4 Designation: A 108/A 105M - 96 Standard Specification for see sel sete Carbon Steel Forgings for Piping Applications’ “This sandard i ved eat of eign acoption of ithe ease of vis he Fed Ssignation A 105/A 105M; te member immedi falling the decgnation nde he he year of lat cision. A numer io aurenthees indies the yea of lst ‘apovonal A suyenarpr ep dae am er change sce the fs reauon OF eAppone his anord hasbeen aporoed Sor use by agente ef the Deparment of Deeace Conta 18 DoD Index of Spretioaens ant ‘Stondovt forthe pic Sor ue heh Nar on apt y the Doparionnt of Delonte 1. Scope 1.1 This specification? covers forged carbon steel piping components for ambient- and higher-temperature service in pressure systems, Included are flanges, fittings, valves, and similar parts ordered either to dimensions specified by the purchaser or to dimensional standards such as the ANSI and API specifications referenced in Section 2. Forgings made to this specification are limited to a maximum weight of 10 000 tb [4540 ke]. Larger forgings may be orlered to Specification A266. Tubesheets and hollow cylindrical forgings for pressure vessel shells are not included within the scope of this specification, Although this specification covers some piping components machined trom rolled bar and seamless tubular products, (see 4.4) it does not cover raw ‘material produced in these product forms. “12 Supplementary requirements are provided for use ‘when additional testing or inspection is desired. These shall apply only when specified individually by the purchaser in the order, 1.3 Specification A 266/A 266M. covers other steel forgings and Specifications A 675, A 695, and A696 cover other stee! bars. 14 ‘This specification is expressed in both inch-pound units and SI units. However, unless the order specifies the applicable “M" specification designation (SI units), the material shall be furnished to inch-pound units, 1.5 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be ‘used independently of the other. Combining values from the ‘wo systems may result in nonconformance with the specifi- cation Note 1—The dimensioniess designator NPS (nominal pipe sie) has ‘been subsututed in this standard for such traditional teens ab “nomial sliamete,” “sie,” and “nominal size.” “This sean 1s under be jursicion of ASTM Comanivee A-1 0a Stee, Staines See, an Related Alloys and the ioe reponutally of Suboom iter AOL.22 om Vales Fins, Boing. and Fangs for Hips Sub- mosphere Temperature ‘Curent eon approved March 10, 1996. Published May 1986, Originally publbed ar A 105 207. Lat previous edition A IOSIA OSA 950. 2 For ASME Boict and Pesure Veuel Code applies set aed Spec ‘cation SA:108 in Seton I of hat Code 2. Referenced Documents 2.1 ASTM Standards: ‘A 266/A 266M Specification for Forgings, Carbon Steel for Pressure Vessel Components? A27S/A 275M Test Method for Magnetic Panicte Exam- ination of Steel Foreings? A370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Stee! Products™* A675 Specification for Steel Bars, Carbon, Hot Wrought, Special Quality, Mechanical Propertics* ‘A 695 Specification for Steel Bars, Carbon, Hot-Wrousht, Special Quality, for Fluid Power Applications* A 696 Specification for Steel Bars, Carbon, Hot-Wrought cof Cold-Finished, Special Quality, for Pressure Piping Components? ATSI Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology for Chemical Analysis of Stes! Products'4* ‘A788 Specification for Steel Forgings, General Re- quirements E 165 Practice for Liquid Penetcant Inspection Metbod® E340 Test Method for Macroetching Metals and Alloys? 22 MSS Standards: SP-25 Standard Marking System for Valves, Fitings, Flanges and Unions* P44 Standard for Stee! Pipe Line Flanges* 2.3 ASME Standard: Section IX, Welding Qualifications, ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code? 2.4 ANST Standards: BI6.5 Dimensional Standards for Steel Pipe Flanges and. Flanged Fittings B16.9 Wrought Steel Buttwelding Fittings B16.10 Face-to-Face and End-to-End Dimensions of Fer~ rous Valves BI6.11 Forged Steel Fittings, Socket Weld, and Threaced B16.34 Valves-Flanged, Threaded and Welding End 2S API Standards. 2 anne! Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.08 “Annual Book ef AST Standards, Vo 1 5 anal Bok of ASTM Standards, Vel 01.03, “+ Anuol Book of ASTM Standards, Vat 03.03. 2 mel Book of ASTM Standards, Vet 0301 * avaiable from Maoufacurey” Sodardzaton Sesiay of the Vabe and Figs Inds, 1815 N. Fart Mer Drive, Ahagion, VA 22208, " Availe fom American Society of Mechanica Enger, 43 4709S ew York, NY 10017 "e Avaie from American Nations! Standard Insitute 1} West 42nd S. | 1h Foor, New Yorks NY 10038,fb A 105/A 105m 1-600 Hanged and Bur Welding-End Steel Gate F002 Compact Design Carbon Steet Gate Valves for Refinery Use!” J 8 AWS Standard: AS AS.1 Mild Steel Covered Are-Welding Electrodes!? 3. Ordering taformation 3.1 Its the purchaser's responsibility to specify in the purchase order all ordering information as necessary 10 purchase the needed material. Examples of such information include but are not limited to the following: 31-1 Quantity, 3.1.2 Size and pressure class or dimensions (Tolerances and surface finishes should be included), 3.1.3 Specification number (The year date should be included), 3.1.4 Supplementary requirements, and 3.1.5 Additional requirements (See Table | footnotes, 121 and 16.2) 4 jaterials and Manufacture 4.1 The steel shall be made by the open-hearth, basic~ oxygen, oF electric-furnace process and shall be fully ‘killed 42 A sullicient discard shall be made from source mate- rial to secure freedom from injurious piping and undue segregation. 4.3 The material shall be forged as close as practicable to the specified shape and size. 44 Except for flanges of all types, hollow cylindrically shaped parts may be machined from hot-rolled bar, forged bar, or seamless tubular materials provided that the axial length of the part is approximately parallel to the metal flow lines of the stock. Other parts (up to and including NPS 4) not including flanges may be machined from hot-rolled or forged bar. Elbows, return bends, tees, and header tees shall not be machined directly from bar stock 4.5 Except as permitted by 4.4, the finished product shall be a forging as defined in the Terminology Section of Specification A 788, 8. Heat Treatment 5.1 Heat Treatment is not mandatory requirement of this specification except for the following piping compo- nents 5.1.1 Flanges above Class 300,!° 5.1.2 Flanges of special design where the design pressure at the design temperature exceeds the pressure-temperature ratings of Class 300, Group {1 5.1.3 Flanges of special design where the design pressure or design cemperature are not known, 5.1.4 Piping components other than flanges which meet both of the following criteria: (1) over NPS 4 and (2) above Class 300, and © wala fom Americ Petru faut, 2108 LSt NW, Washington, be mee ‘EAvalabie fom Americ Weng Sci 351040, Mam, FL 33135 "For dtnen a Clas 300, soe ANSE 6.8 580 Lelune Ra, P.O. Box 5.1.5 Piping components of Special Cluss* other thew flanges which mect both of the following esitena’ (1) osc NPS 4 und (2) when the working pressure at the operating ‘temperature exceeds the tabulated values for Special Cliss 300, Group 1.1 5.2 Heat treatment when required by 5.1 shall be an- nealing, normalizing, or normalizing and tempering or quenching and tempering. 5.2.1. Annealing —The procedure for annealing shall con- sist of allowing the forgings immediately after forging or rolling, to cool to a temperature below 1000*F {538°C} Thes shall then be reheated toa temperature between 1550°F [843°C} and {700°F [927°C] to refine the grain (a group thus reheated being known as an “annealing charge") and allowed {0 cool uniformly in the furnace, 5.22 Normalizing—The procedure for normalizing shall consist of allowing the forgings, immediately after forging ot rolling, to cool to a temperature below 1000°F [538°C]. They shall then be uniformly reheated to a temperature beween 1550°F [843°C] and 1700°F {927°C] to refine the grain (a group thus reheated being known as “normalizing charge" and allowed to cool in air 5.2.3 Tempering—The procedure for tempering shall sist of heating the forgings to a temperature between 1100 {593°C} and the lower transformation temperature for a inimum of V9 ivin, (M4 4Y25.4 mm] of maximum section thickness 5.24 Quenchinig—The procedure for quenching. shall consist of either (1) fully austenitizing the forgings followed, by quenching in a suitable liquid medium or (2) using 2 multiple stage procedure whereby the forging is frst fully austenitized and rapidly cooled, then reheated to partially reaustenitize, followed ‘by quenching in a suitable liquid medium, All quenched forgings shall be tempered as pre scribed in 5.233. 6. Chemical Composition 6.1 The steel shall conform to the chemical requitements, specified in Table 1. Test Methods, Practices and Term: nology A751 shall apply, 6.2 Steels to which lead has been added shall not be used, 7. Cast or Heat (Formerly Ladle) Analysis 7.1. An analysis of each heat of steel shall be made from samples taken. preferably during the pouring of the heat, and the results shall conform with Table 1 8, Product Analysis 8.1 The purchaser may make a product analysis on forgings supplied to this specification. Samples for analysis may be taken from midway between center and surface of solid forgings, midway between inner and outer surfaces of hollow forgings, midway between cemter and surface of fullsize prolongations, or from broken mechanical test specimens. The chemical composition thus determined shall “For deintion of opel lat, see ANSI BGGh) A 105/A 105M TABLE 1 Chemical Requirements Nore—For gach raducion of 0.01 & below the spected carbon maximum (0353), an nese of 0.08% marpanere awe the Spec Mar (08 3) ‘lee ported upto 8 macmum ot 138, lent orposiion © Carton 095 max Nanganese 60-105 Presphoas 2.088 max Suu 2040 max Seon 310-035 Copper Badia ewer 9.40 max Noyeoenim Ose manne Varadken 2.06 max Cotarbien 208 max 2 The com oF eopper, rickol Gromium aed molyoderum eral nol exceed 100%. 2 The sum of eteamim ans modem sha Nt wxcaRs 032 conform to Table 1 within the tolerances stated in Table 2 9. Mechanical Properties 9.5 ‘The material shall conform to the mechanical prop. erty requirements prescribed in Tables 3 and 4. 9.2 For the purpose of determining conformance with Tables 3 and 4, specimens shall be obtained from production formings after heat treatment, when heat treatment is re ‘quied, or from separately forged test blanks prepared from the stock used to make the finished product, Such test blanks shall receive approximately the same working as the finished product. The test blanks shall be heat treated with the finished product 9.3 For normalized, normalized and tempered, oF quenched and tempered forgings, the central axis of the test specimen shall correspond to the 1/4 T plane or deeper position, where T is the maximum heat-treated thickness of the represented forging. In addition, for quenched andtempered forgings, the midiength of the test specimen shall be at least T from any second heat-treated surface. ‘When section thickness does not permit this positioning, the test specimen shall be positioned as near as possible 10 the prescribed location. 94 Tension Tests 9.4.1 One tension test shall be made for each heat of as forged components. 9.4.2 One tension test shall be made from each heat treating charge. If more than one heat is included in such a ‘charge, each heat shall be tested. 9.4.2.1 When the heat-treating temperatures are the same and the furnaces (either batch or continuous type), are controlled within 25°F [#14°C] and equipped with re- cording pyrometers so that complete records of heat treat- ment are available, then one tension test from each heat is required instead of one test from each heat in each heat treatment charge. The test specimen material shall be in- cluded with a furnace charge. 9.4.3 Testing shall be performed in accordance with Test, Methods and Definitions A 370. The largest feasible round specimen as described in Test Methods and Definitions A370 shall be used except when hollow cylindrically shaped parts are machined from seamless tubulars. The gage length for measuring elongation shall be four times the diameter of the test section. When hollow cylindrically shaped parts are machined from seamless tubular materials strip teste may be used. 9.4.4 Forgings too small to permit obtaining a subsize specimen of 0.250 in. {6.35 mm] diameter or larger (see Test ‘Methods and Definitions A 370) parallel to the dimension of maximum working, and produced in equipment unsuitable for the production of a separately forged test bar such as an automatic or semi-automatic press, may be accepted on the basis of hardness only. One percent of the forgings per lot (see Note 2), or ten forgings, whichever is the lesser number, shall be selected at random. prepared, and tested using the standard Brinell test in Test Methods and Definitions A 370, ‘The locations of the indentations shall be at the option of the manufacturer but shall be selected to be representative of the forging as a whole. One indentation per forging shall be required but additional indentations may be made to estab- lish the representative hardiness. The hardness of all forgings so tested shall be 137 to 187 HB inclusive, TABLE 2 Permissible Variations in Product Analyste Nore—Produc rost-sectonal a it defned os eter: (@)mexnum cosssecona aes trop Macined lrgng (schadag bork (@)mnancrn cre ectonal are of he iracines fgg, (@)rmecmum eons sactons are ef he bl, Door oF Sab, ‘sa than argh angi to te an oe engasl get or Diet errs Vara ove ha Masur Unio Dado tha neni Liat ite ‘Over 200 to ‘Over 400 to Over 6009 Teeey aoons[i250 ang (2580 000 /S1E0 Owe 16001n# U2 102560 ont, 19 5160 ont, to 10320 en") 110329 en") Unser ne ine he 7 ‘08 oe 004 008 0.08 oo 008 06 oor 008 908 0.00 2.008 oa10 9010 oor oots 9010 oor e010 oor 01s 803 oot oe 5 08 003 003 603 603 003 fice 203 003 003 003 203 Gera 04 coe 8 04 Oot espana oot Gor aor oor oot Yanan oot oon oor oot bat alors oot bon ry 001 Bot