Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Inventive Systems and Control (ICISC 2018)

IEEE Xplore Compliant - Part Number:CFP18J06-ART, ISBN:978-1-5386-0807-4; DVD Part Number:CFP18J06DVD, ISBN:978-1-5386-0806-7

A Novel Approach to Provide Protection for

Women by using Smart Security Device
1.Kalpana seelam 2. K.Prasanti
Asst.Prof. Asst.Prof.
Department of EIE Department of EIE
V. R.Siddhartha Engineering College V.R. Siddhartha Engineering College
kalpanaseelam@gmail.com Prasntki7@gmail.com

Abstract— In today’s world women are less secure and have parent of that child has to send the message to the child's
many issues regarding their security purpose. They have to system to know their location.
undergo among various difficult situations and have to prove In "Mobile Tracking Application for Locating
themselves every time in all critical conditions. So, for their Friends”, a tracking application software must be installed in
security and safety purpose government has provided security the mobile phone and the friends must be previously
through rules and regulation to the society. Although there are registered in the friends group of application [2]. To track
many existing systems for security purpose need of advanced smart their friends mobile phones are needed in both sides.
security system is increased. In order to overcome such problems In an Intelligent System based on RFID and GPS
smart security system for women is implemented. Technologies for Women Safety[3] has some limitations in
This paper describes about safe and secured electronic terms of cost, signal interferences and also the information
system for women which comprises of an Arduino controller and access to invalid and unauthenticated users.
sensors such as temperature LM35, flex sensor, MEMS The main drawback of these applications and
accelerometer, pulse rate sensor, sound sensor. A buzzer, LCD, services is that the initial action has to be triggered by the
GSM and GPS are used in this project. When the women is in victim [4] which often in situation like these doesn’t happen.
threat, the device senses the body parameters like heartbeat rate, So the emphasis is to build a solution that works
change in temperature, the movement of victim by flex sensor, autonomously in situations encountered.
MEMS accelerometer and the voice of the victim is sensed by This paper presents new method to provide
sound sensor. When the sensor crosses the threshold limit the protection for women or children by ringing the buzzer and
device gets activated and traces the location of the victim using the send the location to the nearby police station where the victim
GPS module. By using the GSM module the victim’s location is is present.
sent to the registered contact number. III. PROPOSED SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE
Keywords- Women safety, An Arduinocontrollers, Flex
sensor, MEMS accelerometer, GPS module, GSM module. The architecture of proposed system as shown in Fig
1 consists of Arduino controller [5].as a main source and it
I.INTRODUCTION receives input signals from the sensors, where thereby the
Safety is the most wanted power for everyone in sensors receives the input signals from a human who is in
today’s world. Technology is the best way to achieve it. threat or in danger or in abnormal situations.
That’s the reason to develop this project that can act as a
rescue device and protect at the time of danger. The
motivation behind this project is an attempt to focus on a
security system that is designed merely to serve the purpose of
providing security to women so that they never feel helpless
while facing such social challenges. An advanced system can
be built that can detect the location and health condition of
person that will enable us to take action accordingly based on
electronic gadgets like GPS receiver, GSM, pulse rate sensor,
flex sensor, MEMS accelerometer, body temperature sensor.
We can make use of number of sensors to precisely detect the
real time situation of the women in critical abusive situations.
The heartbeat of a person in such situations is normally higher
which helps make decisions to detect the abnormal motion of
the women while she is victimized.
II. EXISTING SYSTEMS
In Women and children based security system [1]
victim has to press the emergency button, but in emergency
Fig: 1. Architecture of the Proposed System
conditions pressing the button is may not be possible. Using
Smart Phone”, the child cannot send its location by itself. The
978-1-5386-0807-4/18/$31.00 ©2018 IEEE 351
 Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Inventive Systems and Control (ICISC 2018)
IEEE Xplore Compliant - Part Number:CFP18J06-ART, ISBN:978-1-5386-0807-4; DVD Part Number:CFP18J06DVD, ISBN:978-1-5386-0806-7

The sensors described in the architecture are temperature determine the output of the project. The main components of
LM35 sensor, MEMS accelerometer, heartbeat sensor, flex this project i.e. GSM and GPS are connected to Arduino.
sensor, sound sensor. To display the body parameters[6] of Hence in this proposed system the Arduino is completely used
the women(victim)in a dangerous situation an output is used in for implementation of the security system.
this project LCD 16*2display is used, also buzzer is used and
GSM is used to send the alert message to the registered contact
2. Buzzer: Now-a-days, it is more popular to use a ceramic-
number where as GPS is used to track the location of that
person(women). based piezo-electric sounder like a Sonalert which makes a
high-pitched tone. Usually these were hooked up to driver”
IV WORKING PRINCIPLE
The principle behind this is to detect body parameter circuits which varied the pitch of the sound or pulsed the
signals from the respective sensors which are in contact with sound on and off.
the women who are in threat condition and hence after 3. GPS Module: Global positioning system (GPS) as shown
detecting signals, the sensor transmits the output electrical below in Fig 2 is a navigation and precise positioning tool,
signals to the controller. The Arduino receives the signal from which tracks the location in the form of longitude and
the sensor as an analog input signal and hence it generates the latitude based on Earth by calculating the time difference
output parameters of each sensor and displays it on the LCD for signals from various satellites to reach the receiver [8].
display.
The sensors used in the proposed system are flex sensor,
temperature sensor, MEMS accelerometer, sound sensor, pulse
rate sensor. Each sensor is used to detect signals [7] of human
(women) who is in abnormal situations. If values of any sensor
signal crosses the threshold limit indicating that the women is
in threat and according to victim condition, when 4 sensors out
of 5 sensors crosses the threshold limit the buzzer is activated.
Hence the GPS transmits the location to the Arduino and
then the Arduino transmits the signal to the GSM. Finally the
alert message “I am in danger” along with the latitudinal and Fig 2. GPS Module
longitudinal location is send to the registered contact number. In six different orbits approximately 12500miles
Thus activation of sensor and buzzer traces the location of above the earth, 24 MEO (Medium-Earth Orbit) satellites
victim using GPS and with the help of GSM 800L used sends revolve around the earth 24 hours and transmit location
the message of location to the corresponding contacts with a every second. It receives the data of location and transmits
10secs delay. it to the Arduino. The Arduino thereby receives the signal
from GPS and hence it performs further operations
V. HARDWARE DESCRIPTION 4. GSM Module: Global System for Mobile communication
1. Arduino: The Arduino Uno is a microcontroller board based (GSM) SIM card is inserted inside the mobile device to
send and receive the messages using GPRS. The GSM SIM
on the ATmega328. It has 14 digital input/output pins (of
card number is registered with the system.GSM is used to
which 6 can be used as PWM outputs), 6 analog inputs, a 16 send data from control unit to base unit .We can use GSM
MHz ceramic resonator, a USB connection, a power jack, an 800A which operates at frequency 900MHz. It has up link
ICSP header, and a reset button. It contains everything needed band of 890MHz to 915MHz and down link Band of
935MHz to 960 MHz GSM takes advantages of both
to support the microcontroller; simply connect it to a computer FDMA & TDMA. In 25MHz BW, 124 carriers are
with a USB cable or power it with a AC-to-DC adapter or generated with channel spacing of 200 KHz (FDMA). Each
battery to get started. carrier is split into 8 time slots (TDMA) [9]. At any given
instance of time 992 speech channels are made available in
Sensors Interfacing To Arduino: The Arduino comprises of
GSM 800L .
28pins, where there 20 I/O pins. There are 14digital pins and
4. Temperature Sensor:
6analog pins. Here in this system all the respective sensors are
We can measure the body temperature using
connected to the analog pins of Arduino. The analog pins AO,
various temperature sensors. For instance, LM35 which has
A1, A2, A3, A4, A5 from Port B of Arduino are used for
series of precision integrated circuit sensors whose output
interfacing with the sensors. The digital pins (2, 3, 4, 5,
voltage is linearly proportional to the Celsius temperature.
7,6,7,8) Port C of Arduino are used here to connect to the data
It operates linearly +/- 10.0mV/°C scale factor with 0.5°C
lines of respective LCD display. The power supply of 5v is
accuracy. In emergency cases body temperature [10] varies
supplied to the Arduino through the USB cable. The output pin
drastically which can trigger module for rescue.
of Arduino i.e., 13th pin is connected to the buzzer to

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 Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Inventive Systems and Control (ICISC 2018)
IEEE Xplore Compliant - Part Number:CFP18J06-ART, ISBN:978-1-5386-0807-4; DVD Part Number:CFP18J06DVD, ISBN:978-1-5386-0806-7

5. Flex Sensor: Resistive flex sensors as shown in Fig.3 can

be used to measure bending or flexing with relatively little
effort. Their lightness, compactness, robustness,
measurement effectiveness and low power consumption
make the sensors useful form ani-fold applications in
diverse fields In relation to the human body, we consider
the utilization of resistive flex sensors for the measurement
of physical activity [11] and for the development of
interaction/interfaced vices driven by human gestures. Fig.4. Pulse Rate Sensor

This module can be used for security, switch, and

monitoring applications. Its accuracy can be easily adjusted for
the convenience of usage. It uses a microphone which supplies
the input to an amplifier, peak detector and buffer. When the
sensor detects a sound, it processes an output signal voltage
which is sent to a microcontroller then performs necessary
processing

Fig.3. Flex Sensor

6. Mems Accelerometer: An accelerometer shown in fig 4.8 is
an electromechanical device that is used to measure
acceleration and the force producing it. Many types of
accelerometers are available in the market today .Due to its
small size and robust sensing feature, they are further
developed to obtain multi-axis sensing
One of the most commonly used MEMS
accelerometer is the capacitive type. The capacitive MEMS
accelerometer is famous for its high sensitivity and its
accuracy at high temperatures. The device does not change
values depending on the base materials used and depends
only on the capacitive value that occurs due to the change in Fig.5. Sound Sensor
distance between the plates. If two plates are kept parallel to
each other and are separated by a distance ‘d’, and if ‘E’ is VI. ARDUINO SOFTWARE
the permittivity of the separating material, then capacitance
produced can be written as Integrated Development Environment (Ide):
C0= ϵ0. ϵ A/d = ϵ A/d Here the Arduino IDE is used on computer (picture
A change in the values of ϵ, A or d will help in following) to create, open, and change sketches (Arduino
calls programs as “sketches”) .The Mega 2560 board can be
finding the change in capacitance and thus helps in the
programmed with the Arduino Software (IDE)[13]. The
working of the MEMS transducer. Accelerometer values ATmega2560 on the Mega 2560 comes pre-programmed with
mainly depend on the change of values of d or A. a boot loader that allows you to upload new code to it without
7.Pulse Rate Sensor: The Pulse Sensor has shown in Fig 4 is the use of an external hardware programmer. It communicates
a plug-and-play heart-rate sensor for Arduino. It can be used using the original STK500 protocol (reference, C header
by students, artists, athletes, makers, and game & mobile files). You can also bypass the boot loader and program the
microcontroller through the ICSP (In-Circuit Serial
developers who want to easily incorporate live heart-rate data
Programming) header using Arduino ISP . The ATmega16U2
into their projects [8].It essentially combines a simple optical (or 8U2 in the rev1 and rev2 boards) firmware source code is
heart rate sensor with amplification and noise cancellation available in the Arduino repository.
circuitry making it fast and easy to get reliable pulse readings. .
Also, it sips power with just 4mA current draw at 5V so it’s The Arduino Software (IDE) uses this capability to
great for mobile applications. allow you to upload code by simply pressing the upload
Simply clip the Pulse Sensor to your earlobe or button in the Arduino environment. This means that the
bootloader can have a shorter timeout, as the lowering of
fingertip and plug it into your 3 or 5 Volt Arduino and you’re
DTR can be well-coordinated with the start of the upload.
ready to read heart rate. This setup has other implications. When the Mega 2560 board
8. Sound Sensor: The sound sensor module shown in Fig 5 is connected to either a computer running Mac OS X or
provides an easy way to detect sound and is generally used Linux, it resets each time a connection is made to it from
for detecting sound intensity[12]. software (via USB).

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 Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Inventive Systems and Control (ICISC 2018)
IEEE Xplore Compliant - Part Number:CFP18J06-ART, ISBN:978-1-5386-0807-4; DVD Part Number:CFP18J06DVD, ISBN:978-1-5386-0806-7

VII. IMPLEMENTATION OF PROPOSED b. Voice Detection Of Victim

SYSTEM The women is in any abnormal situation or dangerous
condition then she can protect herself by shouting loudly or
In below Fig.6 shows flow chart of the implementation of screaming for help and hence the sound sensor detects the
the proposed system. signal and if the sound generated by the women proceeds the
threshold value then the sensor feds the analog output to the
Arduino as input signal.

Fig.8. Detection of Voice

So considering the reference threshold (25-
40decibles) value here in this project the maximum sound
produced greater than this reference value activates the sensor
and the sensor detects the analog signal and the sensor output
is fed to the Arduino A3 pin as input and hence the Arduino
generates output signal (as a digital value )which is displayed
on the LCD display.
b. Flex Motion Detection Of Victim
The sensor is placed on the hand to detect the resistive
Fig 6. Flow Chart of Proposed System change in that particular placement of the sensor as shown in
a) Body Temperature Detection Of Victim below Fig 8 It depends on the change in resistance where the
When a woman is in abnormal situation then the change in resistance is caused due to sudden bend of the body
temperature of that person is sensed and this output from the or hand or due to other reason. So, this allows the sensor to
sensor is fed to the A0 pin of the Arduino as analog input sense and detect the abnormal value and hence the output is
signal. Hence the sensors detects the abnormal condition of detected in the display of LCD
that women as change in temperature is detected and the
respective voltage value is the output signal and hence the
output temperature value of that women (whether it is low or
high)is displayed on the respective LCD display as shown in
below Fig 7.

Fig.9. Detection of Movement

c. To Detect The Sudden Fall Of Victim

The MEMS accelerometer sensor is connected to the
Fig.7. Detection of body temperature A4,A5 analog pins of the controller. The X coordinates of

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 Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Inventive Systems and Control (ICISC 2018)
IEEE Xplore Compliant - Part Number:CFP18J06-ART, ISBN:978-1-5386-0807-4; DVD Part Number:CFP18J06DVD, ISBN:978-1-5386-0806-7

MEMS is connected to the A5 pin whereas the Y rate sensor here detects the threshold vale and hence the
coordinate is connected to the A4 pin of controller as sensor senses the heart rate .If the heart rate is more than
shown in Fig.10 The MEMS accelerometer is used for threshold value i.e. normal beats of human (72beats/min)
fall detection purpose in many projects. then it indicates the abnormal situation of the person and
the Arduino here generates the output value (heart rate at
that situation) and displays it on the LCD display.
e. Activation Of Buzzer
Here the buzzer only buzzes the sound if any 4
sensors are detected among the five sensors. Once all the
four sensors (temp, flex, MEMS, sound) are detected the
buzzer buzzes and hence the message alert “I am in
danger” along with latitudinal and longitudinal values of
that location is send to the respective contact through the
GSM 800Lmodule and hence the latitudinal and
longitudinal values and the message is received by the
respective contact. In spite of abnormal cases if
unexpectedly any of the four sensors among the five are
detected and message is send, this might cause trouble for
Fig.10. Detection of Sudden Fall of the Victim that person [14].
So to avoid this that particular person should press a
In this device the MEMS is used to detect the sudden fall switch to avoid sending messages within a span of 10 sec
of that particular person and hence the X,Y coordinates of time. So, in this way the alert and security is provided
determines that the value obtained after the sudden fall of for that person in any situations.
that particular women/person. Hence it displays the output VIII. EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS
value on the LCD display. The prototype of the women security system is shown
d. Pulse Rate Detection Of Victim in below Fig.12.The signals from temperature, flex, MEMS
Generally the heart rate of the human is 72beats/min. In accelerometer, and sound, pulse rate sensors are detected
this respective project the heart rate of a person if reaches successfully and send to Arduino. When four out of five above
or precedes the threshold (for >100beats /min.) then the sensors crosses their threshold values the buzzer buzzes and
sensor detect the analog signal and hence feds the output the values are displayed on LCD as shown in Fig13.
signal to the Arduino which is shown in below Fig 11.

Fig.11. Detection of Pulse Rate of Victim

Generally if any woman is in dangerous situation then
the heart rate either increases or decreases. So, the pulse
Fig.12. Prototype of security system

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 Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Inventive Systems and Control (ICISC 2018)
IEEE Xplore Compliant - Part Number:CFP18J06-ART, ISBN:978-1-5386-0807-4; DVD Part Number:CFP18J06DVD, ISBN:978-1-5386-0806-7

Futurescope
For example as the school children safety are major
concerns for parents as well as school management due to the
recent incidents of child crimes like children missing, abuse etc.
The modules used monitor the child safety when they are
travelling in school buses. Once they reached the school the
device gets deactivated by school authority and message send
the parents that, “The child reaches the school safely”. Hence,
the advance technology makes the system more robust and
reliable. As the new modules provide the functionality which
enhance the safety and security.
Fig 13. Threshold values of victim in LCD
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 Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Inventive Systems and Control (ICISC 2018)
IEEE Xplore Compliant - Part Number:CFP18J06-ART, ISBN:978-1-5386-0807-4; DVD Part Number:CFP18J06DVD, ISBN:978-1-5386-0806-7

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