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Artificial Intelligence Presentation 2019

Artificial Intelligence Presentation 2019 by Bhagirath

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136 views28 pages

Artificial Intelligence Presentation 2019

Artificial Intelligence Presentation 2019 by Bhagirath

Uploaded by

bhagirathl
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Artificial Intelligence

and

Machine Learning
‘Leader in artificial intelligence will rule world’
- Vladimir Putin

Bhagirath Kumar Lader


Chief Manager
Business Information System

5th April 2019


Cognitive Ability
 Cognitive ability is defined as a general mental capability
involving reasoning, problem solving, planning, abstract
thinking, complex idea comprehension, and learning from
experience
 Intelligence is an umbrella term used when making summary
statements concerning agent’s cognitive abilities and
potential
 Intelligence is the measure of cognitive capabilities
Natural Intelligence

Video Link
Artificial Intelligence
 Artificial Intelligence or Machine Intelligence is a set of
related technologies that seems to emulate human thinking
and action in machines or agents
 AI is about idea of building machines or agents which are
capable of thinking and acting like humans
 AI systems:
 learn from experience i.e. data / feedback
 arrive at their own conclusions
 appear to understand complex real-world case or scenario
 participate in natural-language dialogues with people
 have cognitive capabilities i.e. learning and problem solving
Artificial Intelligence Paradigms
Symbolic View

The field of AI, since its inception, has been conceived mainly as
the development of models using symbol manipulation. The
computation in such models is based on explicit representations
that contain symbols organized in some specific ways and
aggregate information is explicitly represented with aggregate
structures that are constructed from constituent symbols and
syntactic combinations of these symbols.

Also called Good Old-Fashioned AI (GOFAI)


Artificial Intelligence Paradigms
Connectionists View

The connectionist paradigm aims at massively parallel models that


consist of a large number of simple and uniform processing elements
(neurons) interconnected with extensive links, that is, artificial neural
networks and their various generalizations.

In many connectionist models, representations are distributed


throughout a large number of processing elements. Sometimes the
constituent symbolic structures of aggregate information are embedded
in a network and difficult to identify.

Due to their massively parallel nature, such models are good at flexible
and robust processing, and show promise at dealing with some tasks that
have been difficult for the symbolic paradigm.
AI Knowledge Domains
Computer
Science
Cognitive
Statistics
Science

Psychology Engineering

Physiology Ethics

Philosophy Linguistics

Natural
Logic
Sciences
Mathematics
AI Technological Representations
 Machine Learning including Neural Network

 Robotics

 Popular Search Algorithms

 Fuzzy Logic

 Expert Systems

 Natural Language Processing


Types of Artificial Intelligence

 Weak AI or Narrow AI

AI system that is designed and trained for a particular task


which it can do at par or better than a human.

Virtual personal assistants, such as Apple's Siri or Google


Assistant, are a form of weak AI. The current research of AI is
here now
Types of Artificial Intelligence

 Strong AI or General AI

An artificial intelligence reaches the general state when it can


perform any intellectual task with the same accuracy level as a
human would. When presented with an unfamiliar task, a
strong AI system will be able to find a solution without human
intervention.

An AI is strong when it can beat humans in many tasks.


Machine Learning
 Machine learning (ML) is a category of algorithms that allows software
applications to become more accurate in predicting outcomes without
being explicitly programmed.

 The basic premise of machine learning is to build algorithms that can


receive input data and use statistical analysis to predict an output while
updating outputs as new data becomes available.

 Today’s AI is largely based on Machine Learning

 Formal Definition:
A computer program is said to learn from experience E with respect to
some class of tasks T and performance measure P if its performance at tasks
in T, as measured by P, improves with experience E.
(Tom M Mitchell)
Types of Machine Learning

Supervised Unsupervised
Learning Learning

Reinforcement
Learning
Supervised Learning

 Supervised Learning Algorithms examples are linear and


logistic regression, multi-class classification, Neural
networks, and support vector machines etc.
 Supervised learning classified into two categories of
algorithms:
 Classification: A classification problem is when the output
variable is a category, such as “Red” or “Blue” or “disease” and
“no disease”.
 Regression: A regression problem is when the output variable
is a real value, such as “INR” or “weight”.
Machine learning in medical
diagnostics
 Chatbots: AI-chatbots with speech recognition capability to
identify patterns in patient symptoms to form a potential
diagnosis, prevent disease and/or recommend an action.
 Oncology: Researchers are using deep learning to train algorithms
to recognize cancerous tissue at a level comparable to trained
physicians.
 Pathology: Pathology is the medical specialty that is concerned
with the diagnosis of disease based on the laboratory analysis of
blood as well as tissues.
 Rare Diseases and Depression: Patient photos are analyzed using
facial analysis and deep learning to detect phenotypes that
correlate with rare genetic diseases.
Unsupervised Learning
 Unsupervised Learning is a class of Machine Learning

techniques to find the patterns in data without any label.

 Unsupervised learning is a type of machine

learning algorithm used to draw inferences from datasets


consisting of input data without labeled responses.

 The most common unsupervised learning method is

cluster analysis, which is used for exploratory data analysis to


find hidden patterns or grouping in data.
Reinforcement Learning
 Reinforcement learning is about taking suitable action to
maximize reward in a particular situation
 Reinforcement learning differs from the supervised learning
in a way that in supervised learning the model is trained with
the correct answer whereas in reinforcement learning, there
is no answer
 The reinforcement agent decides what to do to perform the
given task
 In the absence of training dataset, it is bound to learn from its
experience
 It is employed by various software and machines to find the
best possible behavior or path it should take in a specific
situation
Reinforcement Learning

Video Link- Tesla Auto Pilot


Identify the types of these Sarees
Identify the types of these Sarees
Identify the types of these Sarees
Google Cloud AutoML
 Google Cloud AutoML

https://cloud.google.com/automl

 Train high-quality custom machine learning models with


minimum effort and machine learning expertise.
Google Cloud AutoML
 Step 1: Upload hundreds of pictures with labels

 Step 2: Train the model by a single click

 Step 3: System is ready for prediction.

 Step 4: Upload a new picture of a Kanjivaram Silk saree and it will

tell you if it is the genuine silk!

That’s it!
AI is no more technical

 Christie’s, a 252-year-
old auction house, has
sold its first piece of AI
art, a canvas named the
Portrait of Edmond Belamy
AI is no more technical

 Guess the Price?

 INR 2,99,06,294

The sale at $432,500 is unusual not only as a first for the 252-year-old auction house,
but because the expected price for the print was between $7,000 and $10,000 i. e.
INR 484,085 to INR 691,550
AI can make you instantly rich!
AI Applications
 Google’s self-driving cars
 Amazon’s Alexa, Apple’s Siri, Google Assistant
 Amazon E-commerce site’s recommendation engine
 Google Translate
 Bing Search,
 Netflix,YouTube, Spotify and Flipkart
 Rolls-Royce Trent engine fleet wide-body aircraft.
 Chatbots or virtual agents with natural language processing.
AI Applications
 AI powered drones
 TrailGuard uses machine learning to curb African elephant
poaching.
 Facebook and Linkedin feeds
 Gmail and Linkedin for message replies
 Google Map
 Uber
 Credit card fraud detection
 Email spam filtering
 Sofia, the robot
Thank
You

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