1MAK 512 0O3-BEN

Page 1
November 1995
" Changed since March 1992
Replaces IMDBI2005-EN
Data subject lo change wilhoul nolice
ABB Network Partner

Features

.Automatic calibration unit is included

.For test of distance, frequency, directional, .No additional instruments are required
current/voltage relays, differential relays .Provided with test plug and contacts for
with harmonics, synchronizing relay banana plugs
.Simple to use for manual testing .Optional software disturbance simulator is
.High-speed automatic testing possible to include

Application FREJA is a unique relay te$t system primarily general display panel is available where the
intended for field testing. It is therefore built up ampl.itude and phase angle for each current
as a complete portable work station that is and voltage is controlled manually.
easy to transport. FREJA combines a compu-
For test of a relay's performance to harmonics
ter with a test unit for m~nual and automatic
there is an extended general display available
testing. The test unit is controlled by a portable there the fundamental voltage and/or current
personal computer. No additional instruments
can be superimposed by two harmonics. Dis-
are needed for testing or for test planning. plays are also available for test of frequency,
FREJA can be used for the testing of most types synchrocheck and synchronizing relays.
of relays. The test system provides three voltage When used for manual testing the test system
and three current outputs that can be controlled
operates as a conventionai test set, but is
indlvidually or controlled with respect to each much easier and faster to use.
other. The test system is supplied from a single-
phase source, 1151230 V aG, 50/60 Hz. The oUt- The controls of a normal instrument panel are
put quantities of the test system are independent presented on the PC display, i.e. with a dis-
of the supply source, e.g. the test system can give play panel. When testing a distance protec-
out voltages with 16 2/3 Hz or 60 Hz frequency tian. the applied fault impedance is shown in
even when supplied from ~50 Hz source. an impedance diagram on the display. The
test quantities can be varied and observed
Display panels for the- simulation of different
directly in the impedance diagram presented
fypes of faults are prepared for distance relays. as an oscilloscope screen.
For the testing of simpler types of relays such
as overcurrent, voltageand directional relays a

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ABB Network Partner FREJA RTS 21 D
Computer aided test system

~-~- --
Application (cont'd) The test system provides network models for entered into the diagram. These reference
simulating different types of faults, L 1-N, L2- graphs may be saved for later use, e.g. prepa-
N"L3-~, L 1-L?, ~2-L3,L3-L 1and L 1-L2-L3. ration of test plans for automatic testing. It is
"'" FREJA calculates the fmpedance and the fault also possfble to. priht out the screen conterits.
$~ impedance correspondi~g !O the app!ie~ cur- The fastest and easiest way to test a distance
c; r~nts and voltages and Indlcates these In the protection is of course by using fully automated

;ii, ~Iagram. Actual values of current, v?ltage and testing. The FREJA test system has been

I
Impedance are also shown on the display. designed to make the test planning as easy as

The impedance can be varied by turning a possible and is adapted to common test routines.
knob on the f~ont. of the FREJA. The direction No large and complicated test programs for
qt.movement IS erther rectangular, lr or lx, or different types of protections are needed.
polar, Il! or l0. FREJA works with one test plan for each

There are four different conditions available: device to be tested, which makes the test
"open" , "prefaulf', "faulty" , and "faulty/auto plans small ,and uncomplicated. The test sys-
open". "Prefaulf' signifies the line, in service, tern is supplied with examples of test plans
"faulty" the fault impedance and "open" a dis- and these are easily modified by the test engi-
connected line with zero voltage and current. neer without any actual programming.

I~ position "faulty/auto open" t~.e output$ w~lI.be Test plans are prepared on the personal com-
~Isconnected ~hen the condl~lon of the digital puter supplied with FREJA or on any other
Inputs
shows are
the fulfllled.
"faulty" The
state. oscllloscope
The output scr.~en
quantltles compatible computer available in your offi ce .

""",";(#,(;",;; for the "pr~f?~/(' state C?Q ge changed frQm Tb~ pr~cedutefor PF,eparing a test plan can be
:;; "~::c,~~'" thedefaultvalues, ifSQ required. å$10IlQws:

,
,c:'
", "'i\ci.f:
;-,;ci':" _
,,~g'
c~;1c IrJtl\\iswa y a "faul ty " im p eda ,ncecanb"selected
r,'f(-'.
1.Tr~.Je.laycha!~cterlsttcIS determlned
""
byAhe
t;",!"!,,,,;.,,::,,:!..';, on the display and then Itis'PQssible to jump tQ use of whtrlwtnd testing, as described
:' this point from a "prefaulf' or an "open" state at a ~bove,or taken from the relay manual

"'B
:Fl', :"'-."
'i~i'

"""C,yC
c!\",,"C"""""-,~,.,'C,",",'
~;i'~&r

:'?,ii.!'"""I/;.P"'i!i
","'..;1.'11"",,;;,t!j.'i~~;c~: the
a jump to or from "faultY" is inltiåt~d.The timer
stops when the digital input signals are a. the resistiveblinder is defined as a line
recorded as specified (DI goal). from one impedance point to another
point i.e. from (5.8,-0.7) to (7.8,9.4).
The display contents or a complete report stat-
ing the set-up configuration and the results for b. the circle is defined as a segment from
all fault cases in tables and diagram plots can one point to another point via a point on
be printed out after completing the test. the circle i.e. from (1.7, 10.2) to (0,0) via
(-4.4,5.1).
The manual display panel also provides a com-
puter-aided manual testing mode, the whirl- c. the reactive blinder is defined in the
wind. Computers can do the same task many same way as the resistive blinder i.e.
times without being bored. This forms the basis from (1.7,10.2) to (7.8, 9.4).
for the whirlwind method where faulty imped- d. The directionalline is defined as from
anGe points are introduced in a spiral or whirl- ,(0,0) to (5.8,-0.7).
wind fashion from the centre of the impedance Up to 64 different graph segments can be
diagram and outward until the complete dia-
defined in the form, which means that charac-
gram is filled. Relay operation is marked for the teristics for any type of distance protections can
different zones with different characters and be constructed. The graphs that can be made
cD/Durs. This gives a very good picture of the
are lines and circles and combinations of these.
relay operating characteristic. If needed, the
impedance range can be changed and another 3. The impedance points to be tested are
whirlwind test be made so that higher precision entered in the test plan. These can be in
is obtained around the operating limits. numerical values or by the use of formulas,
i.e.X = Xset-%(tolerance).
The whirlwind method is very useful when In this way a complete test plan is built up.
there is not enough time to prepare an auto- The test plan is easily modified for relays with
matiG test or if the characteristic of the tested
different setti~gs.
relay is not known. Tests for time measurement can also be
After a whirlwind scan the characteristicof each included in the test plan.
zone can be defined and referenc.e graphs
consisting of lines and circle segments can be
ABB Network Partner FREJA RTS 21 D 1 MAK 512 aa3-BEN
Computer aided test system Page 3

Fig. 1 Manual display panel Fig. 2 Whirlwind testing

Rg. 3 The Test Plan Editor (TPE) provides a nel-\-;simple way to

create test plans for automatic testing. No programming is
needed. You indicate right on the screen how the tests are
to be conducted. As a result you can, for ex ample, meas-
ure zone limits for different distance relays easily and with-
out using a tailor-made test plan. TPE is included as part of
FREJAs standard software.

It is very easy to execute the automatic test. outer limit and operation should occur on the inner
The test system starts up directly when limit. Between each test point the injected quanti-
switched on and information on how to connect ties represent a "prefaulf' condition in order to
the relay to be tested is shown on the display. reset the relay between test shots. This also ena-
bles the timers to be connected during the test.
No setlings on the relay have to be changed;
the test is made with the timers for zone 2, 3 With the highway testing, a complete test of a
and the start zone connected. The test is exe- four zone distance protection is done in less
cuted by pressing a function key, as indicated than ten minutes, including the time for con-
in the menu on the display. necting the object to the test system. The high-
way test performed on the protection shown in
Test results can be printed out in the field or at
the illustration below used 40 test points and
a later time, as they are automatically stored in
had a running time of 66 seconds.
the memory.
The test results of a highway test are pre-
The fastest way to make a complete automatic test
sented in the form of plats, where the tested
is to use the highway technique. Highway testing
points are marked and tabulated, with numeri-
is based on the fact that all relays have a defined
cal values for all tested points.
characteristics with given tolerances. To determine
that the relay operates correctly a number of test The highway test can be combined with
points are placed on the characteristic values. "ramped measurement" e.g. decreasing the
plus the tolerance and minus the tolerance impedance until the protection operates.
respectively. No operation should occur on the
Application (cont'd) A highway test is made first, in order to verify The display shows the amplitude and phase
that the relay operates within the specified lim- angle of all six current and voltages. By mov-
its. A ramped measurement of the operating ing the cursor, esch one of the quantities can
values is then made, with starting values on be vari ed by turning 1he controi knob or by
the outer limit of the highway test; as we
inserting values from the keyboard. In this way
already know that the operating values are fixed values can be given to eleven of the
inside this limit. In this way the normally slow quantfties while the twelfth is bei.ng varied.
ramped measurement method is speeded up
When testfng, e.g. a single-phase dJrectfonal
considerably, as a much smaller impedance
overcurrent relay, two of the voltages and two
segment need be ramped.
of the currents are set to zero. The third voltage
Test results of a highway and ramped meas- is given fixed values for amplitude and phase
urement test are presented in forms of plots angle as weil as phase anglefor the third cur-
were the actual operating value is indicated rent. The amplitude for the current is then var-
and in a table with numerical values. The ied untfl operation occurs. The actual current
tables show the starting values and/or the 1s given in anumerical value, below the "ruler".
actual operating value.
Time measurement can be made by selectfng
Reports are made on paper on the printer, either a "faultY" conditfon and then with a functfon
in the field or at a later occasion. The amount of
key activatfng the generators which initiate
data to be presented can be determined by the time measurement. The timer stops when the
test engineer preparing the test plans. trip signal is recorded by FREJA. In this way
Test plans and test results are stored on dis- the operatfng characteristfc for e.g. inverse
kettes. These are then used as a reference tYpes of relays, can be recorded.
during following routine rests made on the All measuring instruments should be cali-
same relay, so that results can easily be com- brated regularly as the components are sub-
pared. The diskettes are elsa very useful as a ject to changes due to temperature variatfons
basis for statistical reports for a region, sub- and ageing. FREJA is supplied with a unit that
station or type of relay protection.
automatfcaJly calibrates the test system which
FREJA software can elsa be installed on a means that it is never necessary to sen d in the
separate PC for test planning in the office with- test system itself for calibratfon.
out the use of FREJA generation part. The calibration unit consists of a small case with pre-
When testing simple types of relays $uch as cision components. When connected to the test
overcurrent, voltage and directional relays the plug on the FREJA front panel the test system is
"general" display panel is used. automatically calibrated in less than two minutes.
Calibration is initfated by the test
engineer in the field whenever
required. We recommend to per-
formance of an automatfc cali-
bratfon whenever the test
system has been exposed to
temperature changes larger
than z10°C.
The calibratfon units qre inter-
changeable so that any FREJA
can be calibrated by any unit
and when the calibratfon unit
might be at the laboratory the
test system will still maintain high
accuracy for months.
As the components in the calibra-
tions unit are extremely stable, this
unit does not need to be calibrated
more often than every second year.
The components are easily
checked in a test laboratory with
the sid of a high-performance multi-
meter.

Fig. 4 Highway testing

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FREJA RTS 21 D 1 MAK 512 0O3-BEN
Computer aided test system Page 5

The following test display panels are included FREJA SIM Disturbance Simulator
in FREJA: FREJA SIM disturbance simulator is used to evalu-
General ate protective relay equipment and chart its per-
The general display is used for test of current-, formance when a main disturbance occur.
voltage- and directional relays in manual mode. Information on diskettes from disturbance record-
Timer is included and relays for 162/3 Hz, 50 Hz ers comtrade format. simulation programs (EMTP)
or 60 Hz can be tested. and network simulations are used as input for gen-
eration of the waveform to the amplifiers in FREJA
FREJA Test Plans
Ready-to-use test plans for a number of distance
relays are prepared. In a copy of these test plans
is it easy to include actual settings for the distance
relay to be tested and the test plan is ready to use.
FREJA is supplied in two parts:
The hard transport cases function as work-
benche. The cases are supplied with wheels
so that it is easy to move the test system in the
substation. FREJA itself is supplied with han-
dies. The optional Laptop and printer are deIiv-
ered in an aluminium transport case having a
metallining that protects against disturbances.
Current Amplifier CA 1. CA 1 H (New)
Current Amplifier CA 1, which enhances FREJA
RTS21 performance, is used when you need
higher current and power:
CA 1 can provide an output current of up to 60
Fig. 5 General display panel Arms (560 VA). If you need even higher current,
two or more current amplifiers can be con-
Extended general nected i paralIeI, thus bringing the output cur-
From this display it is possible to set up a rent up to 180 Arms (1680 VA). CA 1is a single-
prefault and faulty three-phase system within
phase current amplifier; but current in two or
the frequency range 15-65 Hz. Voltage, cur- more phases can be amplified by using a sep-
rent phase angle or frequency can be ramped arate CA 1 for each phase.
individual or together. Two harmonics for each
generator is freely selectable to be superim- CA 1 can also be used in situations where more
posed to the fundamental frequency. Dc-volt- current generators are needed than three built
age can also be generated. Timer is included. into FREJA. Since CA1 can be controlled by
both current and voltage, it can be connected
Three-phase impedance to one of FREJA s voltage generators. The
This display is used for test of distance relays number of current generators can thus be
in manual or the semiautomatic whirlwind increased to six, and they can be used for test-
mode. Timer and report facilities are included. ing differential relay protection equipment.
Can supply 162/3 Hz, 50 Hz or 60 Hz.
The new Current Amplifier CA 1H is used when
l, U or I versus time you need higher current and power: The CA 1H
This display can be used for semiautomatic time provides higher voltage (30 Vy, and can provide
measurement of impedance voltage or current currents ranging up to 20 Arms (at 30 ~ 6(XJ VA).
relays. Tests can be made in a sequence: open, Since the voltage can be as high as 40 Vat a cur-
healthy, faulty test values with either 162/3 Hz, 50 rent of 2 A, the CA 1H can be used to test all known
Hz or 60 Hz. Report facilities is included. high-bur den relays. Case dimensions have been
Frequency versus time changed to make this unit easier to carry;
Display for test of frequency relays there the fre-
quency can be increased automatic and the
time is measured. Report facilities are included.

Synchrocheck
This is a display that can be used for test of
synchronizing/syncrocheck relays. Amplitude,
phase angle and frequency for two voltage
generators can be set independently. Voltage,
frequency limits can be measured as weil as
lead times and pulse length and cycles of
pulses from the regulating functions for voltage
and frequency. Report facilities are included.
ABB Network Partner 1MRK 512 0O3-BEN
Page 6

Table 2: Current output

Ranges --.c
3-phase 1-phase (paralIei) i 1-phase (phase-phase) ~
10A(4,5V)45VA 3OA(4,5V) 135 VA .c 10A(10V) 100 VA
2,4 A (9,5 V) 23 VA 7,2 A (9,5 V) 68 VA .[ 2,4 A (21 V) 50 VA I
0,24 A (9,5 V) 2 VA 0,72 A (9,5 V) 7 VA I 0,24 A (21 V) 5 VA
Resistive Joad, max 2% distortion ---

An external current amplifier (Externat Current Amplifier CA 1) with 60 A, 600 VA, is available as an option.
Range
3OA
t~~~~:=:=.
10A -,T~
'! O 001 A
, ...
.c
0,0001 A
-~

ABB Network Partner 1 MRK 512 0O3-BEN

Page 7

Table 9: Vohage supply

-~ -l--rrs or ~ V ac~O%. ~ctab~ange- ~
L Single phase-
Table 10:Weight
I Instrument only I 22,5 kg + 17,8 kg -I
Table 11 : Dimensions
L Instru~ent onlr -~ ~ 275 x 440 x 240 and 575 x 440 x 115 mm

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~~ansp~~
ABB Network Partner FREJA RTS 21 D 1 MRK 512 0O3-BEN
Computer aided test system Page 8

Ordering Specify:
eQuantity
eOrdering number

Description Ordering No.

FREJA RTS 21 D English 1 MAK 000 884-M
Swedish 1 MAK 000 884-BA
German 1MAK 000 884-CA
French 1 MAK 000 884-DA
Ordering number for FREJA ATS 21 D Includes software and calibration box

Optional accessories
Current amplifier CA 1 RK 912 006-AA
CA1H 1MRK 000 885-AA

Transport case for FREJA RTS 210: Hard transport case, upper unit 1MRK 000 886-AA
Hard transport case, lower unit 1MRK 000 886-BA
Soft transport case, upp~runit"
~
1MRK 000 886-CA
Soft transport case, low~~nit . 1MRK 000 886-DA

Transport case for Current Amplifier: 1MRK 000 886-EA

Hard transport case, CA1H, CA1

Portable computer:
ABB has a number of different types of portable computers from which
you can choose. Contact your ABB representative for more information.

Computer cage with printer:

This cage includes a printer (but no computer). this cage is suitable for those
who use their own computers.
(Dimensions: 510 x 390 x 120 mm (20" x 15,3" x 4.7"). Weight: 7,5 kg (16,51bs) 1 MAK 000 886-FA

FREJA cable model 1:

Shortens hook-up time considerably. Consists of a multi-pol e connecter that connects
to FREJA RTS21 and a number of banana plugg that connect to the protective relay
equipment that is to be tested. RK 912 01D-AA

Disturbance simulator program FREJA SIM:

Software package that converts FREJA RTS21 to a simulator. On request

GPIB program for FREJA:

This extra software converts FREJAto a GPIB instrument (English version) On request

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References Test system COMBITEST 1MRK 512001-BEN