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Random Sampling Is The Purest Form of Probability Sampling

The document discusses different sampling methods used in research: - Random sampling aims to select a truly representative sample by giving all population members an equal chance of selection. Systematic sampling is often used instead as it is simpler but can be as accurate if the population list is not ordered in any hidden way. - Stratified sampling divides the population into relevant subgroups or strata first and then randomly samples from each strata to reduce sampling error. It is useful when some subgroups are less common than others. - Nonprobability methods like convenience and snowball sampling are used for preliminary exploratory research when cost and time are concerns, but they introduce bias compared to probability methods. Quota sampling sets quotas for subgroups like stratified sampling but fills

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60 views2 pages

Random Sampling Is The Purest Form of Probability Sampling

The document discusses different sampling methods used in research: - Random sampling aims to select a truly representative sample by giving all population members an equal chance of selection. Systematic sampling is often used instead as it is simpler but can be as accurate if the population list is not ordered in any hidden way. - Stratified sampling divides the population into relevant subgroups or strata first and then randomly samples from each strata to reduce sampling error. It is useful when some subgroups are less common than others. - Nonprobability methods like convenience and snowball sampling are used for preliminary exploratory research when cost and time are concerns, but they introduce bias compared to probability methods. Quota sampling sets quotas for subgroups like stratified sampling but fills

Uploaded by

srivatsatj
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Random sampling is the purest form of probability sampling.

Each member of the population has an equal and known


chance of being selected. When there are very large
populations, it is often difficult or impossible to identify every
member of the population, so the pool of available subjects
becomes biased.

Systematic sampling is often used instead of random sampling.


It is also called an Nth name selection technique. After the
required sample size has been calculated, every Nth record is
selected from a list of population members. As long as the list
does not contain any hidden order, this sampling method is as
good as the random sampling method. Its only advantage over
the random sampling technique is simplicity. Systematic
sampling is frequently used to select a specified number of
records from a computer file.

Stratified sampling is commonly used probability method that


is superior to random sampling because it reduces sampling
error. A stratum is a subset of the population that share at least
one common characteristic. Examples of stratums might be
males and females, or managers and non-managers. The
researcher first identifies the relevant stratums and their actual
representation in the population. Random sampling is then
used to select a sufficient number of subjects from each
stratum. "Sufficient" refers to a sample size large enough for us
to be reasonably confident that the stratum represents the
population. Stratified sampling is often used when one or more
of the stratums in the population have a low incidence relative
to the other stratums.
Convenience sampling is used in exploratory research where the researcher is
interested in getting an inexpensive approximation of the truth. As the name
implies, the sample is selected because they are convenient. This nonprobability
method is often used during preliminary research efforts to get a gross estimate
of the results, without incurring the cost or time required to select a random
sample.

Quota sampling is the nonprobability equivalent of stratified sampling. Like


stratified sampling, the researcher first identifies the stratums and their
proportions as they are represented in the population. Then convenience or
judgment sampling is used to select the required number of subjects from each
stratum. This differs from stratified sampling, where the stratums are filled by
random sampling.

Snowball sampling is a special nonprobability method used when the desired


sample characteristic is rare. It may be extremely difficult or cost prohibitive to
locate respondents in these situations. Snowball sampling relies on referrals from
initial subjects to generate additional subjects. While this technique can
dramatically lower search costs, it comes at the expense of introducing bias
because the technique itself reduces the likelihood that the sample will represent
a good cross section from the population.

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