Chapter 4

RESULT AND DISCUSSION

This study anchors to support the data gathered from the

quantitative research and to know the relationship of computer literacy

and performance of programming of the grade 12 ICT students in

University of Mindanao Tagum College. The conduct of the study

generated amount of data that are relevant and can be used to support

further details for the students.

The following research questions were raised:

1. What are your basic understandings when you hear the term

Computer Literacy and Performance in Programming?

2. How does Computer Literacy become the factor in the learning

process of ICT students in terms of Performance in Programming?

3. What insights and recommendations would you give to enable the

students to be computer literate?

The researchers utilized phenomenological research design for the

qualitative phase, phenomenological inquiry is particularly appropriate

to address meanings and perspectives of research participants. The

major concern of phenomenological analysis is to understand "how the

everyday, inter-subjective world is constituted" (Schwandt, 2000) from

the participants' perspective.

CATEGORIZATION OF DATA

The data were grouped according to responses of the participants

and identified the common answers in order to come up with the

essential themes. These data were arranged and organized based on

the common or general concepts presented by the participants.

Regrouping was done to reduce the essential themes.The main themes

into fewer items. The process finally generated essential themes. The

second sets of data were the important phrases that emerged from the

transcripts and comments were identified as thematic statements.

They were organized to come up with the essential theme.

The key informants and participants answered the same sets of

questions with a strong determination. We were able to find our

informants through scouting and roaming on the classroom of the

grade 12 ICT students. The meeting with our respondents were

arranged during their vacant time. Their experiences as internet users

give information to the study. When asked through the guide

question, each of them answered relating to their each experience.

For the qualitative research question, the data were gathered

through in-depth interview with 7 informants and 7 participants in

focus group discussion. And the themes were drawn out the given

data.
 Table 1

Participants’ Information

Pseudonym Gender Level Study Group

Liza Female Grade-12 In-Depth Interview

Jake Male Grade-12 In-Depth Interview

Ariana Female Grade-12 In-Depth Interview

Daniel Male Grade-12 In-Depth Interview

Exbey Male Grade-12 In-Depth Interview

Kyle Male Grade-12 In-Depth Interview

Annecurtney Female Grade-11 In-Depth Interview

Sarah Female Grade-12 Focus Group Discussion

Jelly Female Grade-12 Focus Group Discussion

Kurt Male Grade-12 Focus Group Discussion

Tami Male Grade-12 Focus Group Discussion

Carl Male Grade-12 Focus Group Discussion

Grabiella Female Grade-12 Focus Group Discussion

Klinton Male Grade-12 Focus Group Discussion

 Table 2

Themes and Core Ideas on the Understanding of Computer

Literacy and Performance in Programming of the Senior High

School ICT students in UM Tagum College

MAJOR THEMES CORE IDEAS

Computer Literacy links to  It would be helpful when
Performance in Programming
you’re computer literate

already because you can

easily understand the lessons

in Computer Programming

since you have basic the

knowledge. And you might

come-up with good grades.

 If you are a computer literate

student then you can easily

relate the topics in computer

programming at least.

 Yes, because when we say

computer literate, it means

that u have basic

understanding about

computer-related skills such

as using Microsoft Word,

Presentation, Excel, and

 Access since it is part of the

performance in programming.

 Being a computer literate is a

plus points since the course

computer programming is

hard ; therefore, knowing the

basic computer skills is

would be great.

Computer Literacy links to student’s Performance in Programming

Most of the respondent on the In-depth Interview and Focus Group

Discussion said that being computer literate has relationship to student’s

performance in programming.

Two of the participants in FGD and IDI expressed:

“Naa jud advantage sa isa ka esudyante na computer

literate siya, why? Kay kabalo naman gud siya mu gamit sa
mga basic functions like kabalo siya mogamit ug Microsoft
Word bana or what ug mismo ang computer hawd na siya
so kung interms of programming advantage na saiya. Dili
man saingon na hawd jud, dali lang jud makasabot so bale
murag additional points nalng pud na.”(FGD_1)

“Dako jud kaayug advantage sa isa ka student like sa mga ICT

students na computer literate siya kay para dali rasad niya
masabtan ang computer programming. Kay kung computer literate
man gud ka, kabalo naka magkuri-kuri sa basic functions
halimbawa kung unsaon pag save, delete, copy, paste so kung mag
code ug program so dili naka maglibog pa.”(FGD_3)
 “Kanang kung computer literate kay mas dakog chance na dali
rasad ka kasabot ug computer programming para sa ako” (IDI)_6)

“Naa jud siyay relationship kung halimbawa computer literate ka

kay siguro dili naka mag adjust sa computer programming since naa
naman kay nasic knowledge.”(IDI_7)

Other participants added that:

“Halimbawa man gud kung computer literate ka, kana ganing dili
naka ma ignorantre unsaon pag open sa computer, paggamit, pag
kuri-kuri sa mga functions niya. Unlike sa sa mga computer illiterate
kay mag adjust pajud sila, so maglisod jud sila sa computer
programming since sa basics kay naglisod man sila” (FGD_4)

“Kaning, naa lang percentage na naa jud relationship ang pagiging

computer literate sa imong performance in programming. I cannot tell
it factually, since wala pamay exact findings ani nga mag ingon nga
naa jud diay relationship ang duha.” (IDI_2)
 Table 3

Themes and Core Ideas on the how Computer Literacy become

the factor in the learning process of ICT students in UM Tagum
College
MAJOR THEMES CORE IDEAS

Computer Literacy as pros in the  I can easily manipulate or use

learning process
the computers and with that ,

it become easy for me to

understand also computer

programming.

 I can navigate files. I can use

databases, and can utilize the

use of search engines to

further research the topics

easily.

 I can use the Microsoft Word

whenever I’m editing for a

document. I can use Microsoft

Presentations to make a report

easily and fast.

 I can understand and can

adapt easily the programs that

were given by the professor.

Computer Literacy as pros in the learning process

The participants shared almost the same answers on how

computer literacy becomes the factor in the learning process of ICT

students. Most of their answers resulted that being computer literate was

an advantage in the learning process of a student.

Three of the participants from the IDI said that:

“Kabalo ko mugamit ug search engines para ka

maka surf ko in the internet as basis para
makabuhat kog assignments or activities related
to computer programming. Matawag japon na siya
na one of the factors of computer literacy since
kabalo man ko mo utilize unsaon pag
gamit.”(IDI_6)

“Kabalo ko mo navigate ug files. Mo open ug files

gikan sa Local Disk.”(IDI_5)

“Maka adapt ko dayon unsaon pag pagana sa program kay

kabalo nako sa mga basic functions or shortcuts on how to
copy, paste, delete, and even transfer file from that system
to another.”(IDI_1)

Another participants from the FGD added that:

“Even online navigation is dili nako maglisod

kay naa nakoy background knowledge about
anang mga ing-ana”

“Kaning halimbawa kay dili nako maglisod

unsaon pagsabot unsaon ni siya pag save sa
files, pagpa run mana. Ing ana lng na mga
butang”(FGD_7)
 Table 4

Themes and Core Ideas on Insights of the grade ICT 12 students

in UM Tagum College on how to become a computer literate
MAJOR THEMES CORE IDEAS
Watching Video Tutorials in  Watching video tutorials in
social media
YouTube on how to become a

computer literate.

 Surfing on the internet and

look for suggested videos

from different websites that is

related to computer literacy

lessons.

Utilizing other media such as  Whenever i have free time, I

reading books
used to read books in the

library that is related to

computer literacy activities in

order for me to advance my

knowledge.

 During my leisure time, and

when I get bored. I read

books since we have lots of

book in our house that is

related to computer literacy.

Watching video tutorials in social media

The participants from the IDI and FGD expressed:

“Nag tan-aw ko sa YouTube ug video tutorials about computer

literacy kay para madagdagan sad akong knowledge about
ana.”(IDI_2)

“Kanang, mag tan-aw ug video sa lain websites nga related

kung unsaon para mahimong computer literate.”(FGD_6)
Utilizing other media such as reading books

Participants from IDI and FGD expressed:

“Kanang kung naa koy free time kay muadto ko ug library

para mag basa-basa lang ug mga topics about computer
literacy since ang library kay daghan man ug books
ana.”(IDI_1)

“During free time sa balay kay mag basa-basa lang ko ug

libro about computer literacy or related sa course kay gusto
mag advance reading na daan.”(FGD_3)
 Chapter Summary

Computer Literacy became one of the factors that affect the

students’ performance in programming particularly those students who

took the course Information and Communication Technology

(ICT).Utilizing computers and related technology efficiently, with a range

of skills covering levels from elementary use to programming and

advanced problem solving. Level of familiarity with the basic hardware

and software (and now Internet),a concept that allows one to use

personal computers for data entry, word processing, spreadsheets, and

electronic communications.

Being computer literate creates a good result in terms of

performance in programming particularly in the grades of the ICT

students. These findings have been supported from the participants’

answers based on In-depth interview and the Focus Group Discussion

that the researchers conducted as the respondents shared their insights

towards the Computer Literacy and Performance in Programming of

Grade 12 ICT students in UM-Tagum College.

The respondents shared their views and opinions about computer

literacy and the correspond effect to the student’s performance in

programming. They shared their thoughts and ideas on computer literacy

and based on their answers we came-up those major themes that were

mentioned above during the transcription. They’ve said that, being

computer literate has an adverse relationship to student’s performance in

programming. A student who is computer literate has an advantage for

those students who are computer illiterate in general.

 Chapter 5

SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

This chapter presents the discussion of the results of the study as

well as the recommendations and implications for practice for the future

researched anchored on the developed themes during data analysis. The

understanding of computer literacy and the relationship to the student’s

performance in programming is the focus of this qualitative investigation.

CONCLUSIONS

Computer literacy-skill is a common term among ICT students. On

the other hand, not all ICT students are computer literate. There are

students who are not familiar on the usage of computer such as

navigating files, handling metadata, sorting and transferring of files from

one system to another or even using database is far from their

knowledge. With issues given, that is the main objectives of this

qualitative investigation among ICT students in UM Tagum College.

The study reveals that there is significant relationship of being

computer literate towards the student’s performance in programming.

Most of their answers imply that it is a pros for those students who are

computer literate and a cons for those computer illiterate, who took the

course Information and Communication Technology (ICT).

On the other hand, the study suggested that the students can be

computer literate as suggested in the study by means of watching video

tutorials in YouTube or reading books as a simple ways in educating

one’s self.

RECOMMENDATIONS

After a careful review of the findings and conclusions of the study, the

following recommendations are given:

1. The findings of the study will serve as basis for policy formulation so

that the goals and targets for high academic performance and effective

students learning will be achieved.

2. The students can evaluate the difference between computer literate and

computer illiterate towards students’ performance in programming.

3. Future researchers can use this study as baseline information to

conduct additional study using the same variables.