CAR SHOWROOM MANAGEMENT SYSTEM 2019

CHAPTER-01

INTRODUCTION

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1. Introduction

 1.1 Detail of project

Our project car showroom management system includes managing the details of cars,
customers, employees, and storing the details into the system in a computerised way.

The modern industrial world is very much advanced in technology and the competition in the
world is intense.

The management system has been developed to override the problems prevailing in the
practicing manual system.

This software is supported to eliminate and in some cases reduce the hardships faced by the
existing system; moreover this management system is designed for the particular need to
carry out operations in a smooth and efffective manner. This kind of system reduces as much
as possible type of errors while inserting the data. Every organization, whether big
organization or small organization, has challenged to overcome all the loop holes of its
management system.

This is designed to assist in strategic planning, and will help you ensure that your
organization is equipped with the right level of informationand details for your future goals.
Also for those busy executives who are always on the go, our system comes with remote
access features, which will allow you to manage your workforce anytime, at all times.

This kind of management system will ultimately allow you to manage the resources in a
better way.

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 Features of the project

 It provides error message while entering invalid data.

 No formal knowledge is needed for the user to operate this kind of management
system.
 Thus it is a user friendly management system.
 This system reduces the manual work and the number of employees.
 This system automates the complete management process included in car showroom;
a systematic approach is required to manage all thedetails regarding customers,
employees and related car details.

 1.2 Overview of project

 This project is related to car showroom management system.

 The facilities available in this project are as mentioned below:

 Maintaining records of the customers

 Maintaining car details of the car showroom
 Maintaining records of bookings
 Maintaining records of payments
 Maintaining records of car services
 Maintaining records of car test drive
 Providing the payment details to customer
 Provding back up data as per the management system requirement
 Maintaining employee details

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 Specifications of project

 In this project the collection of data is from different car companies.

 Result of purchase and sales is automatically updated in the database.
 The car services details, car registration details, car model details are updated to
te database automatically.
 The administrator can search a cutomer‟s record by entering the customer ID.
 Related sales reports are stored into the database.

 Objective

 The main objective of this project of car showroom management is to manage

the details regarding buying and selling cars by the customers, employee
details.
 The project is totally built at administrative end and thus the administrator is
guaranteed the access.
 It keeps track of all the details related to users, customers, employees and
cars.
 To keep the document or records and other valuable information safely so as
to prvent unauthorized access to the information.
 To minimize the cost of manpower and also reduce the paper work which
leads to the wastage of time for the organization.
 To provide with accurate and precised information to the users of this
management system.
 To make the management available with updated reports about the products
available in the car showroom.
 To give the details and also provide with the solutions to the queries that are
asked by the system timely.
 To do the processing of the management system faster and help in decision
making.

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 1.3 Advantages of the project

 The main services that this project provides are as follows

 It maintains all the records related to all the cars that are available
 The administrator can easily retrieve the data
 It is efficient and faster when it comes to accessing the information
 It maintains a list of different categories thus retrieval of data becomes much
easier
 It is reliable and provides the user with data security
 The records the are maintained by the management can be edited easily
 It provides the users with a quality service
 Easy access to the data
 Maintains records of data entry of the stock
 Can be used by anyone without any prior knowledge
 Maitains every detail related to the cars available in the showroom
 Maintains only efficient and reliable information for the users

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Chapter-02
Literature Survey

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2.1 Overview of Visual Basic 6.0

Visual basic is a powerful application development tool, it is a Microsoft windows

programming language. Visual basic run time tap into win32 API and MFC libraries to
implement its functionality. Visual basic uses different data types and stores differently when
compared to C++and C.

Visual basic is a high-level language which evolved from the earlier DOS version called
BASIC. Visual refers to creating a GUI (graphical user interface) applications, it enables the
rapid application development of GUI application access to the database using Data Access
Objects or ActiveX Data Objects or creation of Active X control and Objects, scripting
language such as VB script

Visual programming environment is used for developing windows application as well as web
applications. VB is a EVENT DRIVEN because end users may click on a certain object
randomly, so each object has to be programmed independently to response to those actions or
events (which means that procedures are called automatically when the end user clicks the
mouse, move the objects on the screen etc.), Visual programming environment automates the
process of creating a user interface. The interface provided by the visual programming
environment to the programmer is called visual interface.

Visual basic helps in developing complicated applications very quickly. Visual basic is not
only a programming language but also GUI. Visual basic has ability to develop programs that
can be used as front-end application to database system. it allows the programmer to create
good graphical programs with less coding, unlike the other language.

VB is used to develop applications in a number of different fields like: -

• EDUCATION
• MEDICINES
• RESEARCH
• SCIENCE
• MARKETING

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2.2 Introduction to visual basic 6.0

VISUAL: Refer to the methods used to create the graphical user interface (GUI) by using
pre-built objects provided by VB.

Basic: Refer to the basic language used to as its basic syntax of statements.
Visual basic evolved from BASIC language which was developed by Professors John
Kemeny and Thomas Kurtz of Dartmouth college in 1960s.since 1991, 6 version have been
released with vb6.0 released in 1998.basic is a high level language which evolved from the
earlier DOS version called BASIC. Visual refers to creating a graphical user interface. It
enables the rapid application development of GUI application access to the database.

Editions of visual basic namely :-

Visual basic standard edition: - It is the introductory edition that helps to create windows
applications.

Visual basic enterprise edition: - It is the most advanced and it is aimed to programmers
who build distributed applications in a team environment.
Visual basic profession edition: The tools like visual source safe, automation component
manager and remote data base connectivity.

Application creating in VB 6.0: -

 STANDARD EXE.
 ACTIVE X EXE, ACTIVE X DLL.
 ACTIVE X CONTROL.
 VB APPLICATION WIZARD, VB WIZARD MANAGER.
 ACTIVE DOCUMENT EXE, ACTIVE X DOCUMENT.
 ADD-IN.
 DHTML APPLICATIONS.
 IIS APPLICATIONS.
 VB ENTERPRISE EDITION CONTROL.
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Objective Of VB6.0:-

 VB is GUI used to create interactive applications.

 It is a simple language.
 It supports IDE (Integrated development environment) as multiple projects can be
opened.
 Quick response to the mouse and keyboard action.
 Handles fixed and dynamic variable control arrays.
 Allows data base integration with wide variety of applications.
 Package and development wizard makes distributed application simple.
 Data environment designer for data connectivity.
 Dynamic HTML page designer.
 Drag and drop creation of data bound forms and reports.
 Bookmarks can be replaced for quick search.
 Break point can be toggled using the mouse.
 Controls can be aligned and can be formatted.
 Properties window can be made to list the property alphabetically or categorized.

Advantages: -

 Visual development of GUI which are simple and easy to use, easy to learn.
 Programmers need not write code to display the required component.
 The component can be moved, resized or even deleted if required.
 There is no restriction on the number of controls that can be placed in a form.
 The interface provided by the visual basic programming environment has some inbuilt
code.

2.3 INTRODUCTION TO ORACLE

Oracle is the name of the database management that comes from Oracle Corporation. All
data of the database are stored in Table spaces, which can be viewed as logical disks. Each
table space is made of one or more physical disks, and can have sizes from megabytes to
terabytes.

Oracle uses a set of standard table spaces, including the system table space. When Oracle
stores its own internal information for example temporary storage, etc. Only the table space

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with the actual name, system, is found right after database creation, other table spaces,
including some system related ones, and is created subsequently.

FEATURES OF ORACLE:
 Server manageability.
 Network management.
 Storage management.
 Space, Object transaction management.
 Backup recovery management.
 Flexibility in data modelling.
 Easy for accessing data.
 Reduce data storage and redundancy.
 Independent of physical storage and logical data design.
 It has wide level data manipulation language (SQL).
 Deferred writing at commits to improve transaction performance.
 Security and control.
 Reduce down time for application and database upgrades.
 Each table is an independent entity and there is no physical relationship between
tables.
 It eliminates all parent-child relationships and instead represented all data in the
database as simple row/column tables of data values.
 Security and control.
 It has a rollback command for recreating the database to its most recent safe point.
Grant and revoke limits access to information down to row and column level. Views
are valuable features for limiting access to the primary tackles in the database.
 Professional ORACLE starts the DBMS (Database Management System) in the
extended memory, so more main memory is available for other applications.
 Relational model of data management is based on set theory. Built-in query language
is designed in the RDBMS, so that it can manipulate sets of data (one or more tuples).

2.4 DATABASE CONNECTIVITY

REMOTE DATA OBJECTS(RDO):

Remote Data Objects (RDO) connects to databases using ODBC. You set up ODBC (open
database connectivity) connection to databases using the ODBC item in the Window Control
Panel, and then use one of those connections with RDO objects. The Remote Data Objects
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are designed in parallel with the data access objects, for example the database engine is RDO
Engine instead of DB engine, Record sets have become RDO Result sets, table Def‟s became
RDO Tables, Workspaces became RDO Environments, field objects became RDO
Column,and so on. Although the names have changed, the command set is very similar to
DAO.
Although Microsoft intends ADO to supersede RDO, many programmers will use RDO
for some time to come. In this chapter, we will take a look at RDO with the remote data
control.

DATA ACCESS OBJECTS (DAO)

When visual basic first started working with databases, it used the MICROSOFT JET
DATABASE ENGINE, which is what Microsoft Access uses. Using the jet engine
represented a considerable advance for visual basics, because now you could work with all
kinds of data formats in the fields of database; text, numbers, integers, longs, singles,
doubles, dates, binary values, OLE objects, currency values, Boolean values, and even memo
objects (up to 1.2GB of text). The jet engine also supports SQL which database programmers
found attractive.
To support the jet database engine, Microsoft added the data control to visual basics, and you
can use the control to open jet database (.mdb files).
Microsoft also added an asset of data access objects (DAO) to visual basics:-

• DB Engine – The jet database engine.

• Workspace – An area can hold one or more databases.
• Database – a collection of tables.
• Table Def – The definition of a table.
• Query Def – The definition of a query.
• Record set – The set of record that make up the result of a query.
• Field – A column in a table.
• Index – An ordered list of records.

DAO (DATA ACCESS OBJECTS): -

With the DAO data control, you can move around in a database from recent to record. This
control lets you bind and display data in bound controls, and displays a set of set of arrow
buttons the user can manipulate to move through the database.

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The attraction of using DAO data control is that you can perform many data access
operations without writing code. Data-bound controls automatically display data from one or
more fields for the current record, and the data control performs all operation on the current
record. If the DAO Data control is made to move a different records, all bound controls
automatically pass any changes to the data control to be saved in the database. The DAO
data control moves to the requested record and passes back data from current record to the
bound controls, and the bound controls display that data.

ACTIVE X DATA OBJECTS (ADO): -

The ADO data control is similar to the data control and the records data control. The ADO
data control is designed to create a connection to a database using Microsoft Active X Data
objects (ADO). At design time, you create a connection by setting the Connection String
property to a valid connection string, and then set the record source property to a statement
appropriate to the database manager.
You can also set the connection string property to the name of a file that defines
connection (the file is generated by a data link dialog box, which appears when you click
connection string on the properties window and then click either build or select). You then
connect the ADO data control such as the data grid, data combo, or data list control by setting
its DATASOURCE property to the ADO data control.
Select PROJECT from the main menu, and then click COMPONENTS. The components
window will appear. Select MICROSOFT ADO DATA CONTROL, and then click OK. The
control will be added to your toolbox.

DATA CONTROL PROPERTIES: -

• ALIGN - Determines where data control is displayed.

• CAPTION - Phrase displayed on the data control.
• CONNECTIONSTRING - Contains the information used to establish a connection
to a database.
• RECORDSET - A set of records defined by a data control‟s connection string and
record source properties. (in runtime only).
• RECORDSOURCE - Determines the table (or virtual table) the data control is
attached too.

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CHAPTER-03

SYSTEM ANALYSIS

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System Analysis

 3.1 Existing System

 In the existing system of car showroom mangement, the details regarding the
management quota are stored manually.
 This kind of system provides no direct role for the higher officials.
 In this type of sytem, the procedure to maintain the details of the management is highly
complicated.
 This existing system of management is very time consuming and requires man power;
all the work is done on paper.
 The whole session is stored in register and at the end of the session the reports are
generated.
 Thus we are not interested in generating report in the middle of the session organization
as per the requirement because it takes more time in calculations.
 The existing sytem only provides text based interface which is not user friendly as the
graphical user interface.
 Since the system is implemented in manual the response is very slow.

 Disadvantages of the existing system:

 Not user friendly :

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The existing system is not user friendly because the retrieval of the
data is very slow and the maintainance of the data is not done in an
efficient manner.

 Difficulty in report generating :

We require more calculations to generate the report so it is generated

at the end of the session.

 Manual control :

All calculations are carried out manually and the maintainance of the
data is manual thus there is greater chance of errors.

 Lots of paper work :

The present existing system requires lots of paper work. Loss of even
a single register or record will lead to difficult situations beacause all
papers are needed to generate the report.

 Time consuming :

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Since all the management work is done manually we cannot generate

the report in the middle of the session organization as per the
requirement and thus it consumes a lot of time.

 3.2 Proposed system

The aim of the proposed system is to develop a system of better and improvised
facilities.
The proposed system can overcome all the limitations of the existing system and it
also provides proper security and reduces the manual work.

The following are the qualities of the proposed system,

 Minimum time required for all the various processing.

 Greater efficiency.
 It is reliable.
 No loss of data.
 No manual data entry is required.
 Security of data and thus there is no loss of data.
 User friendly and more interactive.
 Data accuracy.
 Ensures data security to the user.
 Proper control of the administrator.
 Minimum time is required to operate.

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The proposed system has the following requirements,

o System needs to store information of every new entry of car sold and purchased by
the customer.
o System needs to help the internal staff to keep the information of the sales and find
them as per the queries.
o System needs to maintain quantity record.
o System needs to update and maintain recods.
o System needs to keep record of customers.
o System needs to keep record of employees.
o Sytem needs to keep records and details related to all cars.
o System needs to update and delete the records.
o It needs a security system to prevent data loss.
o System needs a search area.

 3.2.1 The advantages of the proposed system

 User friendly:

The software of car showroom management system has a very user friendly
interface.

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The user feels easy to work on iti. The software provides accuracy along with
a pleasant interface.
The retrieval and the storing of information is fast and data is maintained in an
efficient manner.

 Reports are generated easily:

Reports can be easily generated in the proposed system so the user can
generate the report as per the requirement organization in the middle of the
session.

 Paper work not required:

Moreover work becomes very less and fast because there is no need to keep
data on papers.
All the data is stored on the computer and reports are generated through
computers.

 Computer operator control:

Computer operator control will be there so there is no chance of errors.

Moreover storing and retrieving of informaton.

 Enhancement:

The main objective of car showroom management system is to enhance and

upgrade the eisting system by increasing its efficiency and effectiveness.

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The software improves the working methods by replacing the existing manual
system with computer based system.

 Automation:

The car showroom management system automates each and every activity of
the maual sytem and increases the throughput.
Thus, the reponse time of the system is very less and it works very fast.

 Accuracy:

This system provides the user with a quick response with very accurate
information regarding the users.
It proivdes any deatails in an accurate manner as and when required.

 Maintainance:

It reduces the cost of maintainance.

 No redundancy:

In the proposed sytem utmost care is taken that the information is not repeated
anywhere in the storage.

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This would ensure economic use of storage space and consistency in the data
stored.

 Protected:

Data is protected with the help of login sytem.

Thus any unauthorized person cannot access the data.

 3.3 Analysis

Analysis is a process of gathering and interpreting facts, diagonising problems and the
infromation about the car showroom management to recommend improvements on the
system

It is a problem solving activity that requires intenive communication between the syste m
users and the sytem developers.

 3.3.1 System Analysis

System analysis or study is an important phase of any system development process. The
system is studieed to the minutest detail and analysed. The system analyst plays the role of
the interrogator and dwells deep into the working of the present system.

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The system is viewed as a whole an the input to the system are identified. The outputs from
the organizations are traced to the various processess. System analysis is concerned with
becoming aware of the problem, identifying the relevnt and decisional variables, analyzing
and synthesizing the vaious factors and determining an optimal organization atleast a
satisfactory solution organization program of action.

A detailed study of the process must be made by various techniques like interviews and
questionnaires. The data collected by these sources must be srutinized to arrive at the
conclusion.

The conclusion is an understanding of how the system functions. Now the existing system is
subjected to case study and and problem areas are identified.

The designer now functions as a problem solver and tries to sort out the difficulties that the
enterprise faces. The solutions are given as proposals.

The proposal is then weighed with the existing system analytically and then the best one is
selected.

The proposal is presented to the user for an endorsement by the user. The proposal is
reviewed on user request and suitable changes are made.

This is the loop that ends as soon as the user is satisfied with proposal.

Preliminary study is the processof gathering and interpreting facts using the information for
further studies on the system.

Preliminary study is a problem solving activity that requires intensive communication

between the sytem users and system developers. It does various feasability studies.

In these studies a rough figures of the system activity can be obtained, from which the
decision about the strategies to be followed for effective system study, and analysis to be
taken.

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 3.3.2 Feasability study

All projects are feasible given unlimited resources and infinite time. Study and analyzing all
the existing organization required funtionalities of the system.

Feasability study includes considerationof all the posible ways to providea solution to the
given problem.

The proposed system must satisfy all the user requiements and should be flexible enough so
that the future changes can be easily donebased on the future upcoming requirements.

 3.3.2.1 Operational feasability

The proposed system is fully graphical user interface based that is very user friendly a nd all
inputs to be taken are all self explanatory even to a layman.

 Easy retrieval can be done in this system

 No special courses are required for an operator to operate the system.
 One operator is enough to operate, instead of many.

 3.3.2.1 Economic feasibility

This is a very important aspect to be considered. We decide the technology

based on minimum possible cost factor.

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Overall we have estimated that the benefits the organization is going to recieve
from the proposed system will surely overcome the initial costs and later on
running cost for system.

 All the hardware and software cost has to be borne by the organization.
 It reduces the cost of manual records by replacing it with the electronic system.
 It needs any one operator to operate instead of a group of employees.
 It costs initial investment but later it needs only proper maintainance.

 3.3.2.2 Technical feasibility

This includes study of functions, performance and constraints that may affect the ability to
achieve an acceptable system.

For this feasibility study, we studied complete functionality to be provided in the system, as
described in the system requirements specification, and checked if everything was possible
using different front end and back end.

The specifying equipmemts and software will successfully satisfy the user.

 Front-end and Back-end selection

An important issue for the development of the project is the selection of suitable front end
and back end.

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When we decided to develop the project, we went through an extensive study of determining
the most suitable platform that suits the needs of the organization as well as helps in the
development of the project.

The aspects of our study included the following aspects:

 Front-end selection

 It must have a graphical user interface that assists employees that are not from IT
background.
 Scalability and entensibility.
 Flexibility.
 Robustneess.
 According to the oragnization‟s requirement and culture.
 Must provide excellent reporting features with good printing support.
 Platform independent.
 Easy to debug and maintain.
 Event driven programming facility.
 Front end must support some popular back end like MS Access.

According to the above stated features we have selected VB 6.0 as the front end for
developing the project.

 Back-end selection

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 Mutiple user support.

 Efficient data hndling.
 Provides inherent features of security.
 Efficient retrieval of data and maintainance.
 Popularity.
 Stored procedures.
 Operating system compatibility.
 Easy to install.
 Various drivers must be available.

 3.3.2.3 Economic feasibility

This included the study of function, performance and constraints that may affect the ability to
achieve an acceptable system.

For this feasability study, we studied complete funtionality to be provided in the system, as
described in the system requirement specifications and checked if everything was possible
using different type of front end and backend platform.

 Data is secured as any unauthorized user cannot retrieve the data.

 Data can be stored for a longer period of time in the secondary storage.
 We can generate the reports and when it is required by the administrator.

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CHAPTER-04
Software Requirements
And Specification

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4.1 Introduction:

A system requirement specification, A requirement specification for a software system, is a

description of the behaviour of a system to be developed and may include a set of uses that
describe interaction the user will have with the software. At present the system satisfy most
of the function of „CAR SHOWROOM MANAGEMENT SYSTEM‟. This project is especially
designed for CAR SHOWROOM MANAGEMENT SYSTEM to take appropriate step to improve
the working standard and documentation through computerization. Since our system is going
to be implemented as the application of “CAR SHOWROOM MANAGEMENT SYSTEM” on VB
6.0 as frontend and ORACLE as backend tool, so it will help better for both user as well as
developer.
This project has been developed in keeping in view of requirement of renting selling
computers. As far as my projects cover all important details of information for computer sales
and services, therefore in future it will help to gather such information about the computer
sales and services.

4.2 Overview of the system:-

The SRS document contains the complete software requirements for the CAR SHOWROOM
MANAGEMENT SYSTEM and describes the design decisions, architectural design and the
detailed design needed to implement the system. It provides the visibility in the design and
provides the information needed for software support.
 The user should be able to select either all of the initial set of databases or select a
subset from it.
 The system should provide appropriate users to view the products.
 Every order should be allocated a unique identifier (ORDER ID) which the user shall
be able to copy the accounts permanent storage.
 It should provide complete customer details.
 The admin and employee should be able to generate bill for the customers.
 Providing the old stocks as well as new stock details to the organization.
 Our project provides security to access the details of customer and admin.
 After the product has been sold appropriate stock details must be manipulated.

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Modules:

 Super Admin:
 Admin is responsible for managing stocks.
 Checking bill details of previously generated bills.
 Categorizing products into different categories.
 Managing admin.
 Adding a new admin and employees.
 Providing ID‟s and passwords.
 Removing an admin and employee.
 Checking data reports.
 Permission to respective admins.
 Booking test drives.
 Booking car services.

 Admin:
 Adding employees and customers.
 Removing employees and customers.
 Adding and updating stock.
 Booking cars.
 Making payments.
 Generating bills.
 Booking test drives.
 Booking car services.

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 Employee:

 Employee is responsible for managing stocks.

 Generating bills.
 Adding customer details.
 Generating bills.
 Booking test drives.
 Booking car services.

4.3 Functional and Non-functional Requirements:

4.3.1 Functional requirements

This provides the functional overview of the system. The project will require the VB.6.0 as
frontend and ORACLE 11G as the backend.
Various functional modules that can be implemented by the system will be:
 Registration of new customers.

 Login.

 Viewing of different customer details.

 Calculating the bills for sales and services.

 Regeneration of new password if in case the customer forgets his/her password

 Overall billing.

o Registration:
Any new Employee can register him/herself by submitting their details.

o Login:
The authenticated user can login by submitting acceptable username and password.

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o Product details:
It contains fully detailed information about cars and it‟s features like speed and
comfortable.

o Calculating the bill:

The customer can calculate the bill by entering the product details.

o Regeneration of password:
If a user forgets his/her password, the system allows them to regenerate a new
password by entering their registered phone number.

o Overall bill:
After customer has selected the type and required car, the bill is generated for the
customer.

o Generate reports:
The admin and employee can generate the reports.

4.3.2 Non-Functional Requirements:

o Security:
The registration details must be accessible to only authenticated Employee and
Admin. It should require pin for entry to a new environment.

o Reliability:
The application should be highly reliable and it should generate all the updated
information in correct order.

o Availability:

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Any information about the cars should be quickly available from any computer to the
authorized user.
o Maintainability:
The application should be maintained in such a manner that if any new requirement
occurs then it should be easily incorporated in an individual module.

o Portability:
The application should be portable on any window‟s based system. It should not be
machine specific.

4.4 Domain requirements:

Domain requirements reflect the environment in which the system operates. Domain
requirements may be expressed using specialised domain terminology or reference to domain
concepts. It is important because they often reflect fundamentals of the application domain.
This requirements means that the developers must be familiar with that standard to ensure
that they do not violate it. It constrains both the design of the device and the development
process.

4.5 System requirements:

Hardware Requirements:

Processor: i3, i5 and above.

Ram: 1GB
Disk Space: 500MB and above.

Software Requirements:

Operating system: Windows XP, Windows 7, Windows 8, and above.

Databases: Oracle 11g.
Application: Visual Basics 6.0.

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Chapter-05
System Design

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5.1 Introduction:
One of the most interesting, and most difficult, of the tasks that we may undertake in
our careers as engineers or computer scientists is the design o anentire system. System is a
set of interacting parts, generally too large to be built by a single person, created for some
particular purpose. We work with systems all the time. The operating systems that control our
machines are systems. The layers of hardware and software that allow the programs on these
machines to interact with each other over a network are systems, even most applications that
we use are systems, whether we know it or not. As engineers, we know that the way to solve
a large problem is to break it into a set of interacting smaller problems. Each of these smaller
problems can then be decomposed into even smaller problems, until after enough iteration we
have a problem that can be solved on its own. Each decomposition gives us a set of
components, and deciding what those components are and how they fit together is the activity
of system design.

Iterative Model:

Iterative process starts with a simple implementation of a subset of the software requirements
and iteratively enhances the evolving versions until the full system is implemented. At each
iteration, design modifications are made and new functional capabilities are added. The basic
idea behind this method is to develop a system through repeated cycles (iterative) and in
smaller portions at a time (incremental). Our project is based on Itrative model:

Principle phases:

Like other SDLC models, Iterative and incremental development has some specific
applications in the software industry. This model is most often used in the following
scenarios −

 Requirements of the complete system are clearly defined and understood.

 Major requirements must be defined; however, some functionalities or requested

enhancements may evolve with time.

 There is a time to the market constraint.

 A new technology is being used and is being learnt by the development team while
working on the project.

 Resources with needed skill sets are not available and are planned to be used on
contract basis for specific iterations.

 There are some high-risk features and goals which may change in the future.

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Iterative Model

5.2 Context level diagram:

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5.3 Dataflow Diagram:

Data Flow Diagram is a way of expressing system requirements in a graphical form. A DFD
also known as bubble chart shows the flow of data through a system and also the movement
of data through the different transformations or processes in the system
Data flow diagrams (DFD) are commonly used during problem analysis. DFD‟s are very
useful in understanding a system and can be effectively used for partitioning during analysis.
In a typical DFD the processes are shown by named circles, named arrows entering or leaving
the bubbles represent data flows, and a rectangle represents a source or sink.

The basic symbols used to draw a DFD are shown below:

Source of destination

Process

Data flow

Data source

Duplicate external entity

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Data storage

Input/output

Physical data flow

Logical data flow

Multiple processes

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5.3 Data flow diagram

Data Flow Diagram level 1:

LOGIN

ADMIN DATABASE
SALE
S

PURCHAS
E

STOCK

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Data Flow Diagram level 2:

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5.4 ER-diagram:

ENTITY RELATIONSHIP DIAGRAM (E-R MODEL) :

An Entity-Relationship model is an abstract way to describe a database. It usually starts

with a relational database, which stores data in tables. Some of the data in these tables
points to the data in same tables and also points to the data in the other tables.

The following is the E-R model:

Symbols Name

Entity Class

Weak Entity Class

Relationship Type

Identifying relationship type

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Attribute

Key Attribute

Discrimination (partial key)

attribute

Multi valued attribute

Derived attribute

Composite Attribute

No more than one related

1 entity

Many (zero or more) related

M entities

At least I but not more than j

i, j related entities

Must participate in the

relationship

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The following is the ER-Diagram for “MED-SYS”:-

5.5 Normalization

Normalization:
Database normalization is the process of removing redundant data from the tables to improve
storage efficiency, data integrity, and scalability. In the relational model, methods exist for
qualifying how efficient a database is. These classifications are called normal forms (or NF),
and there are algorithms for converting a given database between them. Normalization
generally involves splitting existing tables into multiple ones, which must be re-joined or
linked each time a query is issued.

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First Normal Form (1NF):

It states that the domain of an attribute must include only atomic values and that the
value of any attribute in a tuple must be a single value from the domain of that attribute. 1NF
disallows “relations within relations”. The only values permitted by 1NF are single atomic
values.

• First Normal form sets the very basic rules for an organized database.
• Eliminates duplicative columns from the same table.

• Creates separate tables for each group of related data and identity.
• Each row with unique column or set of columns (The primary key).

1 NF:

A table is in 1 NF if:
 There are no duplicate rows in a relation.
 Each data value stored is single valued.
 Entities in the column are of same type.

Consider the following example

ORDER ID PRODUCT NAME
76001 TATA, FORD
76002 FORD, MAHINDRA
76003 TATA, RENAULT
76004 RENAULT, MAHINDRA

Rule 1:

A column with atomic data cannot have several values of same type in it. In the above
table there are multiple values for item name value, this can be overcome by creating
multiple columns for multiple values.

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ORDER ID PRODUCT NAME 1 PRODUCT NAME 2

1001 TATA FORD
1002 FORD MAHINDRA
1003 TATA RENAULT
1004 RENAULT MAHINDRA

It satisfies rule 1 but the table is not in 1 NF

Rule 2

A table with atomic data cannot have multiple columns with same type of data.
ORDER ID PRODUCT NAME
1001 TATA
1001 FORD
1002 FORD
1002 MAHINDRA
1003 TATA
1003 RENAULT
1004 RENAULT
1004 MAHINDRA

Second Normal Form (2NF):

A table is in 2NF if & only if it is in 1NF and every non-key attribute is fully
functionally dependent on the whole of the primary key.
Tables are said to be in 2NF when

• The tables meet the criteria for 1NF.

• If the primary key is a composite of attributes (contains multiple columns), the non-
key attributes (columns) must depend on the whole key.
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Any table with a primary key that is composed of a single attribute (column) is
automatically in 2NF.
• Our project supports both 1NF and 2NF.

• The primary key in our project is “CUSTOMER ID “

2 NF:

A table is in 2 NF if it is in 1 NF and every non-key attribute is fully functionally dependent

on each candidate key of the relation i.e., every non-key column depends on the key but
not on the subset of key.

Consider the following example:

ORDER ID CUSTOMER CUSTOMER PRODUCT PRICE

ID NAME NAME

76001 7201 PUNEET TATA 3,69,50000.00

76002 7249 HUDA MAHINDRA 3,49,45000.00
76003 7209 ZAFAR FORD 1,20,45000.00
76004 7306 ZAKIR RENAULT 1,10,25000.00

PRODUCT ID PRODUCT NAME PRICE

T101 TATA 3,69,50000.00
M101 MAHINDRA 3,49,45000.00
F101 FORD 1,20,45000.00
R101 RENAULT 1,10,25000.00

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ORDER ID CUSTOMER ID CUSTOMER

NAME
76001 7201 PUNEET
76002 7249 HUDA
76003 7209 ZAFAR
76004 7306 ZAKIR

CUSTOMER ID CUSTOMER
NAME
7201 PUNEET
7249 HUDA
7209 ZAFAR
7306 ZAKIR

5.6 Table Structure:

 Login Details:

FIELD NAME DATATYPE SIZE

User Type Vachar2 50
User ID Varchar2 10
Password Varchar2 50

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 Customer Details:

Field name Datatype Size

Customer ID Varchar2 10
Customer name Varchar2 30
Address Varchar2 80
Mobile no Number 10
Email ID Varchar2 30
Date Of Birth Varchar2 20
Gender Varchar2 10

 Product details:
Field name Datatype Size
Car ID Varchar2 10
Car Type Varchar2 30
Car Model Varchar2 20
Price Number 20

 Test Drive Details:

Field name Datatype Size

TDID Varchar2 20
Customer ID Varchar2 30
Car Type Varchar2 20
Car Model Varchar2 20
Test Date Varchar2 20
Booking Date Varchar2 20

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 Admin Details:
Field name Datatype Size
First Name Varchar2 30
Last Name Varchar2 30
Address Varchar2 80
Mobile no Number 10
Email ID Varchar2 30
Date Of Birth Varchar2 20
Gender Varchar2 10
User ID Varchar2 10
Password Varchar2 20

 Employee Details:

Field name Datatype Size

First Name Varchar2 30
Last Name Varchar2 30
Address Varchar2 80
Mobile no Number 10
Email ID Varchar2 30
Date Of Birth Varchar2 20
Gender Varchar2 10
User ID Varchar2 20
Password Varchar2 20

 Car Service Details:

Field name Datatype Size

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Service ID Varchar2 20
Customer ID Varchar2 30
Reg No Varchar2 20
Car Type Varchar2 20
Car Model Varchar2 20
Test Date Varchar2 20
Service Type Varchar2 20
Booking Date Varchar2 20

 Booking Details:

Field name Datatype Size

Order ID Varchar2 20
Customer ID Varchar2 20
Car ID Varchar2 30
Car Type Varchar2 30
Car Model Varchar2 30
Car Price Varchar2 20
Booking Date Varchar2 20

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