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SIC Machine:: (Simplified Instructional Computer)

The SIC machine comes in two versions: simple SIC and extended SIC (SIC/XE). Simple SIC is a 24-bit machine with 32K bytes of memory, 5 registers including the program counter and accumulator, and instructions that are either one-address or indexed/direct addressing. SIC/XE adds more memory, registers, data formats including 48-bit floating point, and more complex instruction formats including register-register, 3-byte, and 4-byte formats to allow more complex addressing modes.

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180 views3 pages

SIC Machine:: (Simplified Instructional Computer)

The SIC machine comes in two versions: simple SIC and extended SIC (SIC/XE). Simple SIC is a 24-bit machine with 32K bytes of memory, 5 registers including the program counter and accumulator, and instructions that are either one-address or indexed/direct addressing. SIC/XE adds more memory, registers, data formats including 48-bit floating point, and more complex instruction formats including register-register, 3-byte, and 4-byte formats to allow more complex addressing modes.

Uploaded by

anki k
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© © All Rights Reserved
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SIC machine: (Simplified Instructional Computer)

There are two versions of the SIC machine, "simple" SIC and SIC/XE
(extended environment).

For SIC, memory is organized as a sequence of 8-bit bytes, and any 3


consecutive bytes forms a word. This means that SIC is designed as a 24-bit
machine. A word is addressed by is lowest numbered byte (i.e., addressing
starts at byte 0).

Simple SIC:

Memory: 215 (32 K) bytes

Registers:
mnemonic number
A 0 accumulator
X 1 index register
L 2 link register
PC 8 program counter
SW 9 status word

Data formats:
Numeric - 24 bit 2's complement
Character - 8 bit ASCII

Instruction format:
one address instruction architecture, 24 bits as follows
8 1 15
op code x address

index bit
x = 0 ⇔ direct addressing mode
x = 1 ⇔ indexed/direct addressing mode

I/O:
Each device has an 8-bit address; data is transferred in single byte
quantities to or from the rightmost byte of register A.

Remark: the SIC simulator on Osprey has as installed devices the


8-bit addresses
00, 04, 05, 06, F1, F2, F3
boot output input
Extensions for SIC/XE:

Memory: 220 (1 M) bytes

Added Registers:
mnemonic number
B 3 base register
S 4 general working register
T 5 general working register
F 6 floating point accumulator; it uses
the 24 bits that could be R7 to
provide a 48 bit register

Added Data formats:


Numeric - 48 bit floating point
1 11 36
exponent fraction f

sign biased by 1024 between 0 and 1 (may be normalized)

The actual exponent: exponent - 1024


value represented = (sgn) f × 2(exponent - 1024)

Instruction formats: (4 in all)

1. 1-byte format (e.g., SIO, HIO, TIO, NORM) - not used in COP 3601
8
op code

2. 2-byte format
8 4 4
op code R1 R2
The two addresses typically represent registers, so no memory
access is needed to execute these.

3. 3-byte format
6 6 12
op code nixbpe displacement
address
index bit

If the "n-bit" and the "i-bit" are both 0 then the instruction is
interpreted as a simple SIC instruction.
4. 4-byte format
6 6 20
op code nixbpe address

n = indirect bit
i = immediate bit
x = index bit
b = base bit
p = PC relative bit
e = extended bit

These bits alone or in combination determine variations of the


instruction interpretation:

e = 0 ⇒ 3 byte format
e = 1 ⇒ 4 byte format

x = 1 ⇒ indexed addressing

b = 1 and p = 0 ⇒ base/displacement addressing


b = 0 and p = 1 ⇒ PC relative addressing

n = 1 and i = 1 ⇒ direct addressing


n = 1 and i = 0 ⇒ indirect addressing
n = 0 and i = 1 ⇒ immediate addressing

n = 0 and i = 0 ⇒ simple SIC interpretation


(so the last 15 bits is treated as an address,
including the bpe bits).

[The full collection of allowed interpretations is given in


Appendix A of the course text.]

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