friction (m/s²) E2-4 Acceleration
Effects
97 NMTAMAX Float 6 2
 Maximum acceleration noise due to non-motorised transport (m/s²) E2-4 Acceleration
Effects
98 RIAMAX Float 6 2
 Maximum acceleration noise due to roughness (m/s²) E2-4 Acceleration
Effects
99 AMAXRI Float 6 2
 Roughness at which maximum acceleration noise RIAMAXk occurs (m/km) E2-4 Acceleration
Effects
100 WHEEL_DIAM Float 6 2
 The diameter of a wheel (m) E2-3, E3-4 Tyre Calibration
/ Basic Chars
101 TYRE_C0TC Float 6 2
 Parameter related to the material properties of the tyre (dm3) E2-7 Tyre Calibration

102 TYRE_CTCTE Float 6 2

 Tyre wear coefficient (dm3/J-m) E2-7 Tyre Calibration

103 TYRE_CTCON Float 6 2

 Incremental factor of tyre wear related to congestion fuel E2-7 Tyre Calibration

104 TYRE_VOL Float 6 2

 The volume of wearable rubber per tyre (dm3) E2-7 Tyre Calibration

105 PARTS_A0 Float 6 2

 Constant term of the parts consumption model E2-9 Maintenance
Calibration
106 PARTS_A1 Float 6 2
 Roughness dependent parameter of the parts consumption E2-9 Maintenance
Calibration
107 PARTS_KP Float 6 2
 Age effect parameter in the parts consumption model E2-9 Maintenance
Calibration
108 RI_SHAPE Float 6 2
 Shape smoothing factor for the parts consumption model E2-9 Maintenance
Calibration
109 RIMIN Float 6 2
 The minimum roughness to use in the parts consumption model E2-9 Maintenance
Calibration
110 CPCON Float 6 2
 Incremental factor of parts consumption related to congestion fuel E2-9 Maintenance
Calibration
111 PARTS_K0PC Float 6 2
 Rotation factor for calibrating the parts consumption model E2-9 Maintenance
Calibration
112 PARTS_K1PC Float 6 2
 Translation factor for the parts consumption model E2-9 Maintenance
Calibration
113 LAB_A0 Float 6 2
 Constant term of the labour hours model E2-10 Maintenance
Calibration
114 LAB_A1 Float 6 2
 Parts consumption exponent of the labour hours model E2-10 Maintenance
Calibration
115 LAB_K0LH Float 6 2
 Rotational calibration factor of the labour hours model E2-10 Maintenance
Calibration
116 LAB_K1LH Float 6 2
 Translation calibration factor of the labours hours model E2-10 Maintenance
Calibration
117 OPTLIFE_A0 Float 6 2
 Regression coefficient for the optimal life model E2-11 Optimal Life
Calibration
118 OPTLIFE_A1 Float 6 2
 Regression coefficient for the optimal life model E2-11 Optimal Life
Calibration
119 OPTLIFE_A2 Float 6 2
 The minimum residual value of a vehicle as a percentage of the new vehicle
price (%)
E2-11 Optimal Life
Calibration
120 OPTLIFE_A3 Float 6 2
 The maximum residual value of a vehicle as a percentage of the new vehicle
price (%)
E2-11 Optimal Life
Calibration
121 OPTLIFE_A4 Float 6 2
 The maximum average roughness below which the maximum vehicle
residual value is achievable (m/km)
E2-11 Optimal Life
Calibration
122 EM_HC_0 Float 6 2
 Calibration factor for the hydrocarbon emission model F3-2 Emissions
Calibration
123 EM_HC_1 Float 6 2
 Calibration factor for the hydrocarbon emission and fuel consumption
relationship
F3-2 Emissions
Calibration
124 EM_CO_0 Float 6 2
 Calibration factor for the carbon monoxide emission model F3-2 Emissions
Calibration
125 EM_CO_1 Float 6 2
 Calibration factor for the carbon monoxide emission and fuel consumption
relationship
F3-2 Emissions
Calibration
126 EM_NOX_0 Float 6 2
 Calibration factor for the nitrous oxide emission model F3-2 Emissions
Calibration
127 EM_NOX_1 Float 6 2
 Calibration factor for the nitrous oxide emission and fuel consumption
relationship
F3-2 Emissions
Calibration
128 EM_PART_0 Float 6 2
 Calibration factor for the particulates emission model F3-2 Emissions
Calibration
129 EM_PART_1 Float 6 2
 Calibration factor for the particulates emission and fuel consumption
relationship
F3-2 Emissions
Calibration
130 EM_CO2_0 Float 6 2
 Calibration factor for the carbon dioxide emission model F3-2 Emissions
Calibration
131 EM_SO2_0 Float 6 2
 Calibration factor for the sulphur dioxide emission model F3-2 Emissions
Calibration
132 EM_LEAD_0 Float 6 2
 Calibration factor for the lead emission model F3-2 Emissions
Calibration
133 EN_FUELTYP Numeric 1 0
 Type of fuel (petrol or diesel). See below F2-3 Not in User
Interface
134 EN_PRODVEH Float 6 2
 Energy used in production of vehicle (GJ) F2-3 Energy
Calibration
135 EN_PCTPART Float 6 2
 Percentage of parts made in the country of analysis (%) F2-3 Energy
Calibration
136 EN_PCTVEH Float 6 2
 Percentage of vehicle made in the country of analysis (%) F2-3 Energy
Calibration
137 EN_TYREWGT Float 6 2
 Average weight of tyre (Kg) F2-3 Energy
Calibration
138 EN_TAREWGT Float 6 2
 Average unladen weight of vehicle (tonnes) F2-3 Energy
Calibration
139 EN_TAREUNT Numeric 1 0
 Units in which unladen weight is given (tonnes, pounds, Kg). See below F2-3 Energy
Calibration
140 NM_WHEEL Numeric 1 0
 Wheel type (pneumatic, steel or wood). See below. E3-2, E3-4 Basic
Characteristics
141 NM_PAYLOAD Float 8 2
 Average weight of load carried by vehicle E3-2 Basic
Characteristics
142 NM_VDESP Float 8 2
 Desired speed of vehicle on paved roads (km/h) E3-4 NM Calibration

143 NM_VDESU Float 8 2

 Desired speed of vehicle on unpaved roads (km/h) E3-4 NM Calibration

144 NM_A_RGH Float 8 2

 Roughness coefficient of the speed model E3-4 NM Calibration

145 NM_CRGR Float 8 2

 Critical gradient for vehicle type E3-4 NM Calibration

146 NM_A_GRD Float 8 2

 Gradient dependant coefficient of the speed model E3-4 NM Calibration

147 NM_A_RMC Float 8 2

 Repair and maintenance cost model calibration factor E3-5 NM Calibration

148 NM_B_RMC Float 8 2

 Repair and maintenance cost model calibration factor E3-5 NM Calibration

149 NM_KEF Float 8 2

 Energy efficiency factor E3-5 NM Calibration

150 EUC_PSGR Float 10 2

 Average economic cost of passenger time (per hour) E3-5 Economic Unit
Costs
151 EUC_ENERGY Float 10 2
 Economic cost of energy used by NMT vehicle (cost/Joule) E3-5 Economic Unit
Costs
152 FUC_PSGR Float 10 2
 Average financial cost of passenger time (per hour) E3-5 Financial Unit
Costs
153 FUC_CARGO Float 10 2
 Average financial cost of cargo delay (per hour) E3-5 Financial Unit
Costs
154 FUC_ENERGY Float 10 2
 Financial cost of energy used by NMT vehicle (cost/Joule) E3-5 Financial Unit
Costs
155 CURRENCY Character 20 0
 Currency in which all fleet unit costs are specified. Must be the same for all
vehicle types.
N/A Fleet Info

156 EMRAT_A0 Float 10 4

 Inertial resistance parameter E2-5 Not in User
Interface
157 EMRAT_A1 Float 10 4
 Inertial resistance parameter E2-5 Not in User
Interface
158 EMRAT_A2 Float 10 4
 Inertial resistance parameter E2-5 Not in User
Interface
159 KPFAC Float 7 4
 TBS TBS Not in User
Interface
160 KPEA Float 7 4
 Calibration factor for total engine and accessories power E2-5 Not in User
Interface
Values for the enumerated fields are as follows: Weight Units
0 = tonnes
Vehicle Category 1 = pounds
0 = motorised (MT) 2 = kg
1 = non-motorised (NM)
Power Units
Base Vehicle Type 0 = hp
(MT) 1 = kW
0 = motorcycle 2 = mhp
1 = small car 3 = ps
2 = medium car
3 = large car MT Fuel Type
4 = light delivery 0 = petrol
5 = light goods 1 = diesel
6 = four wheel drive
7 = light truck NM Tyre Type
8 = medium truck 0 = steel
9 = heavy truck 1 = pneumatic
10 = articulated truck 2 = wooden
11 = mini bus
12 = light bus
13 = medium bus
14 = heavy bus
15 = coach

(NM)
0 = pedestrian
1 = bicycle
2 = rickshaw
3 = animal cart

Vehicle Class
(MT)
0 = motorcycles
1 = passenger cars
2 = utilities
3 = trucks
4 = buses

(NM)
0 = pedestrian
1 = bicycle
2 = rickshaw
3 = animal cart

MT Life Model
0 = constant life
1 = optimal life

MT Tyre Type
0 = radial ply
1 = bias ply
2 = super single