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Nessus Guide Tutorial

Tenable Nessus guide

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
247 views31 pages

Nessus Guide Tutorial

Tenable Nessus guide

Uploaded by

Harini Priya
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 31

Nessus Professional Trial Guide

Last Updated: June 25, 2019


TOC

Introduction 3

Get Started 4

Install and Configure Nessus 6

Navigate Nessus 9

Settings 10

Scans 11

Create a Scan 12

Scan Templates 13

Example: Configure a Basic Network Scan 14

Scan Results 17

View Vulnerabilities 18

Create a Scan Report 20

Conclusion 22

References 23

Appendix: Installation Procedures 24

Install Nessus on Linux 25

Install Nessus on Mac OS X 26

Install Nessus on Windows 28

Copyright © 2019 Tenable, Inc. All rights reserved. Tenable, Tenable.io, Tenable Network Security, Nessus, SecurityCenter, SecurityCenter Continuous View and Log Correlation Engine are
registered trademarks of Tenable, Inc.. Tenable.sc, Lumin, Assure, and the Cyber Exposure Company are trademarks of Tenable, Inc. All other products or services are trademarks of their -2-
respective owners.
Introduction

Congratulations on starting your trial of Nessus Professional, the de-facto industry standard vul-
nerability assessment solution for security practitioners! Nessus Professional is the most com-
prehensive vulnerability assessment solution on the market today, designed to simplify assessments,
save time, and provide accurate visibility into your networks.

This guide will assist you to ensure you get the most out of your trial. This guide is intended to be a
starting point as you familiarize yourself with the interface, features, and capabilities of Nessus Pro-
fessional. For an in-depth guide into all the options available in Nessus Professional, see the full Nes-
sus User Guide.

Trial License vs Full License


During your Nessus Professional trial, you can try out some of the product’s functionality, including
conducting scans for up to 32 IP addresses and exporting reports. When you purchase the full Nessus
Professional license, you will unlock expanded functionality and additional features, including scan-
ning for unlimited IP addresses, scan scheduling, compliance and auditing tools, product support, and
more. You can explore all of the features available in Nessus Professional by checking out the inter-
active Nessus Professional demo.

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registered trademarks of Tenable, Inc.. Tenable.sc, Lumin, Assure, and the Cyber Exposure Company are trademarks of Tenable, Inc. All other products or services are trademarks of their -3-
respective owners.
Get Started

Trial Email
After signing up for a Nessus trial, you should receive an email with instructions for how to activate
your Tenable Community account. You will be prompted to create a log-in password and start your
trial.

If you have already successfully activated your Tenable Community account, you can navigate to your
Nessus trial management page. You should see your license key, as well as a link to Download Nes-
sus to Start Trial.

Download and Install Nessus


To download Nessus, click Download Nessus to Start Trial in your Tenable Community account
page or go directly to the Nessus downloads page: www.tenable.com/downloads/nessus.

There is a single Nessus package per operating system and processor. Download the appropriate pack-
age for your operating system.

Note: You cannot download a Nessus trial on a VMware Virtual Appliance.

Example Nessus package file names and descriptions

Nessus Packages Package Descriptions

Nessus-<version number>- Nessus <version number> for Windows 7, 8, and 10 - i386


Win32.msi

Nessus-<version number>- Nessus <version number> for Windows Server 2008, Server 2008
x64.msi R2*, Server 2012, Server 2012 R2, 7, 8, and 10 - x86-64

Nessus-<version number>- Nessus <version number> for Debian 6 and 7 / Kali Linux - AMD64
debian6_amd64.deb

Nessus-<version num- Nessus <version number> for Mac OS X 10.8, 10.9, and 10.10 - x86-
ber>.dmg 64

Nessus-<version number>- Nessus <version number> for Red Hat ES 6 / CentOS 6 / Oracle
es6.i386.rpm Linux 6 (including Unbreakable Enterprise Kernel) - i386

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registered trademarks of Tenable, Inc.. Tenable.sc, Lumin, Assure, and the Cyber Exposure Company are trademarks of Tenable, Inc. All other products or services are trademarks of their -4-
respective owners.
Nessus Packages Package Descriptions

Nessus-<version number>- Nessus <version number> for Fedora 20 and 21 - x86_64


fc20.x86_64.rpm

Nessus-<version number>- Nessus <version number> for SUSE 10.0 Enterprise - x86_64
suse10.x86_64.rpm

Nessus-<version number>- Nessus <version number> for Ubuntu 11.10, 12.04, 12.10, 13.04,
ubuntu1110_amd64.deb 13.10, and 14.04 - AMD64

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respective owners.
Install and Configure Nessus

Install Nessus
For information on requirements to install Nessus, see the following topics in the Nessus User Guide:

l Hardware Requirements

l Software Requirements

For instructions, see the Appendix in this document or see the Installation topics in the Nessus User
Guide.

Configure Nessus

Before You Begin


When you access Nessus in a web browser, a warning appears regarding a connection privacy prob-
lem, an untrusted site, an unsecure connection, or a related security certificate issue. This is expected
and normal behavior. Nessus provides a self-signed SSL certificate.

To configure Nessus:

1. On the Welcome to Nessus screen, select Nessus Professional.

2. Click Continue.

The Register Nessus screen appears.

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registered trademarks of Tenable, Inc.. Tenable.sc, Lumin, Assure, and the Cyber Exposure Company are trademarks of Tenable, Inc. All other products or services are trademarks of their -6-
respective owners.
3. Type your Activation Code.

The activation code is available on your Tenable Community account page.

4. Click Continue.

The Create a user account screen appears.

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registered trademarks of Tenable, Inc.. Tenable.sc, Lumin, Assure, and the Cyber Exposure Company are trademarks of Tenable, Inc. All other products or services are trademarks of their -7-
respective owners.
5. Create a Nessus administrator user account that you use to log in to Nessus:

a. In the Username box, enter a username.

b. In the Password box, enter a password for the user account.

6. Click Submit.

Nessus finishes the configuration process, which may take several minutes.

7. Using the administrator user account you created, Sign In to Nessus.

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respective owners.
Navigate Nessus

The top navigation bar displays links to the two main pages: Scans and Settings. You can perform all
Nessus primary tasks using these two pages. Click a page name to open the corresponding page.

Item Description

Toggles the Notifications box, which displays a list of noti-


fications, successful or unsuccessful login attempts, errors, and
system information generated by Nessus.

Username Displays a drop-down box with the following options: My


Account, What's New, Documentation, and Sign Out.

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respective owners.
Settings

The Settings page contains the information and settings related to your Nessus installation and
license.

For the purposes of your trial, you can leave most settings at their default value.

From the Settings page, you can do the following:

l View information such as the license expiration date and software version.

l (Optional) Configure proxy settings if you skipped it during initial configuration or need to
change the settings.

l Change your password.

l View scanner health.

For more information on configuring settings, see Settings in the Nessus User Guide.

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registered trademarks of Tenable, Inc.. Tenable.sc, Lumin, Assure, and the Cyber Exposure Company are trademarks of Tenable, Inc. All other products or services are trademarks of their - 10 -
respective owners.
Scans

On the Scans page, you can create, view, and manage scans and resources.

To access the Scans page, in the top navigation bar, click Scans. The left navigation bar displays the
Folders and Resources sections.

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registered trademarks of Tenable, Inc.. Tenable.sc, Lumin, Assure, and the Cyber Exposure Company are trademarks of Tenable, Inc. All other products or services are trademarks of their - 11 -
respective owners.
Create a Scan

1. In the top navigation bar, click Scans.

The My Scans page appears.

2. In the upper right corner, click the New Scan button.

The Scan Templates page appears.

3. Click the scan template that you want to use.

4. Configure the scan's settings.

5. If you want to launch the scan later, click the Save button.

The scan is saved.

-or-

If you want to launch the scan immediately, click the button, and then click Launch.

The scan is saved and launched.

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respective owners.
Scan Templates

Templates facilitate the creation of scans and policies.

The Nessus interface provides brief explanations of each template in the product. Some templates may
not be available during a trial and are available when you purchase a fully-licensed copy of Nessus Pro-
fessional. To see a full list of the types of templates that are available in Nessus, see Scan and Policy
Templates in the Nessus User Guide.

The template you choose determines what settings are configurable and how they can be set. For a
detailed explanation of scan settings, refer to Scan and Policy Settings in the Nessus User Guide.

A policy is a set of predefined configuration options related to performing a scan. After you create a
policy, you can select it as a template in the User Defined tab when you create a scan. For more inform-
ation, see Create a Policy in the Nessus User Guide.

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respective owners.
Example: Configure a Basic Network Scan

For your trial period, Tenable recommends using the Basic Network Scan template. This template
has several default settings preconfigured, which allows you to quickly perform your first scan and
view results without a lot of effort. This example walks you through configuring a basic network scan.

1. Configure Basic settings section.

The following table describes the Basic settings:

Setting Description

Name The name of the scan or policy. The name appears in the Nessus interface.

Description (Optional) A description of the scan or policy.

Folder The folder where the scan appears after you save it.

Targets Specifies one or more targets to be scanned. If you select a target group or
upload a targets file, you are not required to specify additional targets.

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respective owners.
Note: For your trial period, you can scan up to 32 targets total. A fully-
licensed installation of Nessus Professional allows you to scan an unlimited
number of targets.

2. Configure remaining settings.

Although you can leave the remaining settings at their preconfigured defaults, Tenable recom-
mends reviewing the Discovery, Assessment, Report, and Advanced settings to ensure that
they are appropriate for your environment.

For more information, see the Scan Settings documentation in the Nessus User Guide.

3. (Optional) Configure credentials.

To configure Credentials for a scan, click the Credentials tab.

This allows credentialed scans to run, which can result in much more complete results and a
more thorough evaluation of the vulnerabilities in your environment.

4. Launch scan.

After you have configured all your settings, save and launch the scan.

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registered trademarks of Tenable, Inc.. Tenable.sc, Lumin, Assure, and the Cyber Exposure Company are trademarks of Tenable, Inc. All other products or services are trademarks of their - 15 -
respective owners.
The time it takes to complete a scan involves many factors such as network speed and con-
gestion, so the scan may take some time to run.

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registered trademarks of Tenable, Inc.. Tenable.sc, Lumin, Assure, and the Cyber Exposure Company are trademarks of Tenable, Inc. All other products or services are trademarks of their - 16 -
respective owners.
Scan Results

You can view scan results to help you understand your organization’s security posture and vul-
nerabilities. Color-coded indicators and customizable viewing options allow you to customize how you
view your scan’s data.

You can view scan results in one of several views:

Page Description

Hosts Displays all scanned targets.

Vulnerabilities Lists identified vulnerabilities, sorted by severity.

Remediations If the scan's results include Remediation information, this list displays sug-
gested remediations that address the highest number of vulnerabilities.

Notes Displays additional information about the scan and the scan’s results.

History Displays a listing of scans: Start Time, End Time, and the Scan Statuses.

Viewing scan results by vulnerabilities gives you a view into potential risks on your assets.

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registered trademarks of Tenable, Inc.. Tenable.sc, Lumin, Assure, and the Cyber Exposure Company are trademarks of Tenable, Inc. All other products or services are trademarks of their - 17 -
respective owners.
View Vulnerabilities

You can view vulnerabilities found by a scan, or vulnerabilities found on a specific host by a scan.
When you drill down on a vulnerability, you can view information such as plugin details, description,
solution, output, risk information, vulnerability information, and reference information.

To view vulnerabilities:

1. In the top navigation bar, click Scans.

The My Scans page appears.

2. Click the scan for which you want to view vulnerabilities.


The scan's results page appears.

3. Do one of the following:

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registered trademarks of Tenable, Inc.. Tenable.sc, Lumin, Assure, and the Cyber Exposure Company are trademarks of Tenable, Inc. All other products or services are trademarks of their - 18 -
respective owners.
l Click a specific host to view vulnerabilities found on that host.

l Click the Vulnerabilities tab to view all vulnerabilities.

The Vulnerabilities tab appears.

4. (Optional) To sort the vulnerabilities, click an attribute in the table header row to sort by that
attribute.

5. To view details for the vulnerability, click the vulnerability row.


The vulnerability details page appears, displaying plugin information and output for each
instance on a host.

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respective owners.
Create a Scan Report

You can create a scan report to help you analyze the vulnerabilities and suggested remediations on
affected hosts. You can create a scan report in PDF, HTML, or CSV format, and customize it to contain
only certain information.

When you create a scan report, it includes the results that are currently visible on your scan results
page. You can also select certain hosts or vulnerabilities to further narrow your report.

To export a scan in Nessus or Nessus DB format, which allows you to import the scan into another Nes-
sus instance or Tenable product, see Export a Scan in the Nessus User Guide.

To create a scan report:

1. In the top navigation bar, click Scans.

The My Scans page appears.

2. Click a scan.
The scan's results page appears.

3. (Optional) To create a scan report that includes specific scan results, do the following:
l Search to narrow your scan results.

l Use filters to narrow your scan results.

4. In the upper-right corner, click Report.

5. From the drop-down box, select the format in which you want to export the scan results.

6. Configure the report for your selected format:

CSV
a. Select the check boxes for the columns you want to appear in the CSV report.

Note:  To select all columns, click Select All. To clear all columns, click Clear. To reset
columns to the system default, click System.

b. (Optional) To save your current configuration as the default for CSV reports, select the
Save as default check box.

c. Click Generate Report.

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registered trademarks of Tenable, Inc.. Tenable.sc, Lumin, Assure, and the Cyber Exposure Company are trademarks of Tenable, Inc. All other products or services are trademarks of their - 20 -
respective owners.
Nessus creates the scan report.

HTML or PDF
Do one of the following:

l Create a high-level summary scan report:

a. Select Executive Summary.

b. Click Generate Report.

Nessus creates the scan report.

l Create a custom scan report:

a. Select Custom.

b. Configure the following settings:


l Data — Select Vulnerabilities Remediations to include that information in
the report.

l Group Vulnerabilities By — From the drop-down box, select whether vul-


nerabilities should be grouped by Host or Plugin.

l If you group by Host, select whether to include Scan Information and


Host Information.

l If your report includes Vulnerabilities, select the Vulnerabilities Details that


you want to include. If a vulnerability does not have available data for the
details you selected, Nessus omits it for that result.

l Formatting Options (PDF only) — Select whether to Include page breaks


between vulnerability results.

c. (Optional) To save your current configuration as the default for HTML reports, select
the Save as default check box.

d. Click Generate Report.

Nessus creates the scan report.

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registered trademarks of Tenable, Inc.. Tenable.sc, Lumin, Assure, and the Cyber Exposure Company are trademarks of Tenable, Inc. All other products or services are trademarks of their - 21 -
respective owners.
Conclusion

By following these simple steps, you now have a foundation to begin your exploration into Nessus Pro-
fessional. Trusted by millions of security professionals worldwide, Nessus Professional is the
industry’s most widely deployed vulnerability assessment solution.

To continue scanning after your trial period ends and unlock additional features, purchase a Nessus
Professional license. You can buy from your Tenable Community account page, or through a Tenable
partner.

Purchasing directly from your Tenable Community page unlocks your current build to a 365-day, full
license subscription with no need to obtain another activation code.

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registered trademarks of Tenable, Inc.. Tenable.sc, Lumin, Assure, and the Cyber Exposure Company are trademarks of Tenable, Inc. All other products or services are trademarks of their - 22 -
respective owners.
References

For more information, see the following pages:

l Nessus Professional Product Information

l Nessus Documentation

l Nessus User Guide

l Nessus Release Notes

l Interactive Nessus Professional Demo

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registered trademarks of Tenable, Inc.. Tenable.sc, Lumin, Assure, and the Cyber Exposure Company are trademarks of Tenable, Inc. All other products or services are trademarks of their - 23 -
respective owners.
Appendix: Installation Procedures

To install Nessus on your operating system, see the following procedures:

l Install Nessus on Linux

l Install Nessus on Mac OS X

l Install Nessus on Windows

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registered trademarks of Tenable, Inc.. Tenable.sc, Lumin, Assure, and the Cyber Exposure Company are trademarks of Tenable, Inc. All other products or services are trademarks of their - 24 -
respective owners.
Install Nessus on Linux

Use Commands to Install Nessus


From a command prompt, run the Nessus install command specific to your operating system.

Example Nessus Install Commands

Red Hat version 6


# rpm -ivh Nessus-<version number>-es6.x86_64.rpm

Debian version 6
# dpkg -i Nessus-<version number>-debian6_amd64.deb

FreeBSD version 10
# pkg add Nessus-<version number>-fbsd10-amd64.txz

Start the Nessus Daemon


From a command prompt, restart the nessusd daemon.

Example Nessus Daemon Start Commands

Red Hat, CentOS, Oracle Linux, Fedora, SUSE, FreeBSD


# service nessusd start

Debian/Kali and Ubuntu


# /etc/init.d/nessusd start

Perform the remaining configuration steps in your web browser.

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respective owners.
Install Nessus on Mac OS X

Extract the Nessus files


Double-click the Nessus-<version number>.dmg file.

Start Nessus Installation


Double-click Install Nessus.pkg.

Complete the Tenable, Inc. Nessus Server Install


When the installation begins, the Install Tenable, Inc. Nessus Server screen will be displayed and
provides an interactive navigation menu.

Introduction
The Welcome to the Tenable, Inc. Nessus Server Installer window provides general information
about the Nessus installation.

1. Read the installer information.

2. To begin, select the Continue button.

License
1. On the Software License Agreement screen, read the terms of the Tenable, Inc. Nessus soft-
ware license and subscription agreement.

2. OPTIONAL: To retain a copy of the license agreement, select Print or Save.

3. Next, select the Continue button.

4. To continue installing Nessus, select the Agree button, otherwise, select the Disagree button to
quit and exit.

Installation Type
On the Standard Install on <DriveName> screen, choose one of the following options:

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respective owners.
l Select the Change Install Location button.

l Select the Install button to continue using the default installation location.

Installation
When the Preparing for installation screen appears, you will be prompted for a username and pass-
word.

1. Enter the Name and Password of an administrator account or the root user account.

2. On the Ready to Install the Program screen, select the Install button.

Next, the Installing Tenable, Inc. Nessus screen will be displayed and a Status indication bar will
illustrate the remaining installation progress. The process may take several minutes.

Summary
When the installation is complete, the The installation was successful screen appears.

After the installation completes, select Close.

Perform the remaining configuration steps in your web browser.

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respective owners.
Install Nessus on Windows

Start Nessus Installation


1. Navigate to the folder where you downloaded the Nessus installer.

2. Next, double-click the file name to start the installation process.

Complete the Windows InstallShield Wizard


1. First, the Welcome to the InstallShield Wizard for Tenable, Inc. Nessus screen appears.
Select Next to continue.

2. On the License Agreement screen, read the terms of the Tenable, Inc. Nessus software license
and subscription agreement. 

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respective owners.
3. Select I accept the terms of the license agreement, then click Next.

4. On the Destination Folder screen, select the Next button to accept the default installation
folder. Otherwise, select the Change button to install Nessus to a different folder.

5. On the Ready to Install the Program screen, select the Install button.

The Installing Tenable, Inc. Nessus screen will be displayed and a Status indication bar will illus-
trate the installation progress. The process may take several minutes.

If presented, Install WinPcap


As part of the Nessus installation process, WinPcap needs to be installed. If WinPcap was previously
installed as part of another network application, the following steps will not appear, and you will con-
tinue with the installation of Nessus.

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respective owners.
1. On the Welcome to the WinPcap Setup Wizard screen, select the Next button.

2. On the WinPcap License Agreement screen, read the terms of the license agreement, and
then select the I Agree button to continue.

3. On the WinPcap Installation options screen, ensure that the Automatically start the WinP-
cap driver at boot time option is checked, and then select the Install button.

4. On the Completing the WinPcap Setup Wizard screen, select the Finish button.
TheTenable Nessus InstallShield Wizard Completed screen appears.

5. Select the Finish button.

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respective owners.
After the InstallShield Wizard completes, the Welcome to Nessus page loads in your default
browser.

Perform the remaining configuration steps in your web browser.

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respective owners.

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