Case 1:17-cr-00232-EGS Document 129-18 Filed 10/24/19 Page 1 of 29

UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA

UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

Plaintiff,

v. Criminal Action No. 17-232-EGS

MICHAEL T. FLYNN,

Defendant.

DECLARATION OF
KHODY R. DETWILER

I, Khody R. Detwiler of Lesnevich & Detwiler, 7550 Woodbury Pike, Roaring Spring, PA

16673, swear and affirm as follows:

1. I am of sound mind and over the age of eighteen, and I make the following declaration

based on my personal knowledge.

EXPERT QUALIFICATIONS

2. I am a forensic document examiner and principal of Lesnevich & Detwiler located in

Roaring Spring, Pennsylvania. I have been involved in the field of forensic document examination

since 2008. My initial training was completed in accordance with the SWGDOC Standard for

Minimum Training Requirements for Forensic Document Examiners, under the direct supervision

and instruction of senior forensic document examiner, Gus R. Lesnevich.

3. I specialize in handwriting and signature analysis and regularly conduct examinations

pertaining to alterations, obliterations, and erasures, as well as non-destructive ink, paper, and

1
 Case 1:17-cr-00232-EGS Document 129-18 Filed 10/24/19 Page 2 of 29

indentation analysis, among other specialties specific to forensic document examination. Since the

beginning of my career in the field of forensic document examination over a decade ago, I have

conducted a wide variety of forensic examinations on thousands of individual documents and

signatures involved in various litigations throughout the United States and abroad. My

international casework has required extensive travel to locations throughout South America,

Europe, and the Middle East.

4. I have been received as an expert, and have presented evidence, on numerous occasions in

both state and federal courts throughout the United States, and internationally. A sampling of

some of the key cases I have been involved with are included in my curriculum vitae, attached

hereto as Exhibit 1. I also contract with a variety of state and federal law enforcement agencies,

insurance companies, and private entities to perform forensic document examination services on a

regular basis. My professional qualifications and affiliations are set forth more fully in my

curriculum vitae.

ASSIGNMENT

5. I have been retained in this matter by Attorney Sidney Powell, on behalf of Defendant

Michael T. Flynn in the above-captioned action, to undertake and address the following:

5.1. To conduct a forensic handwriting examination and comparison of a series of

handwritten notations purported created during an interview that occurred on January 24, 2017,

herein referred to as “the (Q-1) notations”. Specifically, I have been asked to determine, if

possible, whether the (Q-1) notations were completed in a contemporaneous manner (i.e., during

the course of the open interview) or whether they were prepared at some point in time after the

interview concluded. Additionally, I have been asked to determine whether any portion(s) of the

submitted notations were modified and/or added to after the fact.

2
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MATERIALS PROVIDED FOR EXAMINATION

6. For the purpose of my analysis, I have been provided with a PDF file containing

reproductions of three (3) pages of handwritten notations (Q-1), purportedly authored by FBI

Agent, Peter Strzok during an interview with General Michael T. Flynn commencing on January

24, 2017 1.

SUMMARY OF CONCLUSION

7. Based upon the inherent limitations arising from the examination of non-original evidence,

compounded with the lack of any known comparison handwritten notations of Agent Peter Strzok

(i.e., other non-contested handwritten notations prepared under like conditions), it has been

determined that no conclusion can be rendered as to whether the submitted (Q-1) notations were

written during the course of the January 24th interview, or prepared at a subsequent time period.

Moreover, as a result of the submission of sub-par reproduction quality evidence, no specialized

forensic document examinations, such as spectral ink analysis or electrostatic detection analysis,

could be conducted to further address whether any portion(s) of the submitted (Q-1) notations were

changed or added after the fact.

8. The conclusion summarized above corresponds to the “no conclusion (totally inconclusive,

indeterminable)” point on the nine-point conclusion scale propounded by the Scientific Working

Group for Forensic Document Examination (“SWGDOC”) 2 Standard Terminology for Expressing

1
Attached as Exhibit 2 is a true and accurate reproduction of the Exhibit Q-1 notations submitted for
analysis in this matter.
2
The Scientific Working Group for Forensic Document Examination develops standards and guidelines for
the field of forensic document examination. SWGDOC is composed of private examiners and government examiners
from local, state, and federal laboratories throughout the United States. SWGDOC began in 1997 as TWGDOC
(Technical Working Group for Questioned Documents), was renamed SWGDOC in 1999, and was reorganized in
2001. From 2000 to 2012 SWGDOC published their standards through the American Society for Testing and
Materials International (now simply ASTM International). In 2012 SWGDOC stopped publishing their standards

3
 Case 1:17-cr-00232-EGS Document 129-18 Filed 10/24/19 Page 4 of 29

Conclusions of Forensic Document Examiners. On that scale, “no conclusion” is defined as

follows: “This is the zero point of the confidence scale. It is used when there are significantly

limiting factors, such as disguise in the questioned and/or known writing or a lack of comparable

writing, and the examiner does not have even a leaning one way or another.”

ANALYSIS DISCUSSION

9. When attempting to determine whether a handwritten entry has been modified or changed,

there are several non-destructive examinations that can be conducted by forensic document

examiners in an effort to address such a query; however, most (if not all) of these types of

specialized examinations require that the analysis be conducted with the original evidence.

10. On the basis thereof, one of the more common types of non-destructive specialized

examinations conducted by forensic document examiners is referred to as a “filtered-light” or

“spectral” examination. In many cases, this type of analysis is routinely completed with the aid of

a Video Spectral Comparator (more commonly referred to as a “VSC®”). In our laboratory, we

carry out these types of specialized examinations and comparisons with a Foster + Freeman Video

Spectral Comparator (Model: VSC®6000/HS)3.

11. In short, the VSC® is a scientific instrument, or platform, that allows an examiner to non-

destructively examine and evaluate materials, such as inks and papers, beyond the visible light

spectrum; which is accomplished by using different light sources (e.g., Infrared and Ultraviolet)

together with various light filters. Since different ink compositions will often absorb and reflect

light at different wavelengths, it may be possible through spectral ink analysis to determine if a

through ASTM and began self-publishing their standards as is the practice for nearly every other SWG group
(http://www.swgdoc.org).
3
Attached as Exhibit 3 is a true and correct copy of the product brochure for the Foster + Freeman Video
Spectral Comparator VSC®6000/HS.

4
 Case 1:17-cr-00232-EGS Document 129-18 Filed 10/24/19 Page 5 of 29

handwritten entry (or portions of a handwritten entry) found within a document were written with

different writing ink formulas.

12. Specifically, if you were to examine a handwritten entry that was prepared with two

different writing ink formulas, using infrared lighting and bandpass filters, differences in the

optical properties of the two ink formulas may become visible. With the VSC®, these “differences”

are often observed as “Grayscale” variations which result in the illusion that one ink formula

“disappears” from the document, while the other remains perceptible; however, this phenomenon

is the actual visualization of the different ink components absorbing and reflecting the light source

at that particular wavelength. Therefore, if you were to examine a series of handwritten notations

that were modified or prepared with a multiple writing ink formulas, it may be possible to visualize

and image the changes or additions through non-destructive VSC® spectral ink analysis; however,

the original evidence would be required to complete this analysis.

13. Aside from the vast ink discrimination capabilities, non-destructive VSC® spectral

analysis may provide additional pertinent information through a variety of other specialized

examinations, including: paper stock analysis, paper fiber disturbance detection (caused by

erasures, chemicals, and/or other means), watermark visualization and examination, indentation

imaging and decipherment, latent image analysis, security feature detection and examination, as

well as font and print process identification and comparison. When original evidence is submitted

for examination, non-destructive VSC® spectral analysis is customarily completed in conjunction

with a variety of other forensic document examinations.

14. When tasked with determining whether modifications or insertions have occurred within a

questioned entry or document, non-destructive indentation analysis may provide key evidence

when making such a determination.

5
 Case 1:17-cr-00232-EGS Document 129-18 Filed 10/24/19 Page 6 of 29

15. Indentation examinations are routinely conducted utilizing a variety of lighting techniques

(e.g., oblique lighting), as well as a Foster + Freeman Electrostatic Detection Apparatus (more

commonly referred to as an “ESDA®”) 4.

16. The ESDA® analysis allows for an examiner to non-destructively develop and examine

writing indentations, either visible or latent, that may appear on the surface of a document. The

physical results of the ESDA® analysis are encapsulated as “ESDA® Lifts” which can be used for

further examination to sequence writings, or to link the writing impressions to other documents

and/or sources. Additionally, through ESDA® indentation analysis it may possible to establish the

“date” a document or entry if the recovered impressions or indentations can be sourced back to

another item of a known date or origin.

17. As indicated, the original evidence would be required to conduct both the VSC® and

ESDA® examinations. If the original (Q-1) notations were made available for inspection a

definitive conclusion as to whether or not any portion(s) of the notations were modified or added

may be possible through the non-destructive methods outlined above.

EXAMINATIONS CONDUCTED

18. In an attempt to fully-address the proposed assignment in this matter, I completed a series

of visual examinations and comparisons of the (Q-1) notations. To the extent possible, each of the

handwriting examinations and comparisons conducted in this matter were non-destructive and

conform to the SWGDOC Standard Guide for Examination of Handwritten Items.

4
Attached as Exhibit 4 is a true and correct copy of the product brochure for the Foster + Freeman ESDA®2.

6
 Case 1:17-cr-00232-EGS Document 129-18 Filed 10/24/19 Page 7 of 29

OBSERVATIONS AND RESULTS OF EXAMINATION

19. Although the overall format of (Q-1) notations may not appear to be entirely consistent

with the “anticipated” writing format often associated with notetaking (e.g., inter/intra word

spacing, formatting, and overall writing size), without access to comparison notations it is not

possible to establish a baseline, or habit pattern for how Agent Strzok would normally record

notations under similar conditions. As such, there is no way to determine whether the (Q-1)

notations are representative of the complete normal and natural handwriting habits and

characteristics of Agent Strzok exhibited under “like” conditions. Consequently, no conclusion 5

can be rendered as to whether the (Q-1) handwritten notations were prepared during the interview

as purported, or at subsequent time.

20. If additional comparable 6 notations of Agent Strzok written under similar conditions could

be obtained and submitted for analysis, it may be possible to determine whether the (Q-1) notations

were prepared as purported. In consideration of both the observations made, as well as limitations

present, further analysis of the original evidence would likely be necessary to support any

definitive conclusions in this matter.

21. In the event circumstances may warrant, I reserve the right to supplement this declaration

upon the receipt of any additional evidence, including the originals or better-quality reproductions,

and/or any other pertinent information specific to my analysis in connection with this matter.

5
“No conclusion (totally inconclusive, indeterminable) – This is the zero point of the confidence scale. It is
used when there are significantly limiting factors, such as disguise in the questioned and/or known writing or a lack
of comparable writing, and the examiner does not have even a leaning one way or another.” - SWGDOC Standard
Terminology for Expressing Conclusions of Forensic Document Examiners.
6
“Comparable - pertaining to handwritten items that contain the same type(s) of writing and similar
characters, words, and combinations. Contemporaneousness and writing instruments may also be factors.” -
SWGDOC Standard for Examination of Handwritten Items.

7
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EXHIBIT 1
CURRICULUM VITAE OF
KHODY R. DETWILER
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KHODY R. DE T WILER
Forensic Document Examiner

C ONTAC T PROFE SSI ONA L PROFILE

khody@lesnevich.com A forensic document specialist with a focus in handwriting and signature analysis. I
provide detailed, proprietary reports, and high-quality demonstrative exhibits for attorneys,
linkedin.com/in/ state and federal law enforcement agencies, insurance agencies, mid to large sized
khody-r-detwiler businesses, and private clientele. My objective for every consultation is to provide my
7550 Woodbury Pike
 clients with the expertise needed so they can confidently proceed to court or make an
Roaring Spring, PA 16673 informed internal decision about the nature or authenticity of a written or digital document.

Roaring Spring, PA
814.793.2377 HIGHLIGHTS/ MAJOR CASE S
Pittsburgh, PA

412.430.3887
PEOPLE VS. CORY BYRD (IND. #2011-749) & PEOPLE V. 

Philadelphia, PA
 DAVID STEVENSON (IND. #2013-067)
215.800.0120
• Retained by the Orange County District Attorney’s Office in Goshen, New York to examine 

www.lesnevich.com evidence, and provide expert witness testimony, in two separate highly publicized homicide 

trials involving the murder of a 4-year-old child, and the murder of a 35-year-old mother of 

four. Both trials resulted in guilty verdicts.
SKILLS
EXONERATION OF SHAURN THOMAS (PHILADELPHIA, PA)
Trials • Retained by the Pennsylvania Innocence Project and Dechert LLP in the successful 

exoneration of Shaurn Thomas.   Mr. Thomas spent 24 years in a Pennsylvania prison for a 

Civil Litigation
murder that he did not commit.
Forensic Research
Criminal Prosecution PEOPLE VS. ANTHONY D. MARSHALL AND FRANCIS X. MORRISSEY, JR.  

Criminal Investigations (BROOKE ASTOR)
• Assisted on a matter in which our firm was retained by the New York County District 

Courtroom Demonstratives
Attorney’s Office (Manhattan) in a highly publicized criminal case involving the Estate of 

Brooke Astor.
SERVIC E S

PAUL D. CEGLIA VS. MARK ELLIOT ZUCKERBERG AND FACEBOOK INC.

forensic consulting • Retained by counsel representing Facebook and Mark Zuckerberg in a breach of contract 

action brought in Federal Court in Buffalo, New York; alleging a multi-billion-dollar ownership

handwriting and 

signature analysis interest in Facebook.

electronic signature verification FLETCHER ET AL. VS. DOIG  ET AL.

Non-destructive ink, paper, 
 • Retained by counsel representing famed European artist, Peter Doig, in a civil action brought in 

and indentation analysis Federal Court in Chicago, Illinois; pertaining to the authentication of a purported original 

“Peter Doig” painting; with an estimated value in excess of 10 million dollars.
forensic document examination
and authentication Khody R. Detwiler CV (October 2019) - Page 1 of 14
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KHODY R. DE T WILER
Forensic Document Examiner

C ONTAC T HIGHLIGHTS/ MAJOR CASE S continued

khody@lesnevich.com THE ISLAMIC BANK OF ASIA LTD., VS. AHMAD HAMAD ALGOSAIBI & 

BROTHERS CO. (SINGAPORE)
linkedin.com/in/ • Retained by counsel representing the Islamic Bank of Asia Ltd. in a matter involving multiple 

khody-r-detwiler fraud claims in connection with a series of multi-million-dollar banking transactions originating 

7550 Woodbury Pike
 from Singapore and Saudi Arabia.
Roaring Spring, PA 16673
Roaring Spring, PA CHEVRON VS. DONZINGER, ET. AL., (S.D.N.Y.); AGUINDA V. CHEVRON 

814.793.2377 (LAGO AGRIO, ECUADOR); CHEVRON V. REPUBLIC OF ECUADOR 

Pittsburgh, PA
 (THE HAGUE, NETHERLANDS)
412.430.3887 • Retained by counsel representing Chevron Corporation in several different international legal 

proceedings stemming from a multi-billion-dollar environmental lawsuit originating from Lago 

Philadelphia, PA

215.800.0120 Agrio, Ecuador.

www.lesnevich.com ALGOSAIBI (AHAB) VS. MAAN AL SANEA (SAAD GROUP) 


(AL KHOBAR, SAUDI ARABIA)
• Retained by counsel representing Saudi businessman, Maan Al Sanea, in a matter involving 

SKILLS
multi-billion-dollar fraud claims in multiple jurisdictions with connections to over 100 

international banking institutions originating from Saudi Arabia.
Trials
Civil Litigation REPUBLIC OF GUINEA (SIMANDOU MINING RIGHTS)
Forensic Research • Retained by counsel representing the interests of a large international mining firm in a matter 

stemming from allegations that the multi-billion-dollar mining rights to Simandou (a large 

Criminal Prosecution
untapped deposit of high grade iron ore located in the Republic of Guinea) were secured 

Criminal Investigations through bribery, corruption and fraud.
Courtroom Demonstratives
ESTATE OF BADRI “ARKADY” PATARKATSISHVILI (TBILISI, REPUBLIC OF GEORGIA)
SERVIC E S • Assisted on a matter in which our firm was retained by counsel representing the multi-billion-

dollar business estate of former Georgian presidential candidate, Badri “Arkady” Patarkatshvili, 

originating from Tbilisi, Georgia.
forensic consulting

handwriting and 
 SANUM INVESTMENTS LTD VS. GOVERNMENT OF THE LAO PEOPLE’S
signature analysis DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC
• Retained by counsel representing Macau-based Sanum Investments and Netherlands-based 

electronic signature verification
Lao Holdings, NV in bilateral investment treaty arbitration claims against the Government of 

Non-destructive ink, paper, 
 Laos.
and indentation analysis

forensic document examination

and authentication Khody R. Detwiler CV (October 2019) - Page 2 of 14
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KHODY R. DE T WILER
Forensic Document Examiner

C ONTAC T TRAINING EXPERIENCE/EMPLOYMENT

khody@lesnevich.com FORENSIC DOCUMENT EXAMINER               


Lesnevich & Detwiler |  December 2008 - Present (Partner 2011)

linkedin.com/in/
khody-r-detwiler
After completion of the mandatory senior internship, sponsored through Penn State
7550 Woodbury Pike
 University;  I began the formal training program in the field of Forensic Document
Roaring Spring, PA 16673
Examination under the direct supervision and instruction of Gus Lesnevich.
Roaring Spring, PA
814.793.2377
The training program consists of a 24 month, full-time, training period covering all
Pittsburgh, PA
 aspects of the Forensic Document Examination field.  

412.430.3887


Philadelphia, PA
 My training was completed in accordance with the Scientific Working Group for
215.800.0120
Forensic Document Examination (SWGDOC) Standard for Minimum Training
www.lesnevich.com Requirements for Forensic Document Examiners (formerly known as the ASTM
International Standard Designation E-2388-11, Standard for Minimum Training
Requirements for Forensic Document Examiners).

SKILLS  

Some of the specific areas of instruction included in the training program are as follows:
Trials
Civil Litigation • Evidence Handling Procedures • Examination Procedures
Forensic Research
• Handwriting/Printing Examination • Printing Processes
• Photography and Digital Imaging • Photocopiers/Facsimiles
Criminal Prosecution
• Alterations, Obliterations and Erasures • Mechanical Impressions
Criminal Investigations • Specialized Lighting Techniques • Paper and Font Analysis
Courtroom Demonstratives • Expert Witness and Legal Proceedings • Ink Analysis (VSC)
• Electronic Signature Analysis              • Indentation Analysis (ESDA)
SERVIC E S • Demonstrative Court Chart Production • Report Preparation

forensic consulting As part of my training, I was also responsible for conducting a wide variety of case-
specific research and literature reviews correlating to each of the individual cases
handwriting and 
 submitted to our laboratory for analysis.  

signature analysis


electronic signature verification This task was primarily accomplished through extensive review and study of the leading
Non-destructive ink, paper, 
 authoritative texts and peer-reviewed journal articles published within the Forensic
and indentation analysis Document Examination field.

forensic document examination

and authentication Khody R. Detwiler CV (October 2019) - Page 3 of 14
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KHODY R. DE T WILER
Forensic Document Examiner

C ONTAC T TEC HNICA L TRAINING

khody@lesnevich.com TECHNICAL TRAINING BY FOSTER + FREEMAN USA INC. 


(Sterling, Virginia - September 2, 2009)

linkedin.com/in/ • Non-Destructive Ink Analysis -Video Spectral Comparator (VSC)                                
khody-r-detwiler - Models: VSC 6000, VSC 2000HR and VSC 400

7550 Woodbury Pike
 • Non-Destructive Indentation Analysis - Electrostatic Detection Apparatus (ESDA)

Roaring Spring, PA 16673 - Models: ESDA2 and ESDA Lite

Roaring Spring, PA
814.793.2377 TECHNICAL TRAINING IN PHOTOGRAPHY AND DIGITAL IMAGING SOFTWARE 

(Martinsburg, Pennsylvania)
Pittsburgh, PA

412.430.3887 • Instruction in Adobe Products by professional photographer Gerald T. Leidy
• Following  graduation from the Brooks Institute of Photography in Santa Barbara, 

Philadelphia, PA
 California,  Mr. Leidy enlisted with the United States Navy - Atlantic Fleet Combat 

215.800.0120
Camera Group stationed in Norfolk, Virginia.  In 1974, after serving four years with 

www.lesnevich.com the United States Navy, Mr. Leidy established, and currently maintains, a professional 

photography studio located in Martinsburg, Pennsylvania.


SKILLS APPLETON PAPERS SECURITY PAPER SCHOOL

(Roaring Spring, Pennsylvania - December 1, 2011)
• Overview of the paper making and Dandy Roll Processes
Trials
• Watermarking and Securities Technology

Civil Litigation
Forensic Research FUNDAMENTALS OF FORENSIC QUESTIONED DOCUMENTS 

Criminal Prosecution Continuing & Professional Education Certificate Program through West Virginia University
(November 2012)

Criminal Investigations
• Instructed by Anthony Iten of West Virginia University

Courtroom Demonstratives
ADVANCED VIDEO SPECTRAL COMPARATOR (VSC) WORKSHOP
SERVIC E S (Indianapolis, Indiana - August 29, 2013)
• Instructed by Foster + Freeman Application Engineers Michael Zontini & Owen Lang


forensic consulting
ROCHESTER INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY - PRINTING PROCESS IDENTIFICATION AND
handwriting and 
 IMAGE ANALYSIS FOR FORENSIC DOCUMENT EXAMINERS SEMINAR
signature analysis (Rochester, New York - November 12-15, 2013)

• Some of the topics of instruction included the following:
electronic signature verification
- Traditional and Digital Printing Process Identification and Discrimination
Non-destructive ink, paper, 
 - Image Analysis and Digital Image Processing
and indentation analysis - Security Inks and Security Papers
forensic document examination
and authentication Khody R. Detwiler CV (October 2019) - Page 4 of 14
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KHODY R. DE T WILER
Forensic Document Examiner

C ONTAC T TEC HNICA L TRAINING continued

khody@lesnevich.com ADVANCED VIDEO SPECTRAL COMPARATOR (VSC) WORKSHOP

(Honolulu, Hawaii - August 15, 2014)
linkedin.com/in/ • Instructed by Foster + Freeman Application Engineers Michael Zontini & F.L. Jim Lee 

khody-r-detwiler
7550 Woodbury Pike
 VIDEO SPECTRAL COMPARATOR (VSC) &

Roaring Spring, PA 16673
ELECTROSTATIC DETECTION APPARATUS (ESDA) TECHNOLOGY: 

Roaring Spring, PA EXPLAINING TO THE LAYPERSON WORKSHOP
814.793.2377
(San Diego, California - September 1, 2017)
Pittsburgh, PA
 • Instructed by Foster + Freeman Application Engineer Michael Zontini    
412.430.3887
Philadelphia, PA
 PIKASO WRITE-ON 3.0 DOCUMENT COMPARISON SOFTWARE WORKSHOP
215.800.0120
(Park City, Utah - August 18, 2018)
www.lesnevich.com • Instructed by Pierre Goudreault and Brian Lindblom

SKILLS EDUCATI ON

Trials
BACHELOR OF SCIENCE 

Civil Litigation
Criminal Justice
Forensic Research The Pennsylvania State University 

Criminal Prosecution University Park, Pennsylvania
Criminal Investigations 2005 - 2009
Courtroom Demonstratives • Deans List Honors
• From August through December of 2008, I completed a mandatory semester long 

SERVIC E S internship with Gus Lesnevich for partial fulfillment of my bachelor’s degree in the 

Criminal Justice program at Penn State University.

forensic consulting

handwriting and 

signature analysis

electronic signature verification

Non-destructive ink, paper, 


and indentation analysis

forensic document examination

and authentication Khody R. Detwiler CV (October 2019) - Page 5 of 14
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KHODY R. DE T WILER
Forensic Document Examiner

C ONTAC T C ONTINUING EDUCATI ON

khody@lesnevich.com AMERICAN ACADEMY OF FORENSIC SCIENCES (AAFS) 


64TH ANNUAL SCIENTIFIC MEETING
linkedin.com/in/ (Atlanta, Georgia - February 20-25,  2012)

khody-r-detwiler
• Workshop/Panel Discussion: Flawed Forensics: Recognizing and Challenging 

7550 Woodbury Pike
 Misleading Forensic Evidence and Disingenuous Expert Testimony

Roaring Spring, PA 16673
Roaring Spring, PA AMERICAN ACADEMY OF FORENSIC SCIENCES (AAFS) 

814.793.2377
65TH ANNUAL SCIENTIFIC MEETING 

Pittsburgh, PA
 (Washington, D.C. - February 18-23,  2013)

412.430.3887
• Workshop: Signature Examination of Healthy and Impaired Writers

Philadelphia, PA
 - (Instructed by Michael Caligiuri & Linton Mohammed)
215.800.0120
• Workshop: Hyperspectral Imaging - United States Library of Congress
www.lesnevich.com - (Instructed by Fanella G. France & Joseph C. Stevens)

AMERICAN ACADEMY OF FORENSIC SCIENCES (AAFS) 


SKILLS 67TH ANNUAL SCIENTIFIC MEETING
(Orlando, Florida - February 16-21,  2015)

Trials • Workshop: Classification of Typewritten Documents
Civil Litigation - (Instructed by Karen J. Nobles & Peter V. Tytell)

Forensic Research • Workshop: Automating Image Production for Forensic Document Examiners

- (Instructed by Mark Goff)
Criminal Prosecution
Criminal Investigations AMERICAN ACADEMY OF FORENSIC SCIENCES (AAFS) 

Courtroom Demonstratives 71ST ANNUAL SCIENTIFIC MEETING
(Baltimore, Maryland - February 18-23,  2019)
SERVIC E S • Workshop: Deciphering Complex Electrostatic Detection Device (EDD) Impressions
-(Instructed by Mark Goff)
forensic consulting
AMERICAN SOCIETY OF QUESTIONED DOCUMENT EXAMINERS (ASQDE) 

handwriting and 

69TH ANNUAL MEETING
signature analysis
(Philadelphia, Pennsylvania - August 20-25, 2011)

electronic signature verification • Workshop: Printing Process Identification for Forensic Document Examiners

- (Instructed by Scott Walters & Jeffrey Payne)

Non-destructive ink, paper, 

and indentation analysis • Workshop: Using Adobe Photoshop in a Forensic Document Workflow

- (Instructed by George Reis)
forensic document examination
and authentication Khody R. Detwiler CV (October 2019) - Page 6 of 14
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KHODY R. DE T WILER
Forensic Document Examiner

C ONTAC T C ONTINUING EDUCATI ON continued

khody@lesnevich.com AMERICAN SOCIETY OF QUESTIONED DOCUMENT EXAMINERS (ASQDE) 


70TH  ANNUAL MEETING 

linkedin.com/in/ (Charleston, South Carolina - August 18-23, 2012)

khody-r-detwiler • Workshop: The Individuality of Inkjet Printing

7550 Woodbury Pike
 - Instructed by Rolf Fauser)
Roaring Spring, PA 16673 • Workshop: Electrostatic Detection Devices (EDD)

Roaring Spring, PA Theoretical and Operational Considerations
814.793.2377 -(Instructed by Dan C. Purdy, Grant Sperry & Robert Muehlberger)
Pittsburgh, PA

412.430.3887 AMERICAN SOCIETY OF QUESTIONED DOCUMENT EXAMINERS (ASQDE) 

71ST  ANNUAL MEETING 

Philadelphia, PA

(Indianapolis, Indiana - August 24-29, 2013)

215.800.0120
• Workshop: Conclusion Scales and Logical Inference
www.lesnevich.com - (Instructed by R. Brent Ostrum)

• Workshop: Forensic Examination of Digital Signatures 

- (Instructed by William Flynn & Kathleen Annunziata Nicolaides)

SKILLS • Workshop: Challenging Signatures

- (Instructed by A. Frank Hicks)
Trials
JOINT ANNUAL MEETING OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF QUESTIONED
Civil Litigation
DOCUMENT EXAMINERS (ASQDE - 72ND) AND THE AUSTRALASIAN SOCIETY OF
Forensic Research FORENSIC DOCUMENT EXAMINERS (ASFDE) 

Criminal Prosecution (Honolulu, Hawaii - August 11-15, 2014)

• Workshop: Skillful Freehand Signature Simulation

Criminal Investigations
- (Instructed by Lloyd Cunningham & Linton Mohammed

Courtroom Demonstratives • Workshop: Adobe, Digital Media and Evidence

- (Instructed by John Penn II of Adobe)
SERVIC E S
AMERICAN SOCIETY OF QUESTIONED DOCUMENT EXAMINERS (ASQDE) 

73RD  ANNUAL MEETING 

forensic consulting
(Toronto, Ontario - August 9-13, 2015)

handwriting and 
 • Workshop: Characteristics of Fountain Pen Writing and Aqueous Ink Analysis

signature analysis - (Instructed by Lloyd Cunningham, Valery Aginsky, Linton Mohammed &

electronic signature verification
William Flynn)

• Workshop: Principles of Forensic Examination of Arabic Signatures

Non-destructive ink, paper, 
 - (Instructed by Mohammed Aloyoni & Dr. Abdulaziz Alkahtani)
and indentation analysis

forensic document examination

and authentication Khody R. Detwiler CV (October 2019) - Page 7 of 14
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KHODY R. DE T WILER
Forensic Document Examiner

C ONTAC T C ONTINUING EDUCATI ON continued

khody@lesnevich.com AMERICAN SOCIETY OF QUESTIONED DOCUMENT EXAMINERS (ASQDE) 


75TH ANNUAL MEETING
linkedin.com/in/ (San Diego, California - August 28 through September 1, 2017)

khody-r-detwiler
• Workshop: Forensic Science Research: Your Mission to Propose, 

7550 Woodbury Pike
 Innovate and Collaborate
Roaring Spring, PA 16673
- (Instructed by Heather Waltke, Gerald LaPorte, Lisa Hanson & Melissa Taylor)
Roaring Spring, PA • Workshop: Preparing a Digital Signature File for Forensic Analysis

814.793.2377
- (Instructed by Kathleen Annunziata Nicolaides & William Flynn)
Pittsburgh, PA
 • Workshop: Chinese Handwriting and Signatures: 

412.430.3887
Hanzi through the Eyes of the Forensic Document Examiner

Philadelphia, PA
 - (Instructed by Chiew Yung Yang & Chin Chin Lim)
215.800.0120
• Workshop: Write or Wrong? Bias, Decision-Making and the use of 

www.lesnevich.com Contextual Information in Forensic Document Examination

- (Instructed by Niki Osborne, Lloyd Cunningham & Jane Lewis )

SKILLS JOINT ANNUAL MEETING OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF QUESTIONED

DOCUMENT EXAMINERS (ASQDE - 76TH ANNUAL MEETING) AND THE
Trials SOUTHWEST ASSOCIATION OF FORENSIC DOCUMENT EXAMINERS (SWAFDE)
Civil Litigation (Park City, Utah - August 19-23, 2018)
Forensic Research • Workshop: Mark Hofmann – Master Forger and Murderer

- (Instructed by George Throckmorton, William Flynn & Lloyd Cunningham)
Criminal Prosecution
• Workshop: Latin American Writing

Criminal Investigations - (Instructed by Manuel Gonzales, Eric Cedeno & Leydis Gonzalez)
Courtroom Demonstratives
DOCUMENT SECURITY ALLIANCE (DSA) MEETING
SERVIC E S (Washington, D.C. - October 20, 2011)
• Discussion:  Document security before and after September 11th 2001

forensic consulting
   
handwriting and 

signature analysis

electronic signature verification

Non-destructive ink, paper, 


and indentation analysis

forensic document examination

and authentication Khody R. Detwiler CV (October 2019) - Page 8 of 14
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KHODY R. DE T WILER
Forensic Document Examiner

C ONTAC T C ONTINUING EDUCATI ON continued

khody@lesnevich.com MEASUREMENT SCIENCE & STANDARDS IN FORENSIC 


HANDWRITING ANALYSIS CONFERENCE

linkedin.com/in/ (Gaithersburg, Maryland - June 4-5, 2013)
khody-r-detwiler
• National Institute of Standards and Technology Campus (NIST)
7550 Woodbury Pike
 • In collaboration with the following organizations:
Roaring Spring, PA 16673
- American Academy of Forensic Sciences - QD Section (AAFS)
Roaring Spring, PA - American Board of Forensic Document Examiners (ABFDE)
814.793.2377 - American Society of Questioned Document Examiners (ASQDE)
Pittsburgh, PA
 - Federal Bureau of Investigation Laboratory (FBI)
412.430.3887 - National Institute of Justice (NIJ)
Philadelphia, PA
 - Scientific Working Group for Forensic Document Examination (SWGDOC)
215.800.0120 

MID-ATLANTIC ASSOCIATION OF FORENSIC SCIENTISTS (MAAFS) 

www.lesnevich.com ANNUAL MEETING
(State College, Pennsylvania - May 19-23, 2014)
SKILLS • Attended various presentations sponsored by the Questioned Documents Section. 

• Some of the topics of discussion included the following:  

- Thermal Ribbon Analysis and the Thermal Ribbon Analysis Platform (TRAP)
Trials - The Use of Photoshop Macros to Simplify the Creation of Working Charts
Civil Litigation - Spectral Analysis of Documents Subjected to Latent Print Examinations

Forensic Research utilizing the Video Spectral Comparator (VSC)
Criminal Prosecution
MID-ATLANTIC ASSOCIATION OF FORENSIC SCIENTISTS (MAAFS) QUESTIONED
Criminal Investigations DOCUMENTS SECTION (QD) FALL WORKSHOP: “VALUABLE SIGNATURES AND
Courtroom Demonstratives MEMORABILIA” NATIONAL BASEBALL HALL OF FAME
(Cooperstown, New York - November 12, 2015)

SERVIC E S • Instructed by the following individuals:
- Michael Posner - Manager of Major League Baseball’s Authentication Program
forensic consulting
- Special Agent, Brian Brusokas - Art Crime Team (FBI)
- Special Agent, John Iannuzzi - Interstate Robbery Apprehension Team (FBI)
handwriting and 
 - Gregg Mokrzychi - Forensic Document Examiner (FBI)
signature analysis - Peter J. Belcastro, Jr. - Forensic Document Examiner (FBI)
electronic signature verification • National Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum Panel Discussion:
  - Erik Strohl - VP of Exhibitions and Collections -National Baseball HOF
Non-destructive ink, paper, 
 - Jim Gates - Library Director -National Baseball HOF
and indentation analysis
- Sue MacKay - Director of Collections -National Baseball HOF
forensic document examination
and authentication Khody R. Detwiler CV (October 2019) - Page 9 of 14
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KHODY R. DE T WILER
Forensic Document Examiner

C ONTAC T C ONTINUING EDUCATI ON continued

khody@lesnevich.com MID-ATLANTIC ASSOCIATION OF FORENSIC SCIENTISTS (MAAFS) 


ANNUAL MEETING
linkedin.com/in/ (Cambridge, Maryland - May 18-22, 2015)
khody-r-detwiler
• Workshop: Forensic Examination of Biometrically Captured e-Signatures

7550 Woodbury Pike
 - (Instructed by William Flynn & Kathleen Annunziata Nicolaides)
Roaring Spring, PA 16673
Roaring Spring, PA MID-ATLANTIC ASSOCIATION OF FORENSIC SCIENTISTS (MAAFS) ANNUAL
814.793.2377
MEETING
Pittsburgh, PA
 (Richmond, Virginia - May 17-20, 2016)
412.430.3887
• Workshop: The Application of QD Examinations of the Analysis of Fine Art and Other
Philadelphia, PA
 Antiques

215.800.0120
- (Instructed by Gregg Mokrzycki)
www.lesnevich.com • Workshop: Identification Science

- (Instructed by Stephen McKasson)

SKILLS MID-ATLANTIC ASSOCIATION OF FORENSIC SCIENTISTS (MAAFS) 


ANNUAL MEETING
Trials (Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania - May 23-26, 2017)
Civil Litigation • Workshop: The Examination of Questioned Documents with Complicated Specimens
Forensic Research Requiring Multiple Examination Types

- (Instructed by Nadeem-Ul-Hassan Khan)
Criminal Prosecution
• Workshop: Covert Communications and Concealment Techniques

Criminal Investigations - (Instructed by Gregg Mokrzycki)
Courtroom Demonstratives
MID-ATLANTIC ASSOCIATION OF FORENSIC SCIENTISTS (MAAFS) QUESTIONED
SERVIC E S DOCUMENTS SECTION (QD) FALL WORKSHOP: “QUESTIONED DOCUMENTS
EXPERT TESTIMONY WORKSHOP” 

forensic consulting VIRGINIA DEPARTMENT OF FORENSIC SCIENCES
(Manassas, Virginia - December 5, 2017)
handwriting and 

• In addition to myself, this workshop was instructed by the following individuals:

signature analysis
- (Joseph Stevens, Michael Wallace, Kenneth E. Melson, Ted Burkes, Kathleen
electronic signature verification              Storer & Kelly Pearson)
Non-destructive ink, paper, 

and indentation analysis

forensic document examination

and authentication Khody R. Detwiler CV (October 2019) - Page 10 of 14
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KHODY R. DE T WILER
Forensic Document Examiner

C ONTAC T C ONTINUING EDUCATI ON continued

khody@lesnevich.com MID-ATLANTIC ASSOCIATION OF FORENSIC SCIENTISTS (MAAFS) 


ANNUAL MEETING
linkedin.com/in/ (Hunt Valley, Maryland - May 15-18, 2018)
khody-r-detwiler
• Workshop: VSC & ESDA Technology: Explaining to the Layperson

7550 Woodbury Pike
 - (Instructed by Allyce McWhorter & Rebecca Walls of Foster + Freeman)
Roaring Spring, PA 16673
• Workshop: Handwriting Examination of Signatures

Roaring Spring, PA - (Instructed by Ronald N. Morris)
814.793.2377
• Workshop: Charred and Water Soaked Documents
Pittsburgh, PA
 - (Instructed by Gregg Mokrzycki & Peter J. Belcastro, Jr.)
412.430.3887
Philadelphia, PA
 MID-ATLANTIC ASSOCIATION OF FORENSIC SCIENTISTS (MAAFS) 

215.800.0120
ANNUAL MEETING
www.lesnevich.com (Morgantown, West Virginia - May 7-10, 2019)
• Workshop: Examining Writing on Unusual Surfaces
- (Instructed by Gregg Mokrzycki & Peter J. Belcastro, Jr.)
SKILLS • Workshop: Examination of Torn/Cut Edges

- (Instructed by Lorie Cousin & Peter J. Belcastro, Jr.)
Trials • Workshop: How Chemical Examinations of Inks and Paper Can Corroborate and
Civil Litigation Supplement Forensic Document Examinations
Forensic Research - (Instructed by Gerald M. LaPorte)

Criminal Prosecution
NORTHEASTERN ASSOCIATION OF FORENSIC SCIENTISTS (NEAFS) 40TH 

Criminal Investigations ANNUAL MEETING
Courtroom Demonstratives (Hershey, Pennsylvania - November 3-6, 2014)
• Workshop: Ethics in the Practice of Forensic Science

SERVIC E S - (Instructed by Robin Bowen of West Virginia University)

forensic consulting

handwriting and 

signature analysis

electronic signature verification

Non-destructive ink, paper, 


and indentation analysis

forensic document examination

and authentication Khody R. Detwiler CV (October 2019) - Page 11 of 14
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KHODY R. DE T WILER
Forensic Document Examiner

C ONTAC T C ONTINUING EDUCATI ON continued

khody@lesnevich.com 3RD INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON 


AUTOMATED FORENSIC HANDWRITING ANALYSIS (AFHA)
linkedin.com/in/ (Honolulu, Hawaii - August 9-10, 2014)
khody-r-detwiler
• This particular workshop explored a variety of automated systems which may be used 

7550 Woodbury Pike
 to assist in the examination of both “online” and “offline” signatures and writings.  
Roaring Spring, PA 16673
Some of the specific topics of discussion included the following:

Roaring Spring, PA - Overview of handwriting pattern recognition systems
814.793.2377
•Kinematic approaches to signature analysis
Pittsburgh, PA
 • Mathematical approaches to signature complexity and stability
412.430.3887
- Endorsed by the following organizations:
Philadelphia, PA
 • German Research Centre for Artificial Intelligence (DFKI)
215.800.0120
• Netherlands Forensic Institute - Ministry of Security and Justice (NFI)
www.lesnevich.com • American Society of Questioned Document Examiners (ASQDE)

MIDWESTERN ASSOCIATION OF FORENSIC SCIENTISTS (MAFS) 


SKILLS 44TH ANNUAL MEETING
(Mackinac Island, Michigan - September 20-25, 2015)
Trials • Workshop: Forensic Examination of Electronic Signatures
Civil Litigation - (Instructed by William Flynn & Kathleen Annunziata Nicolaides)
Forensic Research • Workshop: Getting the Most Out of Your Visual Spectral Comparator
- (Instructed by David Tobin & Michael Zontini of Foster + Freeman USA)
Criminal Prosecution
• Workshop: The Examination of Documents Requiring a Multi-Faceted Approach
Criminal Investigations - (Instructed by Brian Lindblom)
Courtroom Demonstratives • Workshop: Evaluating Signatures: What Matters?
- (Instructed by A. Frank Hicks)
SERVIC E S • Workshop: The Application of Questioned Document Examinations to the Analysis of 

Valuable Signatures & Other Antiques

forensic consulting - (Instructed by Peter J. Belcastro, Jr. & Gregg Mokrzycki)

handwriting and 

signature analysis

electronic signature verification

Non-destructive ink, paper, 


and indentation analysis

forensic document examination

and authentication Khody R. Detwiler CV (October 2019) - Page 12 of 14
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KHODY R. DE T WILER
Forensic Document Examiner

C ONTAC T C ONTINUING EDUCATI ON continued

khody@lesnevich.com THE SOUTHWESTERN ASSOCIATION OF FORENSIC DOCUMENT EXAMINERS

(SWAFDE) ANNUAL MEETING
linkedin.com/in/ (Denver, Colorado - October 11-13, 2019)
khody-r-detwiler
• Workshop: A Behind the Scenes (and under the covers) Tour of PDF’s from Adobe’s
7550 Woodbury Pike
 PDF Architect
Roaring Spring, PA 16673
- (Instructed by Leonard Rosenthol of Adobe)
Roaring Spring, PA • Workshop: How Chemical Examinations of Inks and Paper Can Corroborate and
814.793.2377
Supplement Forensic Document Examinations
Pittsburgh, PA
 - (Instructed by Gerald M. LaPorte)
412.430.3887
• Workshop: Dispelling the Myths about the Forensic Examination of Handprinting
Philadelphia, PA
 - (Instructed by Lloyd Cunningham and Linton Mohammed)
215.800.0120

www.lesnevich.com INTERNATI ONA L EXPERIE NC E

SKILLS Since beginning my career in the field of Forensic Document Examination, I have conducted a
wide variety of forensic examinations on thousands of individual documents and signatures
involved in various litigations throughout the United States and abroad.  My international
Trials casework has required extensive travel throughout Europe, South America and the Middle East.
Civil Litigation In addition, I have also been retained on numerous international matters that have not required
international travel.
Forensic Research
Criminal Prosecution TE STIMONY EXPERIE NC E
Criminal Investigations
Courtroom Demonstratives
I have been received as an expert, and have presented expert evidence, on numerous occasions
in both state and federal courts throughout the United States, and internationally.  A complete
SERVIC E S testimony list is available upon request.

forensic consulting

handwriting and 

signature analysis

electronic signature verification

Non-destructive ink, paper, 


and indentation analysis

forensic document examination

and authentication Khody R. Detwiler CV (October 2019) - Page 13 of 14
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KHODY R. DE T WILER
Forensic Document Examiner

C ONTAC T PROFE SSI ONA L AFFILIATI ONS

khody@lesnevich.com INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR IDENTIFICATION (IAI) 


Regular Member
linkedin.com/in/
khody-r-detwiler AMERICAN ACADEMY OF FORENSIC SCIENCES (AAFS) 

7550 Woodbury Pike
 Associate Member
Roaring Spring, PA 16673
MID-ATLANTIC ASSOCIATION OF FORENSIC SCIENTISTS (MAAFS)
Roaring Spring, PA Regular Member | Currently Serving as Questioned Document Section Chair
814.793.2377
Pittsburgh, PA
 NORTHEASTERN ASSOCIATION OF FORENSIC SCIENTISTS (NEAFS) 

412.430.3887 Associate Member
Philadelphia, PA
 MIDWESTERN ASSOCIATION OF FORENSIC SCIENTISTS, INC. (MAFS) 

215.800.0120
Regular Member
www.lesnevich.com
ASTM INTERNATIONAL: COMMITTEE E30 - FORENSIC SCIENCE (ASTM) 

Voting Member
SKILLS AMERICAN SOCIETY OF QUESTIONED DOCUMENT EXAMINERS (ASQDE)

Provisional Member
Trials
AAFS AMERICAN STANDARDS BOARD (ASB)
Civil Litigation
Forensic Document Examination Consensus Body | Currently serving as Vice Chair
Forensic Research
Criminal Prosecution
Criminal Investigations
Courtroom Demonstratives

SERVIC E S

forensic consulting

handwriting and 

signature analysis

electronic signature verification

Non-destructive ink, paper, 


and indentation analysis

forensic document examination

and authentication Khody R. Detwiler CV (October 2019) - Page 14 of 14
Case 1:17-cr-00232-EGS Document 129-18 Filed 10/24/19 Page 24 of 29

EXHIBIT 2
THE (Q-1) NOTATIONS
Case 1:17-cr-00232-EGS Document 129-18 Filed 10/24/19 Page 25 of 29

DOJSCO-700021196
Case 1:17-cr-00232-EGS Document 129-18 Filed 10/24/19 Page 26 of 29

DOJSCO-700021197
Case 1:17-cr-00232-EGS Document 129-18 Filed 10/24/19 Page 27 of 29

DOJSCO-700021198
Case 1:17-cr-00232-EGS Document 129-18 Filed 10/24/19 Page 28 of 29

EXHIBIT 3
PRODUCT BROCHURE:
FOSTER + FREEMAN VSC®6000/HS
 Case 1:17-cr-00232-EGS Document 129-18 Filed 10/24/19 Page 29 of 29

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