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Hormonal Contraceptives: Types of Hormonal Birth Control Methods

Hormonal contraceptives include birth control pills, patches, vaginal rings, injections, and implants that use hormones to prevent pregnancy. They work by stopping the release of eggs from the ovaries (ovulation), thickening cervical mucus to prevent sperm from reaching the egg, or changing the lining of the uterus. Some common hormonal methods are combination or mini pills taken daily, a vaginal ring worn continuously for 3 weeks each month, a patch applied to the skin weekly, and injections or implants that slowly release hormones over time. These methods are highly effective at preventing pregnancy when used correctly but can cause side effects like headaches, mood changes, and irregular bleeding. They do not protect against sexually transmitted infections.

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69 views4 pages

Hormonal Contraceptives: Types of Hormonal Birth Control Methods

Hormonal contraceptives include birth control pills, patches, vaginal rings, injections, and implants that use hormones to prevent pregnancy. They work by stopping the release of eggs from the ovaries (ovulation), thickening cervical mucus to prevent sperm from reaching the egg, or changing the lining of the uterus. Some common hormonal methods are combination or mini pills taken daily, a vaginal ring worn continuously for 3 weeks each month, a patch applied to the skin weekly, and injections or implants that slowly release hormones over time. These methods are highly effective at preventing pregnancy when used correctly but can cause side effects like headaches, mood changes, and irregular bleeding. They do not protect against sexually transmitted infections.

Uploaded by

Ravin Boodhan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Hormonal contraceptives

Hormonal contraception refers to birth control methods that act on the endocrine system. Almost all
methods are composed of steroid hormones. Hormonal methods of birth control prevent eggs from
being released from the ovaries; thicken cervical mucus of the uterus to prevent implantation. Most
pills are “combination pill” containing a mix of hormones oestrogen and progesterone to prevent
ovulation.

Types of Hormonal Birth Control methods


 The hormone vaginal ring is placed in the vagina for 3 weeks. This gives continuous birth control for the
month. On the first day of the fourth week the ring is removed. Then the patient has a menstrual
period. The exact position of the ring in the vagina is not critical for the ring to work.

 The birth control patch is thin, light brown, 4½-centimeter square patch that sticks to the skin.
It releases hormones through the skin into the bloodstream to prevent pregnancy. Hormones
are chemical substances that control the functioning of the body's organs.
 Birth control pills are kinds of medicine with hormones that are take every day to prevent
pregnancy. The birth control pill works by stopping sperm from meeting an egg. Example :
1. Postinor is an Emergency Contraceptive Pill (ECP) which safely prevents unwanted
accidental pregnancy within 72 hours after unprotected sexual intercourse.

 The birth control shot is a hormonal injection that prevents unplanned pregnancy for three
months at a time. The hormone in this shot is progestin. The birth control shot works similarly
to the birth control pill. It prevents ovulation and increases the mucus buildup around the
opening of the cervix.
 Advantages of hormonal birth control method:

There are a number of benefits of taking the pill. Both the combination pill and mini-pill can regularize
a woman's menstrual cycle and reduce her menstrual flow and menstrual cramps. This is the evidence
that the pill protects against cancer of the ovaries and uterus as well as pelvic inflammatory disease
and iron deficiency anemia.
The combination pill can reduce:
 Acne (although maximal acne reduction may take six months to occur )
 The risk of an ectopic pregnancy. ( a complication if pregnancy where the embryo attaches
outside the uterus)
 Noncancerous breast cysts ( a fluid filled sac within the breast )
 Ovarian cysts ( fluid filled sac in the ovary)

 Disadvantages of hormonal methods for birth control :

 The necessity of taking medications continuously.


 The cost of medications.
 Women must remember to take them regularly or use them exactly as prescribed.
 A doctor’s visit and prescription are required.
 They do not protect a woman against STDs or sexual transmitted diseases
 Women must begin using hormonal contraceptives in advance before they become
effective.
 For some women, hormonal preparations are associated with unpleasant side effects or
increase health risks.

 Side effects of hormonal methods of birth control


Side effects of hormonal methods of birth control depend upon the method, but may include:
i. Breast tenderness
ii. Headaches
iii. Anxiety
iv. Blood clots
v. Heart attack
vi. Stroke
vii. Weight gain
viii. Acne
ix. Mood changes
x. Depression

 How effective are hormonal contraceptives?


Women take the pill by mouth to prevent pregnancy, and when taken correctly, it is up to
99.9% effective. However, the pill does not protect against sexually transmitted disease.

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