Appendix

Table A-1 Asphalt Institute’s Equivalent Axle Load Factors

Axle load (Lb) Single Axle Tandem Axles Tridem Axles

1000 0.00002
2000 0.00018
3000 0.00072
4000 0.00209
5000 0.00500
6000 0.01043
7000 0.01960
8000 0.03430
9000 0.05620
10000 0.08770 0.00688 0.002
11000 0.13110 0.01008 0.002
12000 0.18900 0.01440 0.003
13000 0.26400 0.01990 0.005
14000 0.36000 0.02700 0.006
15000 0.47800 0.03600 0.008
16000 0.62300 0.04720 0.011
17000 0.79600 0.06080 0.014
18000 1.00000 0.07730 0.017
19000 1.24000 0.09710 0.022
20000 1.51000 0.12060 0.027
21000 1.83000 0.14800 0.033
22000 2.18000 0.18000 0.040
23000 2.58000 0.21700 0.048
24000 3.03000 0.26000 0.057
25000 3.53000 0.30800 0.067
26000 4.09000 0.36400 0.080
27000 4.71000 0.42600 0.093
28000 5.39000 0.49500 0.109
29000 6.14000 0.57200 0.126
30000 6.97000 0.65800 0.145
31000 7.88000 0.75300 0.167
32000 8.88000 0.85700 0.191

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33000 9.98000 0.97100 0.217

34000 11.1800 1.09500 0.246
35000 12.5000 1.23000 0.278
36000 13.9300 1.38000 0.313
37000 15.5000 1.53000 0.352
38000 17.2000 1.70000 0.393
39000 19.0600 1.89000 0.438
40000 21.0800 2.08000 0.487
41000 23.2700 2.29000 0.540
42000 25.6400 2.51000 0.597
43000 28.2200 2.76000 0.658
44000 31.0000 3.00000 0.723
45000 34.0000 3.27000 0.793
46000 37.2400 3.55000 0.868
47000 40.7400 3.85000 0.948
48000 44.5000 4.17000 1.033
49000 48.5400 4.51000 1.120
50000 52.8800 4.86000 1.220
51000 5.23000 1.320
52000 5.63000 1.430
53000 6.04000 1.540
54000 6.47000 1.660
55000 6.93000 1.780
56000 7.41000 1.910
57000 7.92000 2.050
58000 8.45000 2.200
59000 9.01000 2.350
60000 9.59000 2.510
61000 10.2000 2.670
62000 10.8400 2.850
63000 11.5200 3.030
64000 12.22000 3.220
65000 12.96000 3.410
66000 13.73000 3.620

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67000 14.54000 3.830

68000 15.38000 4.050
69000 16.26000 4.280
70000 17.19000 4.520
71000 18.15000 4.770
72000 19.16000 5.030
73000 20.22000 5.290
74000 21.32000 5.570
75000 22.47000 5.860
76000 23.66000 6.150
77000 24.91000 6.460
78000 26.22000 6.780
79000 27.58000 7.110
80000 28.99000 7.450

Equation:
EALF =A +B×
( AL ) +C ×
( AL ) 2 +D×
( AL ) 3 +E ×
( Al ) 4 ...............................( A −
1)

Coefficient A B C D E
Single Axle 0.176000 -0.000100 1.28E-8 -4.55E-13 1.33E-17
Tandem Axles 0.598814 -8.43E-05 3.56E-09 -4.94E-14 9.18E-19
Tridem Axles -0.09 1.65E-05 -9.53E-10 2.12E-14 3.59E-20

Figure A-1 Relation between

Axle load and EALF

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Table (A-8) Standard Normal Deviates for various of Reliability

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R (%) Standard Normal deviates (ZR)

50 000
60 -0.253
70 -0.524
75 -0.674
80 -0.841
85 -1.037
90 -1.282
91 -1.340
92 -1.405
93 -1.476
94 -1.555
95 -1.645
96 -1.751
97 -1.881
98 -2.054
99 -2.327
99.9 -3.090
99.99 -3.750

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Temperature Adjustment Factor

1.4

1.3

1.2
Temperature Adjustment Factor

1.1

0.9

0.8

0.7

0.6

0.5

0.4
30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120
AC mix temperature 0 F

Figure A-2 Temperature

100 Adjustment Factor
Appendix

Equations:
For Asphalt Concrete surface = 2 in:
Tf =−0.004T +
1.2786.......( R 2 =0.9973).......................... A −2

For Asphalt Concrete surface = 4 in:

Tf =−0.0068T +
1.4704.......( R 2 =0.9988).......................... A −3

For Asphalt Concrete surface = 8 in:

Tf =−0.0093T +
1.6174.......( R 2 =0.9996)................... ....... A −4

For Asphalt Concrete surface = 12 in:

Tf =−0.0108T +
1.7075.......( R 2 =0.9996).......................... A −5

101