Venturini Modulation Based Matrix Converter

Controlled Indution Motor Drive

gamar Basuki1 Dr. Ir. Era Purwanto, M.Eng.2 Lucky Pradigta SR, S.ST, MT.3
Department of Electrical Department of Electrical Department of Electrical
Engineering Engineering Engineering
Electronic Engineering Electronic Engineering Electronic Engineering
Polytechnic Institute of Surabaya Polytechnic Institute of Surabaya Polytechnic Institute of Surabaya
Surabaya, Indonesia Surabaya, Indonesia Surabaya, Indonesia
gamarelind@pe.student.pens.ac.id era@pens.ac.id lucky@pens.ac.id

Abtract- Induction motors are AC electric motors components and to produce current flow in both
are the most widely used. Induction motor speed directions.
control can be done with some type of converter. There are several conventional switching
However, not all types of converters can produce a techniques to the matrix converter that is often used,
great efficiency in terms of induction motor speed ie such as Direct Torque Control, Scalar techniques,
control. Matrix converter with fuzzy control type 2 pulse width modulation techniques. One modulation
may be a suitable option for the efficient speed technique most widely used in the matrix converter
control system with scalar control. Modulation is an algorithm Venturini. Venrutini algorithm
switching of matrix converter and fuzzy logic included in the scalar control techniques. In this
algorithm type 2 was designed by Venturini. algorithm, the amplitude of the output voltage is
Therefore in this study MATLAB Simulink limited to half of the amplitude of the input voltage.
simulations to test the use of fuzzy logic type 2 and However, this rate can be increased up to 0.866 by
modulation on matrix converter switching Venturini. adding a third harmonic of the input voltage and
Given this research is expected induction motor output voltage waveforms to the desired output.
speed regulation can be more efficient in its
application in the industrial world. II. Design of Matrix Converter
A. Fundamentals of Matrix Converter
Keywords - Motor Induction, matrix converter, Matrix converter is also a state that has a single
the algorithm Venturini converter arrangement of m by n bi-directional
switch which directly connects the input voltage
I. Introduction source phase-m to n-phase load. It is a single-state
Induction motor is an AC electric motor which converters, AC-AC converters directly without the
are widely used in industry. The use of induction need for energy storage element in the power side.
motors in the industrial world in use one of them in Image of matrix converter is shown in Figure 1.
terms of setting the speed and response to a change
in load. The induction motor speed control is
influenced by the variable input frequency.Torque
setting on an induction motor with low ripple and
transient response form and a good steady state is the
main criteria of the design of an efficient speed
control of an induction motor. The use of voltage
source inverter can also adjust the speed of the
induction motor, but requires a voltage source
inverter DC link components are quite large and the Picture 1. Three-phase to three-phase matrix converter
limits on the level of the output frequency. The use scheme
of the type of matrix converter can be a great choice This type of converter topology is
for this type converter is a converter AC / AC characterized by a switch matrix 9 (matrix [3x3]) in
capable beroporeasi in four quadrants, the input and Figure 1, such as three-phase input interconnected
output waveforms sinusoidal without DC link with a three-phase output through two-way power
switch, where the output is connected with 3-phase
load. This enables two-way power flow and possible 512 combinations switching. At any time t,
sinusoidal input current by directly connecting the only one switch Sij (i = a, b, c) which serves to avoid
input and output voltage system via a two-way short ciruit between the phases. At any time t, at least
two switches Sij (j = A, B, C) function to ensure a
switch. Each switch used in the matrix converter can
closed-loop load current. The switching frequency fs
be modeled by two diodes and two transistors, this 𝑤𝑠
= must have a value 20 times higher than the
allows reducing the amount of configuration of a 2𝜋
maximum fif0 (fs >> 20x Max (fif0)). During the
matrix converter itself.
period Ts, known as sequential period equal to 1 / fs,
In Figure 1 shows the matrix converter with the amount of time used to mengsintesis conduction
two-way switch, symbols Sij (i = a, b, c and j = A, B, phase of the same output must be equal to Ts. Now
C) is an ideal two-way switch. Where i indicates the the time TIJ called modulation time is defined as TIJ
index j indicates the output voltage and input voltage = mij. Tstij = mij. Ts.
index. Vi1, Vi2, and VI3 represent three input
voltage with a fixed frequency and fixed amplitude, B. Venturini Modulation of Matrix Converter
whereas I01, I02, and the i03 is the input current (AC In this method, for a set of three-phase input
current source). Topology 9 two-way switch on the voltage, a desired set of three-phase output voltage
matrix converter can be used at high frequencies, can be synthesized with piecewise sequential
while the main goal of this converter is an output sampling of the input waveform. The duration of
voltage 3 phase under variable magnitude and each sample is obtained mathematically to ensure
frequency to follow the characteristics of the desired that the average value of the actual output
output. waveforms in each cycle of the output waveform
The mathematical equations of input voltage vector trace sampling is necessary. This method is also used
in the show below: to control the three-phase input currents. Input and
𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜔𝑖 𝑡
2𝜋 output voltage vector is defined by the relationship
cos(𝜔𝑖 𝑡 − ) between them and written as,
|𝑉𝑖 | = 𝑉𝑖𝑚 3
4𝜋 𝑉𝑎 (𝑡) 𝑉𝐴 (𝑡)
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
[cos(𝜔𝑖 𝑡 − 3 )] 𝑉𝑖𝑛 = [𝑉𝑏 (𝑡)] 𝑉𝑜𝑢𝑡 = [𝑉𝐵 (𝑡)]
𝑉𝑐 (𝑡) 𝑉𝐶 (𝑡)
While the output voltage vector mathematic equation
is as follows: ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝑉𝑜𝑢𝑡 = 𝑀 ⃗⃗ . ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝑉𝑖𝑛
𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜔𝑜 𝑡
2𝜋 𝑉𝐴 (𝑡) 𝑚11 (𝑡) 𝑚12 (𝑡) 𝑚13 (𝑡) 𝑉𝑎 (𝑡)
cos(𝜔𝑜 𝑡 − ) [𝑉𝐵 (𝑡)] = [𝑚21 (𝑡) 𝑚22 (𝑡) 𝑚23 (𝑡)] [𝑉𝑏 (𝑡)]
|𝑉𝑜 | = 𝑉𝑜𝑚 3
4𝜋 𝑉𝐶 (𝑡) 𝑚31 (𝑡) 𝑚32 (𝑡) 𝑚33 (𝑡) 𝑉𝑐 (𝑡)
[cos(𝜔𝑜 𝑡 − 3 )]
The relationship between the output voltage and the DIMANA,
input voltage 𝑚11 (𝑡) 𝑚12 (𝑡) 𝑚13 (𝑡)
[𝑉𝑜 ] = [𝑀][𝑉𝑖 ] ⃗⃗ = [𝑚21 (𝑡) 𝑚22 (𝑡) 𝑚23 (𝑡)]
𝑀
While the relationship between the input current and 𝑚31 (𝑡) 𝑚32 (𝑡) 𝑚33 (𝑡)
output current as follows: is a transfer function matrix. Power input and power
[𝐼𝑖 ] = [𝑀]𝑇 [𝐼𝑜 ] output balanced (Pin = Pout), the following
Where [M] T is the transpose matrix of [M]. When relationship applies to the input current and output
the input current and the output current is connected current,𝑀⃗⃗
during the transition process, a two-way switch must 𝐼𝑎 (𝑡) 𝐼𝐴 (𝑡)
function according to the rules: ⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝐼𝑖𝑛 = [𝐼𝑏 (𝑡)] ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝐼𝑜𝑢𝑡 = [𝐼𝐵 (𝑡)]
1. Input short circuit should be avoided by not 𝑉𝑐 (𝑡) 𝐼𝐶 (𝑡)
connecting the input lines to the same output
line 𝐼𝑖𝑛 = ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
⃗⃗⃗⃗ 𝑀𝑇 . ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝐼𝑜𝑢𝑡
2. Output short circuit must be avoided by
connecting seidaknya one of the phase input to 𝐼𝑎 (𝑡) 𝑚11 (𝑡) 𝑚12 (𝑡) 𝑚13 (𝑡) 𝐼𝐴 (𝑡)
the output side. [𝐼𝑏 (𝑡)] = [𝑚21 (𝑡) 𝑚22 (𝑡) 𝑚23 (𝑡)] [𝐼𝐵 (𝑡)]
The function of each switch bdirectional transition as 𝑉𝑐 (𝑡) 𝑚31 (𝑡) 𝑚32 (𝑡) 𝑚33 (𝑡) 𝐼𝐶 (𝑡)
follows:
1, 𝑆𝑖𝑗 𝑐𝑙𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑑 Where,
𝑆𝑖𝑗 (𝑡) = { 𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒, 𝑖 ∈ {𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐}, 𝑗 ∈ {𝐴, 𝐵, 𝐶}}
0, 𝑆𝑖𝑗 𝑜𝑝𝑒𝑛 𝑚11 (𝑡) 𝑚12 (𝑡) 𝑚13 (𝑡)
The above equation can be expressed as: ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝑇
𝑀 = [ 21 (𝑡) 𝑚22 (𝑡) 𝑚23 (𝑡)]
𝑚
𝑆𝑎𝑗 + 𝑆𝑏𝑗 + 𝑆𝑐𝑗 = 1; 𝑗 ∈ {𝐴, 𝐵, 𝐶} 𝑚31 (𝑡) 𝑚32 (𝑡) 𝑚33 (𝑡)
With this -batasan limitation, a 3x3 matrix
converter switching conditions allow only 27 of the ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝑀𝑇 Is the transpose of the matrix
 Each entity of the transfer function matrix, mij maximum voltage transfer ratio provided to 0.5 as
(t) (i, j = 1,2,3), representing the function of each 𝑉
shown in Figure 2.3𝑞 = 𝑜𝑚
𝑉𝑖𝑚
switch duty cycle bidicrectional during the switching
period. Cycyle duty function is limited by the
constraints of existence,
0 ≤ 𝑚𝑖𝑗 (𝑡) ≤ (𝑖, 𝑗 = 1,2,3)
And restrictions are borne by the switch matrix
converter as follows,
3

∑ 𝑚𝑖𝑗 (𝑡) = 1(𝑖, 𝑗 = 1,2,3)

𝑗=1
The maximum voltage transfer ratio of input to
output voltage of 0.5 from Venturini method
approach. Then, this method further modified to
increase the maximum voltage transfer ratio
becomes 0.866.
Figure 2. Venturini modulation voltage transfer ratio of
The transfer function matrix composed of the
0.5
functions cycyle duty at 9 bi-directional switch. To
determine the source of the input voltage 3 phase,𝑀⃗⃗
𝑉𝑖𝑚 𝐶𝑜𝑠(𝜔𝑖 𝑡)
III.Model Simulation and Simulation Results
𝑉𝑎 (𝑡) 2𝜋
[𝑉𝑖 (𝑡)] = [𝑉𝑏 (𝑡)] = 𝑉𝑖𝑚 𝐶𝑜𝑠 (𝜔𝑖 𝑡 − 3 )
𝑉𝑐 (𝑡) 2𝜋
[𝑉𝑖𝑚 𝐶𝑜𝑠 (𝜔𝑖 𝑡 + 3 )]
Where Vim is the amplitude of the input voltage and
is the angle of the input frequency. The output
voltage is generated by value - average of piecewise
sampling forms input by the wave source 3 degan
switching sequence time duration Ts.𝜔𝑖
3-phase output voltage associated with the
input voltage source with transfer function matrix as Figure 3. Simulation Model of Matrix Converter
follows,
𝑉𝑜𝑚 𝐶𝑜𝑠(𝜔0 𝑡 + 𝜃0 ) The series of three-phase matrix converter simulated
𝑉𝐴 (𝑡) 2𝜋 using MATLAB Simulink. Venturini method is used
[𝑉𝑜 (𝑡)] = [𝑉𝐵 (𝑡)] = 𝑉𝑜𝑚 𝐶𝑜𝑠 (𝜔0 𝑡 + 𝜃0 − )
3 as a modulation technique for switching matrix
𝑉𝐶 (𝑡) 2𝜋 converter. Venturini method using the ratio of the
[𝑉𝑜𝑚 𝐶𝑜𝑠 (𝜔0 𝑡 + 𝜃0 + 3 )] output voltage and input teganagn as cycylenya duty
Where, calculation. MOSFETs used in this simulation was
𝑉𝐴 (𝑡) 𝑚11 (𝑡) 𝑚12 (𝑡) 𝑚13 (𝑡) 𝑉𝑎 (𝑡) made into a two-way switch. In Figure 3 above
[𝑉𝐵 (𝑡)] = [𝑚21 (𝑡) 𝑚22 (𝑡) 𝑚23 (𝑡)] [𝑉𝑏 (𝑡)] shows a simulation of a matrix converter circuit by
𝑉𝐶 (𝑡) 𝑚31 (𝑡) 𝑚32 (𝑡) 𝑚33 (𝑡) 𝑉𝑐 (𝑡) using Venturini. The parameter values for the above
From the completion of the above equation, the system simulation is shown as below:
following mathematical equation
The input voltage line to neutral, Vi = 220 V, input
𝑇1 1 2 frequency fi = 50 Hz, output filter L = 1 H and C = 1
𝑚1 (𝑡) = = + 𝑞 𝐶𝑜𝑠 (𝜔0 − 𝜔𝑖 )𝑡 farad, the switching frequency fs = 2 KHz, 3-phase
𝑇𝑆 3 3
𝑇2 1 2 2𝜋 induction motor load of 10 KW.
𝑚2 (𝑡) = = + 𝑞 𝐶𝑜𝑠 (𝜔0 − 𝜔𝑖 )𝑡 −
𝑇𝑆 3 3 3
𝑇3 1 2 2𝜋
𝑚3 (𝑡) = = + 𝑞 𝐶𝑜𝑠 (𝜔0 − 𝜔𝑖 )𝑡 +
𝑇𝑆 3 3 3

Where Q is the ratio of the voltage transfer. This

modulation function is used to control the switching
matrix converter to obtain a sinusoidal input and
output sinusoidal currents. To generate a voltage
waveform output with a variable output frequency,
the desired output voltage must be entirely contained
within a continuous cycle established by the input
voltage. Clear that this restriction limits the
Figure 4. The output voltage 3 phase (simulation
results)
From the simulation results in Figure 4 show
that the output waveforms 311.7 volts with a time
interval of 0.1 ms. The waveform generated

Figure 5. 3-phase output current (simulation results)

Figure 6. 3-phase induction motor speed