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Lecture34 - Material and Heat Balance in Converting

This document provides information to solve multiple heat and material balance problems for a copper converter. It includes thermodynamic data like heat of formation, specific heats, and melting points needed to calculate heat inputs and outputs. Example problems are worked through showing the steps to determine (a) weight of coating produced and flux/slag made, (b) weight and copper recovery of blister copper, (c) blowing times, and (d) volume and composition of gases.

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Roger Rumbu
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149 views5 pages

Lecture34 - Material and Heat Balance in Converting

This document provides information to solve multiple heat and material balance problems for a copper converter. It includes thermodynamic data like heat of formation, specific heats, and melting points needed to calculate heat inputs and outputs. Example problems are worked through showing the steps to determine (a) weight of coating produced and flux/slag made, (b) weight and copper recovery of blister copper, (c) blowing times, and (d) volume and composition of gases.

Uploaded by

Roger Rumbu
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Material and heat balance in converting

By solving we get.

Copper balance gives weight of blister

Slag forming stage is in two stages. One has to calculate moles of oxygen for first stage and
second stage. The reactions are

Do yourself-1

A copper converter treats per charge 10 tons of matte. Blast is furnished at the rate at of
. per minute. Before adding flux a preliminary blow of 9 min is given to produce a
magnetite coating, which analyzes as and unoxidized constituents
. Assume that this is entirely corroded by the . The flux carries
.

The blister copper is . The converter gases carry no free oxygen.


Required:

a) The weight of magnetite coating produced, flux required and slag made.

b) The weight of blister copper, and the % of copper recovery

c) The blowing time of each stage.

d) The volume and % composition of the converter gases.

Answer

a) Weight of coating: 1184 kg. weight of flux and slag 1998.8kg and 6496kg

b) 3788kg, recovery

c) Slag formation stage; 87.35 minutes and blister 32 minute.

d) Coating stage;

Slag formation stage;

Blister

Illustration –Heat balance

A copper converter is charged with 40 tons of matte whole copper grade is . The flux is
. The slag analyses in
flux not as , the blister copper contains

The matte is charged at 1323K, the flux at 298K, and the blast is at 400K. The bath temperature
is 1400K. The slag and gases discharge at 1400K.

Specific heat of matte independent of composition; melting point of matte


1273K; Heat content of liquid matte at melting point

Melting point of slag 1393K and specific heat ; Heat content of liquid slag at
melting point . Heat of formation of the slag is 376 kcal per kg of .

In the blister copper formation, bath temperature is 1500K, Heat content of is at


1500K.gases discharge at 1500K.Gases discharge at 1400K.
Required: A heat balance of the converter at the end of the slagging period and at the end of the
blow

Solution

First we have to perform materials balance:

Some problems on materials balance have already been illustrated. Results of material balance
are:

Input (slag making stage) Output


Matte: 40,000kg Slag 22600kg
Gases SO2=209.65 kg moles
Flux: 10500 kg
N2=1193kg moles
Air : N2 1193 kg moles
O2 317 kg moles

Thermo- chemical data:

Heat of reaction

Sensible heat at the respective temperatures in kcal/kg mole is

.
Heat input

Heat input

Heat output:

Heat balance in blister copper stage.

Materials balance

Input:

Output:

and

Data

Heat of reaction of Cu2S + O2 = 2Cu + SO2

Heat input

Sensible heat in Cu2S = 4.5×106 kcal


Heat reaction = 8.2×106 kcal

Heat out put

Sensible heat = 7×106 kcal

Sensible heat in blister Cu = 3.55×106 kcal

Regferences:

1) Rosenquist : Principles of extractive metallurgy

2) Butts, Allison: Metallurgical Problems, McGraw Hill Book Company, 1943

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