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Mid Term Articles

1. The document discusses several physics concepts including interference, diffraction gratings, fiber optics, and Newton's rings. 2. Specific derivations and calculations are presented for numerical aperture, fringe patterns, grating element size, resolving power, and dark/bright ring diameters. 3. Applications of various phenomena such as determining wavelength and refractive index are also summarized.

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Rajat Gulati
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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
483 views1 page

Mid Term Articles

1. The document discusses several physics concepts including interference, diffraction gratings, fiber optics, and Newton's rings. 2. Specific derivations and calculations are presented for numerical aperture, fringe patterns, grating element size, resolving power, and dark/bright ring diameters. 3. Applications of various phenomena such as determining wavelength and refractive index are also summarized.

Uploaded by

Rajat Gulati
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Physics: Articles

1. Discuss condition of sustained interference as well as spatial and temporal coherency.


2. Derive Numerical Aperture (NA). Discuss the types and applications of fibre optics.
3. Derive the condition of path difference in wedge shaped film.
4. Derive expression of Deviation and Displacement method of 2d in Fresnel biprism.
5. Derive expression of diameter of dark and bright fringes in Newton’s ring experiment.
6. Discuss the application of Newton’s ring (i.e. determination of wavelength and refractive index of
transparent liquid).
7. Discuss the Intensity pattern of secondary maxima in single and n slits.
8. Derive the condition of minima in n-slits.
Numerical:

Diffraction:
1. A diffraction grating at normal incidence gives a wavelength of 6000 x 10-8 cm in a certain spectral
order superimposed on a wavelength 5000 x 10-8 cm of next higher order. If the sin θ = ¾. Calculate
the grating element. [Hint: n and next higher order is n+1. (e+d) sin θ = nλ1 = (n+1) λ2].
2. Light of wavelength of 5000 A0 falls on a grating normally. Teo adjacent principal maxima occur at
sin θ = 0.2 and sin θ = 0.3 respectively. Calculate the grating element. If the width of the grating is 2.5
cm calculate the resolving power in second order.
3. Show that only first order spectra are possible if the width of grating element is less than the twice of
the wavelength of light.
9. How many orders will be visible if the wavelength of incident radiation is 6000 A0 and given N=2500
lines per inch.
10. Determine the no. of lines in a grating required to resolve a sodium light (λ1 = 5890 angstrom , λ2 =
5896 angstrom and ∆λ = 6 angstrom
Interference:
4. In the Fresnel biprism experiment the angle of the glass (α) is 20 and µ = 1.5. Interference fringes are
formed with a source of wavelength (λ) 6000A0 located at 10 cm from the prism and source–screen
distance is 100 cm. Find the maximum number of fringes (n) that can be observed.
(Hint nω = n Dλ/2d and from deviation method 2d = 2a (µ-1) α. Since distance is given in cm therefore
convert the rest of the parameters in cm and angle in radian [radian = angle (deg.) x π/180]).
5. Biprism fringes are produced using a source of wavelength 5893A0. The µ = 1.50 and refracting angles
(α1) 1.040 and (α2) 1.230. The distance of the focal plane of the eyepiece from the biprism is 56.1 cm
and the distance from slit to biprism is 13.8cm. Find 2d and fringe width (ω).
(Hint: find α = α1+ α2 then convert it into radian. Convert the 5893A0 into cm.)
6. In Newton’s ring the diameter of 15th ring is 0.009m. Find radius of curvature of lens and thickness of
the air film. (λ = 6 x 10-7 m)
[Hint: In Newton’s ring, when wedge shaped film is filled with medium of refractive index µ, the dia.
4𝑛𝜆𝑅
of any nth dark ring is given by Dn2 (liquid) = µ
(for air wedge film µ = 1). Then find thickness (t) by
2t = Dn2/
4R]
7. In Newton’s ring experiment, the diameter of any 10th bright ring is 1.90 cm. Given radius of curvature
of lens = 200 cm then find the wavelength (λ) of the source. [Hint: Dn2 (bright) = 2 (2n+1) λ R]
8. In Newton’s ring experiment, given the diameters of 6th dark ring =0.300cm, 10th dark ring = 0.600cm
and 12th dark ring = 0.900cm. Find the diameter of 16th dark ring.
[Hint: From the relation (Dn+p2 - Dn2 ) (air) = 4pλR, we can establish (D102 – D62 ) = 4 x 4x λR (here
n+p = 10 and n=6 therefore p = 4) and (D162 – D122 ) = 4 x 4 x λR (here n+p = 16 and n=12 therefore
p = 4). Dividing these two relations we can find D16.]

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