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Ucsp GRP 3

Society consists of interconnected social groups and relationships between individuals who share culture and institutions. There are two main types of groups - primary groups with close personal ties like family, and secondary groups with more impersonal, task-oriented relationships like coworkers. Reference groups are those we compare ourselves to regardless of membership, influencing our norms and behaviors. Social networks connect individuals through various social connections ranging from casual to close.

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7K views4 pages

Ucsp GRP 3

Society consists of interconnected social groups and relationships between individuals who share culture and institutions. There are two main types of groups - primary groups with close personal ties like family, and secondary groups with more impersonal, task-oriented relationships like coworkers. Reference groups are those we compare ourselves to regardless of membership, influencing our norms and behaviors. Social networks connect individuals through various social connections ranging from casual to close.

Uploaded by

nanisore ee
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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[[SOCIETY]]

Society includes the totality of social org. and the complex network of interconnected, interdependent,
and over lapping social relationships.

-It is a large social grouping whose members share the same geographical territory and are subj. to the
political authority and dominant cultural expectations

-And it is organized into groups by patterns of relationships (social relations) between individuals who
share a distinctive culture and institutions.

THERE ARE DIFFERENT TYPES OF GROUPS WITHIN A SOCIETY:

[[PRIMARY AND SECONDARY]]

Primary Groups

-this is a small and characterized by close, personal, and intimate relationships that last a long time,
maybe a lifetime. And the members typically include family, childhood friends, romantic partners, highly
influential social groups and members of religious groups.

-The ties that bind the relationships in primary groups are made up of love, caring, concern, loyalty, and
support. They are influential in the development of values, norms, morals, beliefs, worldview, and
everyday behaviors and practices of all members of the group.

Secondary groups

-it comprise relatively impersonal and temporary relationships that are goal- or task-oriented and are
often found in employment or educational settings. Secondary groups are functional groups created to
carry out a task or achieve a goal.

-common examples include coworkers in an employment setting or students, teachers, and


administrators and small groups in an educational setting.
• So, a secondary group does not exercise a primary influence over its members because they do not
live in the presence and thoughts of one another. The average member plays a passive role, and the
warmth of the relationships in primary groups is missing.

[[ASPECTS OF PRIMARY AND SECONDARY GROUP]]

1. size and Equality

2. Relationship and communications among members

3. Goals and memberships

4. Group structure and members statuses and roles

5. Influence to members and nature of group control

[IN & OUT GRPS]

In-Groups

- it is a group to which one belongs and with which one feels a sense of identity. While Out-groups is a
group to which one does not belong and to which he or she may feel a sense of competitiveness or
hostility.

In sociology and social psychology, an ingroup, is a social group to which a person psychologically
identifies as being a member.

By contrast, an outgroup is a social group to which an individual does not identify. For example, people
may find it psychologically meaningful to view themselves according to their race, culture, gender or
religion. It has been found that the psychological membership of social groups and categories is
associated with a wide variety of phenomena.
[REFERENCE GROUPS]

- reference group is a collection of people that we use as a standard of comparison for ourselves
regardless of whether we are part of that group. We rely on reference groups to understand social
norms, which then shape our values, ideas, behavior, and appearance. This means that we also use
them to evaluate the relative worth, desirability, or appropriateness of these things.

The concept of a reference group is one of the most basic of sociology. Sociologists believe that our
relationship to groups and to society at large shapes our individual thoughts and behaviors. How we
relate to reference groups is central to how social groups and society exert social force on us as
individuals.

There are 2 types of Reference Groups, first is the

1. Normative- it includes individuals or group that you directly interact with that influence your norms,
attitude, values, and behaviour.

2. Comparative- these are people such as celebrities and heroes whom we aspire to be like.

[[NETWORK GROUPS]]

- Network society is the expression coined in 1991 related to the social, political, economic and cultural
changes caused by the spread of networked, digital information and communications technologies.

*SOCIAL NETWORKS*

- A social network is a social structure between actors, connecting them through various social
familiarities.
- A social network is a social structure between actors, either individuals or organizations. It indicates
the ways in which they are connected through various social familiarities, ranging from casual
acquaintance to close familial bonds. The study of social networks is called both “social network
analysis” and “social network theory. ”

- The network can also be used to determine the social capital of individual actors. In sociology, social
capital is the expected collective or economic benefits derived from the preferential treatment and
cooperation between individuals and groups.

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