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I - Content Standard:: References

This is a lesson plan entitled Chromosome which shows a plan on how to teach the parts of chromosome in a class using 7E's method.

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Justine Pama
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273 views3 pages

I - Content Standard:: References

This is a lesson plan entitled Chromosome which shows a plan on how to teach the parts of chromosome in a class using 7E's method.

Uploaded by

Justine Pama
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Demonstrator: Pama, Justine C.

Grade/Section: Grade 8 – Pigeon, Hero, Swift


Cooperating School: Sumirap National High School

I – Content Standard: The learners demonstrate an understanding of:


A) how cells divide to produce new cells.

II – Objectives: At the end of the topic the students must have:


A) recognized the structure of the chromosome,
B) created their own structure of chromosome,
C) given their own ideas about the different parts of the chromosome.
III – Materials:
 visual aids, manila paper, markers, printed pictures
References: Science 8 Learner’s Module pp. 37-321
https://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/primer/basics/chromosome
https://biodifferences.com/difference-between-heterochromatin-and-
euchromatin.html#Definition

IV – Subject Matter: “Chromosome”


V – Procedure: Deductive (Grade 8 students)
Teacher’s Activity Students’ Activity
A. Preparation
a. Review

b. Motivation
So before we will have our discussion this
morning, let us first have an activity.
Activity 1: Pass the box
Directions: I want you to form a big circle. All you have
to do is to pass the box while I play a music. The student
who will be holding the box while the music is being
stopped or paused will get to pick a piece of rolled
paper inside the box, read the question, and try to
answer it through arranging the jumbled letters and
through your stock knowledge. (5 minutes)
B. Presentation
Now class, do you know that these words you
have formed play a very important role in all living
cells?
For us to find out how important their roles are,
sit properly, eyes and ears open as we are going to
know what is a chromosome and its parts. Everybody
read! Parts of the Chromosome
C. Generalization
We have already discussed about the parts and
functions of an animal cell. One of its parts is the
nucleus. Again, what is nucleus? Yes ____? Nucleus is an organelle that controls the cell.
Okay, very good! Nucleus is an organelle which
leads or controls all of the activities happen inside the
cell because it contains the directions to make proteins
which is the chromosome. Everybody read.  Chromosome – contains DNA molecule that is
packaged into thread-like structures which carries
the genetic material and proteins of an organism.
This is a chromosome. (Shows the diagram of a  Sister chromatids, p arm, q arm, telomere,
chromosome.) A chromosome has also its parts. centromere, heterochromatin, and euchromatin.
Everybody read.
D. Discussion
To know what is chromosome, let me show you
its detailed structure. (Shows the picture.)
As you can see, the chromosome is found inside
the nucleus and cannot be seen in the naked eye. It is
being coiled just like a rope because it is very long. It is
very long because it contains the DNA
(Deoxyribonucleic acid), which looks like a ladder that
is being twisted, that carries the genetic instructions
that direct the cell activities and functions which is
called ‘gene’ that are passed on from generation to
another. Gene is in the DNA.
Chromosome, though being coiled, has also its
parts. First we have the sister chromatids. Everybody  Sister chromatids - these are two identical copies
read! of the chromosome.

If you are going to cut the chromosome in half


class, it produces two sister chromatids where both
chromatids contain the same genetic instructions or
gene.  Centromere - the central region of the
Next we have the centromere. Everybody read! chromosomal structure.
Centromere class is the central region of the
chromosomal structure where the two sister
chromatids are being joined or attached to each other.
Centromere may divide the chromosome into arms.
First we have the p arm. P arm is the short arms of the
chromosome while q arm is the long arms of the
chromosome. Next we have the heterochromatin.
Everybody read!  Heterochromatin - part of the chromosomes,
which is the tightly packed form of DNA and
As you can see, heterochromatin is the darker are genetically inactive during cell activities.
one where it is very compact. Its function to protect the
DNA from the endonuclease damage; it is due to its
compact nature. It also prevents the DNA regions to
get accessed to proteins during gene expression.
Next we have the euchromatin. Everybody read.

 Euchromatin - part of the chromosomes, which is


the loosely packed form of DNA and are
genetically active during cell activities.
As you can see from the picture, euchromatin is
the lighter one where it is loosely packed. Its function
is that the active genes present in euchromatin gets
transcribed to make mRNA whereby further encoding
the functional proteins. The last one we have the
telomere. Everybody read!  Telomere - repetitive DNA sequences that is
situated at the tips of chromosomes which protect
the ends of the chromosomes from damage and
stop them from becoming attached to each other.
Telomere class is located at each tips of the
chromosome. It is like the tips of a shoelace which is
covered with plastics para dili mabungkag. Just like the
tips of a shoelace, telomeres are also being capped to
keep the DNA from unraveling. Without telomeres,
DNA strands become damaged and our cells cannot
do their job which is to reproduce.
I have here a table which contains the chromosome
numbers of selected organisms.
Organism Chromosome Number
Roundworm 12
Fruit fly 8
Dog 52
Man 46
Rice 24
Corn 20

As you can see from the table, man has 46


chromosomes which is 23 in pairs.
Am I understood? Yes ma’am.
Do you have any questions or clarifications? None ma’am.
If none, then I will be the one who’s going to ask
you a question.
Values Integration
Why are chromosomes important to all living
organisms? Yes student _____? (Answer depends on what he or she learned.)

Okay very good! Chromosomes are very


important especially to all living organisms because
chromosomes are located in the nucleus of each cell
containing the DNA comprising genes. Genes are
passed from parent to child making each of us unique.
In other words, chromosomes make you, you. The
gene also is very important because it has the
instructions to make proteins which are enzymes
necessary for the growth and development. Am I Yes ma’am.
understand?
Since you already know what is chromosome and
its structure, let’s proceed to our next activity.
E. Application
Activity 1 (Making a “Chromosome Diagram”)
Directions: Group the class into 5. Let them make a
diagram of a chromosome and label it. Each group
must select a representative who will discuss their
output. (Give them 3 minutes to do the activity.)
Rubric:
Creativity – 20
Content - 20
Delivery - 10
-----------------
50 pts

IV – Evaluation
Directions: Draw a structure of a chromosome, name its parts and give each of their functions in a 1
whole sheet of paper.

V. – Assignment
Directions: Make an advance study about the cell cycle.

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